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Cross Island MRT line

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The Cross Island Line (CRL) is a high capacity Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) line under development in Singapore. It will run in an east–west direction from Changi to Jurong Industrial Estate via Loyang, Pasir Ris, Hougang, Serangoon North, Ang Mo Kio, Sin Ming, Bukit Timah, Clementi and West Coast. From Pasir Ris, the line will branch off to Punggol.[2] The 58-kilometre (36 mi) line will replace the East–West Line as the longest line on the MRT network upon its complete opening by the 2040s, serving about 27 stations.[3]

Cross Island Line
Construction works at Teck Ghee station
Overview
Native name
  • Laluan MRT Rentas Pulau
  • 跨岛地铁线
  • குறுக்குத் தீவு ரயில் பாதை
Status
  • Under construction (Phase 1-2 & Punggol Extension)
  • Under planning (Phase 3)
OwnerLand Transport Authority
LocaleSingapore
Termini
Stations
  • 12 (Phase 1)
  • 6 (Phase 2)
  • 3 (Punggol Extension)
Service
TypeRapid transit
SystemMass Rapid Transit (Singapore)
Operator(s)TBA
Depot(s)Changi East
Rolling stockCRRC Qingdao Sifang CR151
History
Planned opening
  • 2030 (Phase 1)
  • 2032 (Punggol Extension and Phase 2)
  • 2040 (extension to Changi Airport T5)
Technical
Line length
  • 29 km (18 mi) (Phase 1)
  • 15 km (9.3 mi) (Phase 2)
  • 7.3 km (4.5 mi) (Punggol Extension)
  • 58 km (36 mi) (Total approximate)
CharacterFully underground
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
ElectrificationOverhead line, 1,500 V DC [1]
Route map

Legend
future extension
to Changi Airport T5
Changi East Depot
 CR2 
Aviation Park
 CR3 
Loyang
 CR4 
Pasir Ris East
Sungei Tampines
 EW1 
■
East–West Line
to Tuas Link
 CP1   CR5 
Pasir Ris
Sungei Api Api
 CP2 
Elias
Tampines Expressway
 CR6 
Tampines North
Kallang–P.L. Expressway
 CR7 
Defu
Sungei Serangoon
 PE4 
■
Punggol LRT
East Loop
 CP3 
Riviera
 PTC 
■
East Loop
West Loop
 NE17 
■
North East Line
to Punggol Coast
 CP4 
Punggol
 NE14 
■
North East Line
to HarbourFront
 CR8 
Hougang
 CR9 
Serangoon North
 CR10 
Tavistock
Central Expressway
 CR11 
Ang Mo Kio
 NS16 
■
← to Jurong East
to Marina South Pier →
 CR12 
Teck Ghee
Kallang River
 CR13 
Bright Hill
 TE7 
■
← to Woodlands North
to Bayshore →
Pan-Island Expressway
 CR14 
Turf City
 DT6 
■
← to Bukit Panjang
to Expo →
 CR15 
King Albert Park
 CR16 
Maju
Sungei Ulu Pandan
 CR17 
Clementi
 EW23 
■
← to Tuas Link
to Pasir Ris →
Ayer Rajah Expressway
 CR18 
West Coast
Sungei Pandan
 CR19 
Jurong Lake District
future extension
to Tuas
This diagram:

Plans for the line were first announced in 2013. The CRL is envisioned to serve various key hubs including the Jurong Lake District and the Punggol Digital District, offering an alternative east–west connection to alleviate passenger load on the East–West Line. Shortly after the announcement, calls were made by some nature groups to divert the line tunnels away from the Central Catchment Nature Reserve (CCNR). Nevertheless, the Government ultimately decided after years of assessments and deliberation to continue with the original direct route in 2019, citing commuting time and economic factors as well as long-term energy consumption. The alignment and stations for CRL1 were finalised in 2019, followed by the Punggol branch in 2020 and Phase 2 in 2022.[4] The proposed full line is expected to have a daily ridership of over one million in the long term,[5] and to cost an estimated S$40.7 billion.[6]

History

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Announcement

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The Cross Island Line was first announced by then Transport Minister Lui Tuck Yew on 17 January 2013. The line was planned to relieve congestion on the existing East–West Line and slated to begin at Changi on Singapore's eastern coast, passing through the major eastern towns including Pasir Ris, Hougang and Ang Mo Kio. From this point, it would proceed further west toward Bukit Timah, Clementi and West Coast, before terminating in the Jurong Industrial Estate. A branch line was to connect the mainline to Punggol. The line was planned to be 50 km long and open in 2030.[7][8] Studies on the Cross Island Line began in May 2013.[9]

Line alignment

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Final and alternate routes crossing the Central Catchment[10][11]

Since its announcement, there has been controversy over the alignment of the line's Bukit Timah stretch crossing the Central Catchment Nature Reserve (CCNR) and MacRitchie Reservoir, which prompted the Nature Society Singapore to call for the line's realignment. Environmental groups have urged the Government not to build the MRT line under the CCNR.[12]

On 19 July 2013, the NSS put forward two proposed alternative alignments:[13] a northern route that would run close to the Thomson–East Coast Line, heading west towards Mandai, Sungei Kadut and Gali Batu before terminating at Choa Chu Kang, and a southern route skirting the reserve along Lornie Road. One engineering professor Lee Der-Horng noted the possible feasibility of constructing the line through the reserve without impacting the environment, though he said the decision "shouldn’t be just based on transport".[14]

A tender to assess the environmental impact of the line was called for on 24 February 2014 to facilitate civil works for the line.[15] In July 2014, the LTA appointed Environmental Resources Management (S) Pte Ltd (ERM) to conduct the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the section of the line around and through the nature reserve. The EIA was to be conducted in two phases, with the first studying the ecosystem and physical conditions along both the straight and skirting alignments, as well as assessing how construction and operation of the line would affect the CCNR.[16] The Phase 1 EIA report was released in February 2016.[17][18]

Soil investigation works along the CCNR began in February 2017 and by October, was announced to be nearing completion by the end of the year.[12] On 20 March 2018, the LTA declared that the findings on the environmental impact of drilling and other initial works would be completed later that year.[19] The Phase 2 EIA report was released in September 2019.[20] On 4 December 2019, the Ministry of Transport confirmed that the direct route underneath the CCNR had been chosen, with mitigating factors such as tunnelling deeper than usual under the CCNR as well as no surface works in the area. The construction cost is also expected to be $2 billion lower than the alternative alignments.[21]

Phase 1

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Construction works at Hougang CRL site

On 25 January 2019, then Transport Minister Khaw Boon Wan announced the alignment of CRL Phase 1 (CRL1). This segment of the line, spanning 29 kilometres (18 miles), consists of 12 stations from Aviation Park station to Bright Hill station. A new 57-hectare Changi East Depot was to be built to serve the line. CRL Phase 1 is expected to be completed in 2030.[22][23][24]

Punggol Extension

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On 10 March 2020, a branch line from Pasir Ris station to Punggol station was announced. The 7.3-kilometre (4.5-mile) Punggol extension, consisting of four stations between this station and Punggol, was expected to be completed in 2031.[25][26] However, the restrictions imposed on construction works due to the COVID-19 pandemic have led to delays and the completion dates for CRL1 and CRLe were pushed by one year to 2030 and 2032 respectively.[27] Construction of CRL1 officially began on 18 January 2023.[28][29] As of January 2022, there are no plans to extend the Punggol branch to Jalan Kayu.[30]

Phase 2

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In December 2021, as part of a virtual exhibition by the LTA, a future system map depicted a series of 11 unnamed stations on the western half of the CRL.[31] The map also showed the western segment interchanging with existing and under-construction stations: King Albert Park, Clementi, Jurong Pier and Gul Circle stations. The map, along with the virtual exhibition, has since been offline. The LTA explained that the route was a "conceptual alignment" yet to be finalised, with the interchange stations being tentative.[32]

On 20 September 2022, then Transport Minister S. Iswaran confirmed the stations for Phase 2 of the CRL. Expected to open in 2032, the 15-kilometre (9.3 mi) segment spans six stations from Turf City station to Jurong Lake District station.[33][34] Construction of these stations is expected to start in 2023.[33]

Phase 3

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Based on tender documents, The Straits Times projected in February 2022 that civil works for the CRL might be completed by end-2033, with operations beginning in 2034 or later. The CRL is to be completed in three phases.[10] However, the LTA stated that the exact timeline is unclear and will only be known with the completion of advanced engineering studies.[35] It is projected that the second and third phases will be about 14 kilometres (8.7 miles) and 13 kilometres (8.1 miles) long respectively.[36] The Phase 3 segment is predicted to have four stations, with tentative stations CR21 and CR24 on the Phase 3 segment interchanging with the Jurong Region Line and the East–West Line.[37] An additional shell station might be built as part of the segment. As of 16 August 2024, engineering studies for Phase 3 have not yet been completed.[35][38]

Future plans

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In conceptual plans for the redevelopment of Paya Lebar Air Base, an additional station (labelled "PLAB") has been proposed between Defu and Tampines North stations to serve the new developments.[39]

Network and operations

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Route

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Planned route of the Cross Island MRT line[40][41]

The 58 kilometres (36 mi)-long CRL is planned to run in a generally east–west direction, serving 27 stations[10] and being an alternative route to the existing East–West (EWL) and Downtown (DTL) lines.[7][42] Phase 1 of the line goes west from Changi, in the east, to Pasir Ris. The line branches off to Punggol Digital District[25] and goes south-west towards Tampines North, and west to Hougang, and further towards Sin Ming via Ang Mo Kio.[40] Phase 2 of the line connects Bukit Timah to Sin Ming, tunneling through the CCNR, before continuing south-west to West Coast via Clementi, before heading north-west to Jurong Lake District.[41] Phase 3 concludes the line at the Jurong Industrial Estate.[41]

Services

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At least half of the CRL stations are to interchange with existing lines, providing alternative routes for commuters.[3] The LTA is also studying a possible extension to Changi Airport Terminal 5.[43]

The Government briefly considered in 2014 implementing an express service for the CRL.[44] However, then Transport Minister Khaw announced in 2018 that express services were considered not feasible, citing the higher cost needed to build extra tracks and additional signalling systems that can affect non-express commuters and existing lines.[45]

Stations

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Names stated are working names, except for the existing interchange stations.[22]

Cross Island Line stations timeline
Date Project Description
2030 Phase 1 Aviation Park - Bright Hill
2032 Punggol Extension Pasir Ris - Punggol
2032 Phase 2 Turf City - Jurong Lake District

Legend

 
Elevated		    
Line terminus		  
Transfer outside paid area
 
Ground-level 		 
Wheelchair accessible 		 
Bus interchange
 
Underground		  
Civil Defence Shelter 		           
Other transportation modes

List

Station code Station name Images Interchange;
Adjacent transportation 		Opening Cost
Phase 1 (under construction, to be ready by 2030)
 CR2 
   		 Aviation Park     Changi Ferry Terminal  
2030;
6 years' time
 S$320 million[46][47]
S$356 million[48][a]
 CR3 
   		 Loyang   —
S$748 million[49][50]
 CR4 
   		 Pasir Ris East   S$363 million[51]
 
 CR5   CP1  EW1 
   		 Pasir Ris Does not appear    CRL Punggol Extension  (2032)
   East–West Line 
―
  Pasir Ris		 S$980 million[52]
 CR6 
   		 Tampines North     Tampines North S$397 million[53]
S$446 million[46][54][b]
 CR7 
   		 Defu   —
S$467 million[55]
 CR8  NE14 
     		 Hougang      North East Line 
―
  Hougang Central		 S$604 million[56]
 CR9 
   		 Serangoon North   — S$407 million[57][58]
 CR10 
   		 Tavistock  
 CR11  NS16 
   		 Ang Mo Kio Does not appear    North–South Line 
―
  Ang Mo Kio		 S$644 million[59]
 CR12 
   		 Teck Ghee   — S$615.9 million[60]
 CR13  TE7 
     		 Bright Hill Does not appear    Thomson–East Coast Line  S$526 million[61]
S$758 million[62][c]
Phase 2 (under construction, to be ready by 2032)
 CR14 
   		 Turf City   —
2032;
8 years' time
 S$530 million[63]
 CR15  DT6 
     		 King Albert Park Does not appear    Downtown Line  S$447 million[64]
 CR16 
   		 Maju Does not appear — S$480 million[65]
S$199 million[38][d]
 CR17  EW23 
   		 Clementi Does not appear    East–West Line 
―
  Clementi 		S$514 million[64]
 CR18 
   		 West Coast Does not appear — S$510 million[66]
S$242 million[67][e]
 CR19 
   		 Jurong Lake District   S$590 million[68]
Punggol Extension (under construction, to be ready by 2032)[69]
 
 CP1   CR5  EW1 
   		 Pasir Ris Does not appear    Cross Island Line 
   East–West Line 
―
  Pasir Ris
2032;
8 years' time
 S$980 million[52]
 CP2 
   		 Elias   — $562 million[70]
 CP3 – PE4 
   		 Riviera Does not appear    PGLRT East Loop    S$1.1 billion[71]
 CP4  NE17  PTC 
   		 Punggol      North East Line 
   Punggol LRT 
  Punggol 		S$496 million[62]

Depots

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Number Depot name;
Lines 		Location Images Line-specific
stabling capacity 		Cost Opening
1
    Changi East  Changi Does not appear 70 trains S$1.05 billion[72][73][74]
2030;
6 years' time

Train control

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The Cross Island Line will be equipped with Siemens Trainguard Communications-based train control (CBTC) moving block signalling system with Automatic train control (ATC) under Automatic train operation (ATO) GoA 4 (UTO).[75]

Rolling stock

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The CR151 mockup displayed at LTA's Hampshire office.

Services on the CRL are to be provided by six-car electric multiple units designed and manufactured by CRRC Qingdao Sifang in Qingdao, known as the CRRC Qingdao Sifang CR151. These trains draw power from an overhead conductor rail, and are to be equipped with condition monitoring equipment to allow for quick identification of any potential problems.[76] In addition, they are to have five doors per side per carriage (also present on the T251 trains) as well as wider gangway connections carriages compared to other trains on the MRT network, which the LTA claims allow for smoother commuter movement on, off and within the trains.[77]

The LTA announced that it had awarded the S$589 million contract for the supply of trains for the line on 14 June 2023. Initially comprising a 44-train order, it includes an option for 11 more trains and for maintenance support of the train fleet. The trains are to be delivered progressively from 2027 onwards.[78] A CRL Train Mixed Reality Mock-up was displayed at LTA's Hampshire office as a public engagement exercise.[79][80][81]

Notes and references

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Notes

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  1. ^ Tunnel between Aviation Park and Loyang
  2. ^ Tunnel between Tampines North and Defu
  3. ^ Tunnel between Bright Hill and Turf City
  4. ^ Tunnel between Maju and Clementi
  5. ^ Tunnel between West Coast and Jurong Lake District

References

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  1. ^ "LTA annual report 2021/22" (PDF). Land Transport Authority. p. 44. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
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  3. ^ a b "Cross Island Line". LTA. 2 September 2019. Archived from the original on 27 December 2019. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  4. ^ "Six more MRT stations will be built in Phase 2 of Cross Island Line; to open by 2032". CNA. Retrieved 20 September 2022.
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  72. ^ "LTA Awards Contract for Changi East Depot". lta.gov.sg. Land Transport Authority. 28 May 2021. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  73. ^ Kurohi, Rei (28 May 2021). "LTA awards $1.05 billion contract for Cross Island Line's Changi East Depot". The Straits Times. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  74. ^ "LTA Awards Civil Contract for Design and Construction of Tunnels between Aviation Park Station and Changi East Depot under Cross Island Line Phase 1". LTA. 16 December 2021. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 7 June 2022.
  75. ^ "Siemens Mobility awarded contract to deliver CBTC on Singapore's ..." press.siemens.com. Retrieved 9 September 2023.
  76. ^ Soh, Pei Xuan (14 June 2023). "Cross Island Line to get 44 new MRT trains". CNA. Singapore. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
  77. ^ Loi, Esther (14 June 2023). "LTA buys 44 new trains for Cross Island Line for $589 million". The Straits Times. Singapore. Retrieved 14 June 2023.
  78. ^ "Purchase of 44 New Trains for the Cross Island Line". LTA. 14 June 2022.
  79. ^ "Registration Form for Public Engagement on the CRL Train Mixed Reality Mock-up". form.gov.sg. Land Transport Authority. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  80. ^ "Public Engagement Exercise on the Future Cross Island Line (CRL) Trains". form.gov.sg. Land Transport Authority. Retrieved 31 May 2024.
  81. ^ "中车制造！新加坡跨岛线地铁列车CR151新渲染图上线!_轨道交通展". 轨道交通展_轨道展_ARTS国际先进轨道交通技术展览会 (in Chinese). Retrieved 31 May 2024.
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