Cheilocostus speciosus

Crêpe ginger
	In Tortuguero, Costa Rica
	In Bukidnon, Philippines
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Zingiberales
Family:	Costaceae
Genus:	Cheilocostus
Species:	C. speciosus
Binomial name
	Cheilocostus speciosus; (J.Konig) C.Specht
Synonyms
	Costus speciosus (J.Koenig) Sm.; Banksea speciosa J.Koenig in A.J.Retzius; Hellenia speciosa (J.Koenig) S.R.Dutta; many more

Cheilocostus speciosus, or crêpe ginger, is a species of flowering plant in the family Costaceae. Some botanists have now revived the synonym Hellenia speciosa for this species.^[3]

It is native to southeast Asia and surrounding regions, from India to China to Queensland, It is especially common on the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is also reportedly naturalized in Puerto Rico, Mauritius, Réunion, Fiji, Hawaii, Costa Rica, Belize, Melanesia, Micronesia, and the West Indies. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental.^[4]

Description

Cheilocostus speciosus and other members of the Costaceae differ from gingers by having only one row of spirally arranged leaves. The species reproduces vegetatively by rhizome, and birds disperse the seeds when they feed on the fruits.

This plant is cultivated in South Asia and Southeast Asia for its medicinal uses, and is cultivated elsewhere as an ornamental. In some areas Cheilocostus speciosus is introduced and has become an invasive species.

Habitat

The habitat where this species is found is roadside ditches and low-lying areas in tropical forests. Flowering starts after onset of the rainy season.

Ecology

Caterpillars of the restricted demon (Notocrypta curvifascia) feed on crêpe ginger.^{[citation needed]}

Human relevance

The plant has many historical uses in Ayurveda, where the rhizome has been used to treat fever, rash, asthma, bronchitis, and intestinal worms. It is mentioned in the Kama Sutra as an ingredient in a cosmetic to be used on the eyelashes to increase sexual attractiveness. It is used to treat kidney problems and other urinary problems in Mizo Traditional Medicine. It was used as a traditional medicine by Malays when evil spirits have possessed a body,^[5] as well as for the treatment of high fever, smallpox and as a purgative.^[6]

The crêpe ginger is also a source of diosgenin, a compound used for the commercial production of various steroids, such as progesterone.^[7]

Several parts of the plant are eaten, including the flowers, leaves, shoots, and rhizomes.^[8]^[9]^[10]