Comparative army officer ranks of Europe

Rank comparison chart of all armies and land forces of European states.

Officers (OF 1–10)

Rank group	General / flag officers					Senior officers					Junior officers
Albanian Land Force^[1] v t e
Albanian Land Force^[1] v t e			Gjeneral lejtant	Gjeneral major	Gjeneral brigade	Kolonel		Nënkolonel	Major		Kapiten		Toger		Nëntoger
Austrian Land Forces^[2] v t e
Austrian Land Forces^[2] v t e		General	Generalleutnant	Generalmajor	Brigadier	Oberst		Oberstleutnant	Major		Hauptmann		Oberleutnant		Leutnant
Belarusian Ground Forces^[3] v t e
Belarusian Ground Forces^[3] v t e	Верховный главнокомандующий Verkhovnyy glavnokomanduyushchiy		Ґенэрал-палкоўнік G̀jeneral-palkoŭnik	Ґенэрал-лейтэнант G̀jeneral-liejtenant	Ґенэрал-маёр G̀jeneral-major	Палкоўнік Palkoŭnik		Падпалкоўнік Padpalkoŭnik	Маёр Major		Капітан Kapitan		Старшы лейтэнант Staršy liejtenant	Лейтэнант Liejtenant		Малодшы лейтэнант Malodšy liejtenant
Belgian Land Component^[4] v t e
		Generaal	Luitenant-generaal	Generaal-majoor	Brigadegeneraal	Kolonel		Luitenant-kolonel	Majoor	Kapitein-commandant	Kapitein		Luitenant		Onderluitenant
		Général	Lieutenant général	Général-major	Général de Brigade	Colonel		Lieutenant-colonel	Major	Capitaine-commandant	Capitaine		Lieutenant		Sous-lieutenant
		General	Generalleutnant	Generalmajor	Brigadegeneral	Oberst		Oberstleutnant	Major	Stabshauptmann	Hauptmann		Leutnant		Unterleutnant
Bosnian Ground Forces^[5] v t e
Bosnian Ground Forces^[5] v t e			General pukovnik	General major	Brigadni general	Brigadir		Pukovnik	Major		Kapetan		Poručnik		Podporučnik
Bulgarian Land Forces^[6] v t e
Bulgarian Land Forces^[6] v t e		Генерал General	Генерал-лейтенант General-leytenant	Генерал-майор General-mayor	Бригаден генерал Brigaden general	Полковник Polkovnik		Подполковник Podpolkovnik	Майор Mayor		Капитан Kapitan		Старши лейтенант Starshi leytenant		Лейтенант Leytenant
Croatian Army^[7] v t e
Croatian Army^[7] v t e	Stožerni general	General zbora	General pukovnik	General bojnik	Brigadni general	Brigadir		Pukovnik	Bojnik		Satnik		Natporučnik		Poručnik
Cypriot Ground Forces^[8] v t e
Cypriot Ground Forces^[8] v t e			Αντιστράτηγος Antistrátigos	Υποστράτηγος Ypostrátigos	Ταξίαρχος Taxíarchos	Συνταγματάρχης Syntagmatárchis		Αντισυνταγματάρχης Antisyntagmatárchis	Ταγματάρχης Tagmatárchis		Λοχαγός Lochagós		Υπολοχαγός Ypolochagós		Ανθυπολοχαγός Anthypolochagós
Northern Cypriot Security Forces Command v t e
Northern Cypriot Security Forces Command v t e				Tümgeneral	Tuğgeneral	Albay		Yarbay	Binbaşı		Yüzbaşı		Üsteğmen	Teğmen		Asteğmen
Czech Land Forces^[9] v t e
Czech Land Forces^[9] v t e		Armádní generál	Generálporučík	Generálmajor	Brigádní generál	Plukovník		Podplukovník	Major		Kapitán		Nadporučík		Poručík
Royal Danish Army^[10] v t e
Royal Danish Army^[10] v t e		General	Generalløjtnant	Generalmajor	Brigadegeneral	Oberst		Oberstløjtnant	Major		Kaptajn		Premierløjtnant	Løjtnant		Sekondløjtnant
Estonian Land Forces^[11] v t e
Estonian Land Forces^[11] v t e		Kindral	Kindralleitnant	Kindralmajor	Brigaadikindral	Kolonel		Kolonelleitnant	Major		Kapten		Leitnant	Nooremleitnant		Lipnik
Finnish Army^[12] v t e
		Kenraali	Kenraaliluutnantti	Kenraalimajuri	Prikaatikenraali	Eversti		Everstiluutnantti	Majuri		Kapteeni		Yliluutnantti	Luutnantti		Vänrikki
		General	Generallöjtnant	Generalmajor	Brigadgeneral	Överste		Överstelöjtnant	Major		Kapten		Premiärlöjtnant	Löjtnant		Fänrik
French Army^[13] v t e
French Army^[13] v t e	Maréchal de France	Général d'armée	Général de corps d'armée	Général de division	Général de brigade	Colonel		Lieutenant-colonel	Commandant		Capitaine		Lieutenant		Sous-lieutenant
Georgian Land Forces^[14] v t e
Georgian Land Forces^[14] v t e		გენერალი Generali	გენერალ ლეიტენანტი General leit’enant’i	გენერალ-მაიორი General-maiori	ბრიგადის გენერალი Brigadis generali	პოლკოვნიკი P’olk’ovnik’i		ვიცე-პოლკოვნიკი Vitse-p’olk’ovnik’i	მაიორი Maiori		კაპიტანი K’ap’it’ani		უფროსი ლეიტენანტი Uprosi leit’enant’i		ლეიტენანტი Leit’enant’i
German Army^[15] v t e
German Army^[15] v t e		General	Generalleutnant	Generalmajor	Brigadegeneral	Oberst		Oberstleutnant	Major		Stabshauptmann	Hauptmann	Oberleutnant		Leutnant
Hellenic Army^[16] v t e
Hellenic Army^[16] v t e		Στρατηγός Stratigos	Αντιστράτηγος Antistratigos	Υποστράτηγος Ypostratigos	Ταξίαρχος Taxiarchos	Συνταγματάρχης Syntagmatarchis		Αντισυνταγματάρχης Antisyntagmatarchis	Ταγματάρχης Tagmatarchis		Λοχαγός Lochagos		Υπολοχαγός Ypolochagos		Ανθυπολοχαγός Anthypolochagos
Rank group	General / flag officers					Senior officers					Junior officers
Hungarian Ground Forces^[17] v t e
Hungarian Ground Forces^[17] v t e		Vezérezredes	Altábornagy	Vezérőrnagy	Dandártábornok	Ezredes		Alezredes	Őrnagy		Százados		Főhadnagy		Hadnagy
Iceland Crisis Response Unit v t e
Iceland Crisis Response Unit v t e						Ofursti		Undirofursti	Majór		Höfuðsmaður		Liðsforingi		Undirliðsforingi
Irish Army^[18]^[19] v t e
			Lieutenant-general	Major-general	Brigadier-general	Colonel		Lieutenant-colonel	Commandant		Captain		Lieutenant		Second-Lieutenant
			Lefteanant-ghinearál	Maor-ghinearál	Briogáidire-ghinearál	Cornal		Lefteanant-chornal	Ceannfort		Captaen		Lefteanant		Dara-lefteanant
Italian Army^[20] v t e
Italian Army^[20] v t e		Generale	Generale di Corpo d'Armata (Tenente Generale)	Generale di Divisione (Maggior Generale)	Generale di Brigata (Brigadier Generale)	Colonnello		Tenente Colonnello	Maggiore		Primo capitano	Capitano	Tenente		Sottotenente
Kosovo Security Force^[21] v t e
Kosovo Security Force^[21] v t e			Gjenerallejtnant	Gjeneralmajor	Gjeneralbrigade	Kolonel		Nënkolonel	Major		Kapiten		Toger		Nëntoger
Latvian Land Forces^[22] v t e
Latvian Land Forces^[22] v t e			Ģenerālleitnants	Ģenerālmajors	Brigādes ģenerālis	Pulkvedis		Pulkvežleitnants	Majors		Kapteinis		Virsleitnants		Leitnants
Liechtenstein	No army
Lithuanian Land Force^[23] v t e
Lithuanian Land Force^[23] v t e		Generolas	Generolas leitenantas	Generolas majoras	Brigados generolas	Pulkininkas		Pulkininkas leitenantas	Majoras		Kapitonas		Vyresnysis leitenantas		Leitenantas
Luxembourg Army^[24] v t e
Luxembourg Army^[24] v t e					Général	Colonel		Lieutenant-colonel	Major		Capitaine		Lieutenant en premier		Lieutenant
North Macedonia Ground Forces^[25] v t e
North Macedonia Ground Forces^[25] v t e		Генерал General	Генерал потполковник General potpolkovnik	Генерал мајор General major	Бригаден генерал Brigaden general	Полковник Polkovnik		Потполковник Potpolkovnik	Мајор Major		Капетан Kapetan		Поручник Poručnik		Потпоручник Potporučnik
Army of Malta^[26] v t e
Army of Malta^[26] v t e					Brigadier Brigadier	Colonel Kurunell		Lieutenant colonel Logutenent kurunell	Major Maġġur		Captain Kaptan		Lieutenant Logutenent		Second lieutenant Sekond logutenent
Moldovan Ground Forces^[27] v t e
Moldovan Ground Forces^[27] v t e			General de corp de armată	General de divizie	General de brigadă	Colonel		Locotenent-colonel	Maior		Căpitan		Locotenent-major		Locotenent
Army of Monaco v t e
Army of Monaco v t e	Commandant en Chef					Colonel		Lieutenant-colonel	Commandant		Capitaine		Lieutenant		Sous-Lieutenant
Montenegrin Ground Army^[28] v t e
Montenegrin Ground Army^[28] v t e		General pukovnik	General potpukovnik	General major	Brigadir general	Pukovnik		Potpukovnik	Major		Kapetan		Poručnik		Potporučnik
Royal Netherlands Army^[29] v t e
Royal Netherlands Army^[29] v t e		Generaal	Luitenant-generaal	Generaal-majoor	Brigadegeneraal	Kolonel		Luitenant-kolonel	Majoor		Kapitein/ Ritmeester		Eerste luitenant		Tweede luitenant
Norwegian Army^[30] v t e
Norwegian Army^[30] v t e		General	Generalløytnant	Generalmajor	Brigader	Oberst		Oberstløytnant	Major		Kaptein/ Rittmester		Løytnant		Fenrik
Polish Land Forces^[31] v t e
Polish Land Forces^[31] v t e	Marszałek Polski	Generał	Generał broni	Generał dywizji	Generał brygady	Pułkownik		Podpułkownik	Major		Kapitan		Porucznik		Podporucznik
Rank group	General / flag officers					Senior officers					Junior officers
Portuguese Army^[32] v t e
Portuguese Army^[32] v t e	Marechal do Exército	General	Tenente-general	Major-general	Brigadeiro-general	Coronel-tirocinado ^[a]	Coronel	Tenente-coronel	Major		Capitão		Tenente		Alferes
Romanian Land Forces^[33] v t e
Romanian Land Forces^[33] v t e	Mareșal	General	General-locotenent	General-maior	General de brigadă	Colonel		Locotenent-colonel	Maior		Căpitan		Locotenent		Sublocotenent
Russian Ground Forces^[34] v t e
Russian Ground Forces^[34] v t e	Маршал Российской Федерации Marshal Rossiyskoy Federatsii	Генерал армии General armii	Генерал-полковник General-polkovnik	Генерал-лейтенант General-leytenant	Генерал-майор General-mayor	Полковник Polkovnik		Подполковник Podpolkovnik	Майор Mayor		Kапитан Kapitan		Старший лейтенант Starshiy leytenant	Лейтенант Leytenant		Mладший лейтенант Mladshiy leytenant
Sammarinese Guard of the Rock v t e
Sammarinese Guard of the Rock v t e						Colonnello		Tenente Colonnello	Maggiore		Capitano		Tenente		Sottotenente
Serbian Army^[35] v t e
Serbian Army^[35] v t e		Генерал General	Генерал-потпуковник General-potpukovnik	Генерал-мајор General-major	Бригадни генерал Brigadni general	Пуковник Pukovnik		Потпуковник Potpukovnik	Мајор Major		Капетан прве класе Kapetan prve klase	Капетан Kapetan	Поручник Poručnik		Потпоручник Potporučnik
Slovak Ground Forces^[36] v t e
Slovak Ground Forces^[36] v t e		Generál	Generálporučík^[b]	Generálmajor	Brigádny generál	Plukovník		Podplukovník	Major		Kapitán		Nadporučík		Poručík
Slovenian Ground Force^[37] v t e
Slovenian Ground Force^[37] v t e		General polkovnik	Generalpodpolkovnik	Generalmajor	Brigadni general	Polkovnik		Podpolkovnik	Major		Stotnik		Nadporočnik		Poročnik
Spanish Army^[38] v t e
Spanish Army^[38] v t e	Capitán general	General de ejército	Teniente general	General de división	General de brigada	Coronel		Teniente coronel	Comandante		Capitán		Teniente		Alférez
Swedish Army^[39] v t e
Swedish Army^[39] v t e		General	Generallöjtnant	Generalmajor	Brigadgeneral	Överste		Överstelöjtnant	Major		Kapten		Löjtnant		Fänrik
Swiss Army^[40] v t e		General[1]	Corps General	Division General	Brigade General	Colonel		Lieutenant Colonel	Major		Captain		First Lieutenant		Lieutenant
		General	Korpskommandant	Divisionär	Brigadier	Oberst		Oberstleutnant	Major		Hauptmann		Oberleutnant		Leutnant
		Général	Commandant de corps	Divisionnaire	Brigadier	Colonel		Lieutenant-colonel	Major		Capitaine		Premier-lieutenant		Lieutenant
Turkish Land Forces^[41] v t e
Turkish Land Forces^[41] v t e	Mareşal	Orgeneral	Korgeneral	Tümgeneral	Tuğgeneral	Albay		Yarbay	Binbaşı		Yüzbaşı		Üsteğmen	Teğmen		Asteğmen
Ukrainian Ground Forces^[42] v t e
Ukrainian Ground Forces^[42] v t e		Генерал Heneral	Генерал-лейтенант Heneral-leitenant	Генерал-майор Heneral-maior	Бригадний генерал Bryhadnyi heneral	Полковник Polkovnyk		Підполковник Pidpolkovnyk	Майор Maior		Капітан Kapitan		Старший лейтенант Starshyi leitenant	Лейтенант Leitenant		Молодший лейтенант Molodshyi leitenant
British Army^[43] v t e
British Army^[43] v t e	Field marshal	General	Lieutenant-general	Major-general	Brigadier	Colonel		Lieutenant colonel	Major		Captain		Lieutenant		Second lieutenant
Pontifical Swiss Guard^[44] v t e
Pontifical Swiss Guard^[44] v t e						Oberst		Oberstleutnant	Major		Hauptmann		Leutnant
Rank group	General / flag officers					Senior officers					Junior officers

Remark:
NATO STANAG 2116 lists Officer Designates (listed here as OF(D)) of some countries alongside OF-1 ranks.

Notes

^ Colonel who has completed the General Officer training course. Between 1929 and 1937, the Coronel-tirocinado was called Brigadeiro.
^ The appropriate branch of service badge is pinned just under the top button of the for all ranks excluding full General.

References

STANAG 2116 NATO chart

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^ "Dienstgrade". bundesheer.at (in German). Federal Ministry of Defence (Austria). Retrieved 25 May 2021.
^ "Указ Президента Республики Беларусь от 21.07.2009 N 388 "О военной форме одежды, знаках различия по воинским званиям и внесении дополнений в Указ Президента Республики Беларусь от 9 июня 2006 г. N 383"". pravo.levonevsky.org/ (in Russian). Government of Belarus. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
^ "IPR Landcomponent". mil.be (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 17 February 2005. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
^ "OBILJEŽJA I ČINOVI OS BIH". os.mod.gov.ba (in Bosnian). Oružane snage Bosne i Hercegovine. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
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^ "Oznake činova". osrh.hr (in Croatian). Republic of Croatia Armed Forces. 1 April 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
^ "Βαθμοί" [Ranks]. army.gov.cy (in Greek). Cypriot National Guard. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
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^ "Hærens Gradstegn" (PDF). forsvaret.dk (in Danish). Danish Defence. October 2021. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
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^ "სამხედრო წოდებები და ინსიგნიები" [Military Ranks and Insignia]. mod.gov.ge (in Georgian). Ministry of Defense of Georgia. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
^ "Dienstgradabzeichen Heer". bundeswehr.de (in German). Bundeswehr. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
^ "Επωμίδες Φ/Π Στολών" [Shoulders for PV Uniforms]. army.gr (in Greek). Hellenic Army. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
^ Andrea, Kánya (6 May 2009). "A gallér és az ötágú csillag". honvedelem.hu (in Hungarian). Hungarian Defence Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
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[Coronel-tirocinado-33] Colonel who has completed the General Officer training course. Between 1929 and 1937, the Coronel-tirocinado was called Brigadeiro.

[Solvak_General-38] The appropriate branch of service badge is pinned just under the top button of the for all ranks excluding full General.

[Albanian_Army-1] "GRADAT, FORCA TOKËSORE" (PDF). aaf.mil.al (in Albanian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.

[Austria_Army-2] "Dienstgrade". bundesheer.at (in German). Federal Ministry of Defence (Austria). Retrieved 25 May 2021.

[Belarus-3] "Указ Президента Республики Беларусь от 21.07.2009 N 388 "О военной форме одежды, знаках различия по воинским званиям и внесении дополнений в Указ Президента Республики Беларусь от 9 июня 2006 г. N 383"". pravo.levonevsky.org/ (in Russian). Government of Belarus. Retrieved 30 May 2021.

[Belgium_Army-4] "IPR Landcomponent". mil.be (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 17 February 2005. Retrieved 25 November 2021.

[Bosnia&Herzegovina-5] "OBILJEŽJA I ČINOVI OS BIH". os.mod.gov.ba (in Bosnian). Oružane snage Bosne i Hercegovine. Retrieved 30 September 2019.

[Bulgaria-6] "ЗАКОН ЗА ОТБРАНАТА И ВЪОРЪЖЕНИТЕ СИЛИ НА РЕПУБЛИКА БЪЛГАРИЯ". lex.bg (in Bulgarian). Глава седма. ВОЕННА СЛУЖБА. 12 May 2009. Retrieved 25 May 2021.

[Croatia-7] "Oznake činova". osrh.hr (in Croatian). Republic of Croatia Armed Forces. 1 April 2019. Retrieved 26 May 2021.

[Cyprus-8] "Βαθμοί" [Ranks]. army.gov.cy (in Greek). Cypriot National Guard. Retrieved 26 May 2021.

[Czech_Republic-9] "Ranks". army.cz. Ministry of Defence of the Czech Republic. 2018. Retrieved 26 May 2021.

[Denmark_Army-10] "Hærens Gradstegn" (PDF). forsvaret.dk (in Danish). Danish Defence. October 2021. Retrieved 22 August 2023.

[Estonia_Army-11] "Sümboolika: Maaväe Auastmed". mil.ee (in Estonian). Estonian Defence Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.

[Finland-12] "Sotilasarvot Puolustusvoimissa" [Military ranks in the Defense Forces]. puolustusvoimat.fi (in Finnish). Finnish Defence Forces. Retrieved 26 May 2021.

[France_Army-13] Instruction N° 10300/DEF/EMAT/LOG/ASH (PDF) (in French). Staff of the French Army. 13 June 2005. Retrieved 30 May 2021.

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Comparative army officer ranks of Europe

Contents

Officers (OF 1–10)

See also

Notes

References