Chondrostoma kinzelbachi, commonly known as the Orontes nase or Levantine nase, is a species of nase, a genus of cypriniform fish within the cyprinid subfamily Leuciscinae (though some authorities raise Leuciscidae to the rank of family[2]). It is endemic to the Orontes River basin, historically occurring in Turkey and Syria. It is a fairly small freshwater fish, ranging from 11.8 centimetres (4.6 in) to 21.6 centimetres (8.5 in) SL.[3][4]
| Chondrostoma kinzelbachi | |
|---|---|
_Figure_6.jpg)
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| An Orontes nase (labeled "c"), alongside other closely related nases | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Family: | Cyprinidae |
| Subfamily: | Leuciscinae |
| Genus: | Chondrostoma |
| Species: | C. kinzelbachi
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| Binomial name | |
| Chondrostoma kinzelbachi Krupp, 1985
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The Orontes nase is distinguished from congeners by its usual pharyngeal tooth formula of 7-7, as well as by other subtle morphological traits, such as gill raker count and scale structure.[3][5] It is particularly closely related to C. ceyhanensis and C. toros, with these three species forming an "eastern Mediterranean" clade; the Mesopotamian nase (C. regium) falls outside this clade, but is also a very close relative. These four species split from their closest relatives in the Balkans ~4.8 million years ago, and diversified further 2.5–3.0 Mya, coinciding with uplifting of the Anatolian Plateau.[2][5]
As of 2013, the Orontes nase was assessed as endangered by the IUCN.[1] Its range has been drastically reduced over the years, and it is probably now extirpated in Syria. Its decline is attributable to exploitation and pollution of local waterways; the two waterways it is still known to inhabit are also threatened by these factors, as well as reduced rainfall, worsened by climate change.
References
edit- ^ a b Freyhof, J. (2014). "Chondrostoma kinzelbachi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T60753A19008059. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T60753A19008059.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ a b Çiftci, Yılmaz; Gül Mutlu, Ayşe; Güçlü, Salim Serkan; Turan, Davut; Küçük, Fahrettin (2020-07-02). "Phylogeography of the genus Chondrostoma Agassiz, 1835 (Teleostei: Leuciscidae) in Anatolia, as inferred from mitochondrial DNA analysis". Zoology in the Middle East. 66 (3): 206–221. doi:10.1080/09397140.2020.1788255.
- ^ a b Krupp, Friedhelm (1 January 1985). "(PDF) A new species of Chondrostoma from the Orontes river drainage basin of Turkey and Syria (Pisces: Osteichthyes: Cyprinidae)". Senckenbergiana Biologica. 66 (1/3). E Schweizerbart Science Publishers: 27–33. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
- ^ "Chondrostoma kinzelbachi summary page". FishBase. 18 March 2013. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
- ^ a b Küçük, Fahretti̇n; Çi̇ftçi, Yılmaz; Güçlü, Sali̇m Serkan; Mutlu, Ayşe Gül; Turan, Davut (6 January 2023). "Taxonomic review of the Chondrostoma (Teleostei, Leuciscidae) species from inland waters of Turkey: an integrative approach". Zoosystematics and Evolution. 99 (1). Pensoft Publishers: 1–13. doi:10.3897/zse.99.91275.