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Demographics of Cambodia

Demographic features of the population of Cambodia include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Demographics of Cambodia
Cambodia population pyramid in 2020
Population16,946,438
Growth rateIncrease 1.63% (2014)
Birth rate19.3 births/1,000 population
(2021 est.)[1]
Death rate6.8 deaths/1,000 population
(2021 est.)
Life expectancy69.6 years (2018 est.)[2]
 • male67.3 years
 • female71.6 years
Fertility rate2.34 children born/woman
(2021 est.)
Infant mortality rate24 deaths/1,000 live births
(2018 est.)[3]
Net migration rateDecrease 0.32 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years28.59%
15–64 years65.26%
65 and over6.15%
Sex ratio
Total0.94 male(s)/female (2013)
At birth1.05 male(s)/female
65 and over0.6 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationalitynoun: Cambodian(s), Khmer(s); Kampuchean(s) (historical)
adjective: Cambodian, Khmer; Kampuchean (historical)
Major ethnicKhmer
Minor ethnicChinese, Vietnamese, Cham, and others
Language
OfficialKhmer

Population

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Historical populations
YearPop.±%
1876 890,000—    
1901 1,103,000+23.9%
1911 1,487,900+34.9%
1921 2,402,600+61.5%
1931 2,806,000+16.8%
1947 3,296,000+17.5%
1951 4,261,000+29.3%
1961 5,510,000+29.3%
1971 7,270,000+31.9%
1981 6,682,000−8.1%
1991 8,810,000+31.8%
2001 12,353,000+40.2%
2011 14,701,717+19.0%
2021 16,946,438+15.3%
Source: CIA World Factbook
 
Population development

Between 1874 and 1921, the total population of Cambodia increased from about 946,000 to 2.4 million. By 1950, it had increased to between 3,710,107 and 4,073,967, and in 1962 it had reached 5.7 million. From the 1960s until 1975, the population of Cambodia increased by about 2.2% yearly, the lowest increase in Southeast Asia.

By 1975 when the Khmer Rouge took power, the population was estimated at 7.3 million. Of this total an estimated one to two million reportedly died between 1975 and 1978. In 1981, the PRK gave the official population figure as nearly 6.7 million, although approximately 6.3 million to 6.4 million is probably more accurate.

The average annual rate of population growth from 1978 to 1985 was 2.3% (see table 2, Appendix A). A post-Khmer Rouge baby boom pushed the population above 10 million, although growth has slowed in recent years.

In 1959, about 45% of the population was under 15 years of age. By 1962, this had increased slightly to 46%. In 1962, an estimated 52% of the population was between 15 and 64 years of age, while 2% were older than 65. The percentage of males and females in the three groups was almost the same.

Population and age distribution

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  •  
    Cambodian Population Pyramid-2005
  •  
    Population pyramid, urban-rural, Cambodia, 2019[4]
Year[5] Total population (thousands) Population percentage
aged 0–14 aged 15–64 aged 65+
1950 4 346
42.2%
55.1%
2.7%
1955 4 840
42.3%
55.0%
2.7%
1960 5 433
42.5%
54.8%
2.7%
1965 6 141
42.8%
54.4%
2.7%
1970 6 938
43.2%
54.0%
2.8%
1975 7 308
42.3%
54.9%
2.8%
1980 6 306
39.0%
58.1%
2.9%
1985 7 920
42.1%
55.0%
2.9%
1990 9 532
43.8%
53.4%
2.8%
1995 11 169
47.5%
49.7%
2.8%
2000 12 447
41.6%
55.4%
3.0%
2005 13 358
36.4%
60.3%
3.3%
2010 14 138
31.9%
64.3%
3.8%
2015 15 521
31.6%
64.3%
4.1%
2020 16 719
30.9%
64.2%
4.9%

Structure of the population

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Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2013) (Excluding foreign diplomatic personnel and their dependents. Data based on the 2008 Population Census):[6]
Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 7 320 112 7 642 479 14 962 591 100
0–4 806 531 777 854 1 584 385 10.59
5–9 721 480 693 339 1 414 819 9.46
10–14 768 899 735 963 1 504 862 10.06
15–19 878 612 830 980 1 709 592 11.43
20–24 848 931 800 737 1 649 668 11.03
25–29 678 825 712 044 1 390 869 9.30
30–34 613 674 637 973 1 251 647 8.37
35–39 338 735 363 397 702 132 4.69
40–44 411 072 441 415 852 487 5.70
45–49 344 372 395 214 739 586 4.94
50–54 295 645 352 214 648 347 4.33
55–59 190 528 288 806 479 334 3.20
60–64 153 721 218 867 372 588 2.49
65–69 105 605 147 502 253 107 1.69
70–74 76 017 108 069 184 086 1.23
75–79 47 601 72 558 120 159 0.80
80+ 39 864 65 059 104 923 0.70
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0–14 2 296 910 2 207 156 4 504 066 30.10
15–64 4 754 115 5 042 135 9 796 250 65.47
65+ 269 087 393 188 662 275 4.43
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2021) (Data based on the 2019 Population Census.):[7]
Age Group Male Female Total %
Total 8 093 453 8 498 636 16 592 089 100
0–4 791 593 755 468 1 547 061 9.32
5–9 792 080 756 481 1 548 561 9.33
10–14 843 604 804 317 1 647 921 9.93
15–19 799 876 773 934 1 573 810 9.49
20–24 647 446 666 588 1 314 034 7.92
25–29 684 545 720 947 1 405 492 8.47
30–34 682 783 713 536 1 396 319 8.42
35–39 684 224 703 803 1 388 027 8.37
40–44 483 437 500 719 984 156 5.93
45–49 369 988 393 527 763 515 4.60
50–54 360 130 409 250 769 380 4.64
55–59 319 093 370 486 689 579 4.16
60–64 232 929 310 156 543 085 3.27
65–69 157 661 240 966 398 627 2.40
70–74 112 069 169 150 281 219 1.69
75–79 71 156 105 568 176 724 1.07
80+ 60 839 103 740 164 579 0.99
Age group Male Female Total Percent
0–14 2 427 277 2 316 266 4 743 543 28.59
15–64 5 264 451 5 562 946 10 827 397 65.26
65+ 401 725 619 424 1 021 149 6.15

Vital statistics

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UN estimates

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Period[8] Population
(on 1 July) 		Live births Deaths Natural change CBR1 CDR1 NC1 TFR1 IMR1 Life expectancy (years)
1950 4 380 000   209 000   107 000   102 000 47.7 24.4 23.3 6.63 172.5 38.94
1951   4 485 000   213 000   108 000   105 000 47.5 24.1 23.4 6.62 170.9 39.25
1952   4 593 000   218 000   110 000   109 000 47.5 23.9 23.6 6.63 168.9 39.51
1953   4 702 000   224 000   112 000   112 000 47.6 23.7 23.9 6.66 167.5 39.74
1954   4 814 000   230 000   112 000   117 000 47.7 23.3 24.4 6.69 165.1 40.22
1955   4 931 000   236 000   114 000   122 000 47.8 23.1 24.7 6.73 163.4 40.45
1956   5 052 000   241 000   115 000   126 000 47.8 22.8 24.9 6.75 160.8 40.77
1957   5 176 000   247 000   116 000   130 000 47.6 22.5 25.1 6.75 158.2 41.19
1958   5 298 000   245 000   117 000   128 000 46.2 22.0 24.2 6.57 155.6 41.52
1959   5 419 000   244 000   117 000   127 000 45.0 21.6 23.3 6.42 152.5 41.79
1960   5 542 000   242 000   116 000   126 000 43.7 21.0 22.7 6.25 149.5 42.36
1961   5 665 000   242 000   116 000   127 000 42.8 20.4 22.3 6.12 147.0 42.79
1962   5 789 000   242 000   115 000   127 000 41.9 19.9 22.0 6.00 144.3 43.32
1963   5 914 000   242 000   114 000   128 000 40.9 19.3 21.6 5.85 141.7 43.90
1964   6 041 000   248 000   114 000   134 000 41.0 18.9 22.1 5.86 139.2 44.40
1965   6 171 000   252 000   115 000   137 000 40.8 18.5 22.2 5.82 136.9 44.79
1966   6 299 000   255 000   114 000   141 000 40.5 18.1 22.4 5.77 134.6 45.36
1967   6 426 000   258 000   115 000   143 000 40.1 17.9 22.2 5.71 132.3 45.51
1968   6 553 000   261 000   116 000   145 000 39.8 17.7 22.1 5.65 130.1 45.79
1969   6 680 000   263 000   116 000   147 000 39.4 17.4 22.0 5.56 128.0 46.24
1970   6 709 000   277 000   154 000   123 000 40.7 22.6 18.1 5.72 126.3 39.13
1971   6 696 000[clarification needed]   276 000   150 000   125 000[clarification needed] 40.9 22.3 18.6 5.87 124.7 39.51
1972   6 766 000   283 000   148 000   136 000 41.7 21.7 20.0 5.99 121.9 40.22
1973   6 852 000   269 000   150 000   119 000 39.2 21.8 17.4 5.56 125.0 40.02
1974   6 913 000   240 000   150 000   90 000 34.6 21.6 13.0 4.80 126.9 39.80
1975   6 728 000   210 000 578 000 −368 000 31.2 85.7 −54.6 4.10 265.4 12.00
1976   6 307 000   175 000   548 000 −373 000 27.6 86.6 −58.9 3.41 173.1 12.01
1977   6 040 000   140 000   192 000 −52 000 23.1 31.7 −8.7 2.72 134.2 28.91
1978   5 961 000   171 000   136 000   35 000 28.4 22.6 5.8 3.34 131.2 36.98
1979   6 052 000   227 000   114 000   113 000 37.9 19.1 18.8 4.56 117.9 42.28
1980   6 199 000   301 000   104 000   198 000 48.0 16.5 31.5 5.77 115.8 47.57
1981   6 364 000   311 000   106 000   205 000 49.1 16.7 32.4 6.04 112.8 48.18
1982   6 620 000   333 000   109 000   224 000 50.3 16.5 33.9 6.19 109.4 48.74
1983   6 882 000   350 000   111 000   239 000 51.0 16.1 34.8 6.30 106.1 49.49
1984   7 134 000   367 000   113 000   254 000 51.3 15.7 35.6 6.34 102.7 50.24
1985   7 376 000   374 000   113 000   261 000 50.6 15.3 35.4 6.31 99.6 51.04
1986   7 661 000   380 000   114 000   266 000 49.7 14.9 34.8 6.23 96.7 51.51
1987   7 976 000   387 000   109 000   278 000 48.7 13.7 35.0 6.10 94.1 53.45
1988   8 270 000   393 000   109 000   284 000 47.5 13.2 34.3 5.94 91.2 54.28
1989   8 571 000   390 000   109 000   281 000 45.6 12.7 32.9 5.72 88.6 54.80
1990   8 911 000   398 000   109 000   289 000 44.8 12.2 32.5 5.64 86.2 55.43
1991   9 259 000   404 000   111 000   294 000 43.8 12.0 31.8 5.57 86.4 55.79
1992   9 718 000   406 000   113 000   294 000 42.4 11.8 30.6 5.45 86.4 56.02
1993   10 244 000 414 000   117 000 297 000 40.8 11.5 29.3 5.27 87.0 56.08
1994   10 636 000   411 000   121 000   290 000 38.6 11.4 27.3 5.05 88.3 56.04
1995   10 920 000   395 000   121 000   274 000 36.2 11.1 25.1 4.82 88.6 56.31
1996   11 183 000   377 000   121 000   256 000 33.7 10.8 22.9 4.59 89.0 56.35
1997   11 432 000   362 000   120 000   242 000 31.7 10.5 21.2 4.39 88.5 56.74
1998   11 669 000   343 000   118 000   225 000 29.4 10.2 19.3 4.14 87.2 57.03
1999   11 899 000   341 000   116 000   225 000 28.7 9.7 18.9 3.92 84.4 57.69
2000   12 119 000   334 000   112 000   222 000 27.6 9.3 18.3 3.77 79.9 58.63
2001   12 338 000   332 000   107 000   225 000 26.9 8.7 18.3 3.65 73.2 59.97
2002   12 562 000   332 000   102 000   230 000 26.4 8.1 18.3 3.56 66.4 61.23
2003   12 788 000   331 000   98 000   233 000 25.9 7.6 18.2 3.44 60.4 62.52
2004   13 016 000   332 000   95 000   237 000 25.5 7.3 18.2 3.35 55.3 63.55
2005   13 247 000   334 000   93 000   241 000 25.2 7.0 18.1 3.24 51.0 64.29
2006   13 478 000   336 000   92 000   244 000 24.9 6.8 18.1 3.15 47.4 65.06
2007   13 715 000   342 000   91 000   251 000 24.9 6.6 18.3 3.08 44.3 65.73
2008   13 944 000   341 000   90 000   252 000 24.5 6.4 18.0 2.97 41.3 66.47
2009   14 156 000   342 000 87 000   255 000 24.1 6.1 18.0 2.87 38.4 67.44
2010   14 364 000   340 000   88 000   252 000 23.7 6.1 17.5 2.77 35.7 67.71
2011   14 574 000   341 000   87 000   254 000 23.4 5.9 17.4 2.70 33.4 68.42
2012   14 787 000   345 000   87 000   258 000 23.3 5.9 17.4 2.66 31.0 68.92
2013   15 000 000   346 000   87 000   259 000 23.0 5.8 17.2 2.62 29.3 69.30
2014   15 211 000   347 000   88 000   259 000 22.8 5.8 17.0 2.59 27.8 69.74
2015   15 418 000   345 000   90 000   255 000 22.3 5.8 16.5 2.55 26.4 69.87
2016   15 625 000   342 000   90 000   252 000 21.9 5.8 16.1 2.51 25.3 70.22
2017   15 831 000   338 000   92 000   247 000 21.3 5.8 15.6 2.47 24.2 70.52
2018   16 025 000   334 000   94 000   240 000 20.8 5.9 14.9 2.44 23.3 70.56
2019   16 208 000   329 000   97 000   233 000 20.3 5.9 14.3 2.40 22.4 70.69
2020   16 397 000   326 000   102 000   223 000 19.8 6.2 13.6 2.38 21.6 70.42
2021   16 589 000   321 000   114 000   207 000 19.3 6.8 12.5 2.34 20.8 69.58
1 CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births

Fertility

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The total fertility rate in Cambodia was 3.0 children per woman in 2010.[9] The fertility rate was 4.0 children in 2000.[9] Women in urban areas have 2.2 children on average, compared with 3.3 children per woman in rural areas.[9] Fertility is highest in Mondol Kiri and Rattanak Kiri Provinces, where women have an average of 4.5 children, and lowest in Phnom Penh where women have an average of 2.0 children.[9]

Fertility and Births

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Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):[10] [11][12]

Year Total Urban Rural
CBR TFR CBR TFR CBR TFR
1995–1998 29.0 4.11 25.0 3.31 29.0 4.25
2000 27.7 4.0 (3.1) 23.9 3.1 (2.5) 28.3 4.2 (3.2)
2005 25.6 3.4 (2.8) 23.8 2.8 (2.3) 25.9 3.5 (2.9)
2010 24.2 3.0 (2.6) 21.0 2.2 (2.0) 25.0 3.3 (2.8)
2014 22.0 2.7 (2.4) 20.2 2.1 (1.9) 22.4 2.9 (2.6)
2021–22 20.2 2.7 (2.4) 20.5 2.4 (2.2) 20.1 3.0 (2.7)
 
Total fertility rate per province in Cambodia in 2014

Total fertility rate and other related statistics by province, as of 2014:[13]

Province Total fertility rate Percentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnant Completed fertility rate (Average number of children born per woman in her lifetime)
Banteay Meanchey 2.8 5.2 4.0
Kampong Cham 3.3 3.5 3.9
Kampong Chhnang 2.4 5.4 4.2
Kampong Speu 2.4 6.3 4.1
Kampong Thom 2.9 5.8 4.4
Kandal 2.5 5.7 3.9
Kratié 3.6 7.3 4.5
Phnom Penh 2.0 4.6 2.8
Prey Veng 3.0 4.9 3.5
Pursat 3.1 5.9 4.0
Siem Reap 2.7 5.2 3.9
Svay Rieng 2.5 5.7 3.4
Takéo 2.4 3.9 3.7
Oddar Meanchey 3.0 8.5 4.6
Battambang/Pailin 2.9 5.5 3.8
Kampot/Kep 2.5 4.9 3.9
Sihanoukville/Koh Kong 2.7 5.8 4.1
Preah Vihear/Stung Treng 3.6 9.5 5.2
Mondulkiri/Ratanakiri 3.3 6.9 4.8

Infant and childhood mortality

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Childhood mortality rates are decreasing in Cambodia.[9] Currently, the infant mortality rate is 45 deaths per 1,000 live births for the five-year period before the survey compared with 66 deaths reported in the 2005 CDHS and 95 in the 2000 CDHS. Under-five mortality rates have also decreased from 124 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000, 83 deaths in 2005 to 54 deaths per 1,000 in 2010.

Childhood mortality decreases markedly with mother's education and wealth. Infant mortality, for example, is twice as high among children whose mothers have no schooling compared to those with secondary or higher education (72 versus 31). The association with wealth is even stronger. There are 77 deaths per 1,000 live births among infants from the poorest households compared to only 23 deaths per 1,000 live births among infants from the richest households.

Mortality rates are much higher in rural than urban areas. Infant mortality, for example, is 64 deaths per 1,000 live births in rural areas compared to only 22 in urban areas. Mortality also differs by province. Infant mortality ranges from only 13 deaths per 1,000 live births in Phnom Penh to 78 deaths per 1,000 live births in Kampong Chhnang and Svay Rieng.

Life expectancy

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Life expectancy in Cambodia

In 1959, life expectancy at birth was 44.2 years for males and 43.3 years for females. By 1970, life expectancy had increased by about 2.5 years since 1945. The greater longevity for females apparently reflected improved health practices during maternity and childbirth.

Period Life expectancy in
Years 		Period Life expectancy in
Years
1950–1955 40.3 1985–1990 52.0
1955–1960 41.1 1990–1995 54.3
1960–1965 41.4 1995–2000 56.4
1965–1970 42.0 2000–2005 60.8
1970–1975 37.8 2005–2010 65.1
1975–1980 14.5 2010–2015 67.6
1980–1985 52.0

Source: UN World Population Prospects[14]

Ethnic groups

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Further information: Ethnic groups in Cambodia
 
An ethnic map of Cambodia from 1972.

The largest of the ethnic groups in Cambodia are the Khmer, who comprise 95.8% of the total population[4] and primarily inhabit the lowland Mekong sub region and the central plains.

The Khmer historically have lived near the lower Mekong River in a contiguous arc that runs from the southern Khorat Plateau where modern-day Thailand, Laos and Cambodia meet in the northeast, stretching southwest through the lands surrounding Tonle Sap lake to the Cardamom Mountains, then continues back southeast to the mouth of the Mekong River in southeastern Vietnam.

Ethnic groups in Cambodia other than the politically and socially dominant Khmer are classified as either "indigenous ethnic minorities" or "non-indigenous ethnic minorities". The indigenous ethnic minorities, more commonly collectively referred to as the Khmer Loeu ("upland Khmer"), constitute the majority in the remote mountainous provinces of Ratanakiri, Mondulkiri and Stung Treng and are present in substantial numbers in Kratie Province.

Approximately 17-21 separate ethnic groups, most of whom speak Austroasiatic languages related to Khmer, are included in the Khmer Loeu designation, including the Kuy and Tampuan people. These peoples are considered by the Khmer to be the aboriginal inhabitants of the land. Two of these highland groups, the Rade and the Jarai, are Chamic peoples who speak Austronesian languages descended from ancient Cham. These indigenous ethnic minorities haven't integrated into Khmer culture and follow their traditional animist beliefs.

Ethnic group % of total*
Khmer
95.8%
Chams
1.8%
Chinese
0.6%
Vietnamese
0.5%
Other
1.3%

The non-indigenous ethnic minorities include immigrants and their descendants who live among the Khmer and have adopted, at least nominally, Khmer culture and language. The three groups most often included are the Chinese Cambodians, Vietnamese and Cham peoples. The Chinese have immigrated to Cambodia from different regions of China throughout Cambodia's history, integrating into Cambodian society and today Chinese Cambodians or Cambodians of mixed Sino-Khmer ancestry dominate the business community, politics and the media. The Cham are descendants of refugees from the various wars of the historical kingdom of Champa. The Cham live amongst the Khmer in the central plains but in contrast to the Khmer who are Theravada Buddhists, the vast majority of Cham follow Islam.[15]

There are also small numbers of other minority groups. Tai peoples in Cambodia include the Lao along the Mekong at the northeast border, Thai (urban and rural), and the culturally Burmese Kola, who have visibly influenced the culture of Pailin Province. Even smaller numbers of recent Hmong immigrants reside along the Lao border and various Burmese peoples have immigrated to the capital, Phnom Penh.

Languages

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Languages of Cambodia
 
Poster in Khmer, 1954
OfficialKhmer
MainKhmer
Minority
Foreign
SignedCambodian Sign Language
Keyboard layout
Official language
Main article: Khmer language

Khmer is an Austroasiatic language spoken by over 90% of the Cambodian population.[16] The vast majority of Khmer speakers use the Central Khmer dialect. Central Khmer is the variety spoken in the central plain where the ethnic Khmers most heavily concentrate. Other Khmer dialects include the Phnom Penh variety, as well as Northern Khmer (Surin Khmer), Western Khmer (Cardamom Khmer), Southern Khmer (Khmer Krom), and the Khmer Khe dialect in Stung Treng province.

The Northern Khmer dialect is also spoken by over a million Khmers in the southern regions of Northeast Thailand. Western Khmer displays features of the Middle Khmer language, and is considered a conservative dialect. Southern Khmer is the first language of the Khmer Krom people in the Mekong Delta region in Vietnam.

Minority languages

According to Glottolog, 22 languages other than Khmer are spoken in Cambodia,[17] most of which are also Austroasiatic languages. Other Austroasiatic languages of Cambodia include Kuy, Por (Pear), Somray, Chong, Suoy, Sa'och, Tampuan, Kaco', Stieng, Mnong, Brao, Krung (Rade), and Sou (Laven).

Many of these languages are also spoken in Vietnam. Vietnamese itself is also spoken in parts of Cambodia.[18] Non-Austroasiatic minority languages of Cambodia include Cham and Jarai (Austronesian) as well as Thai and Lao (Tai-Kadai).

Languages of education

English and French are used to different extents in education.[19][20]

Sign language
  • Cambodian Sign Language

Religions

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Main article: Religion in Cambodia
Religion in Cambodia
Religion percent
Theravada Buddhism
 
 95.5%
Mahayana Buddhism
 
 1.6%
Islam
 
 2.0%
Christianity
 
 0.3%
Others
 
 0.5%
Buddhism: 97.1%, Islam: 2.0%, Christianity: 0.3%, Others: 0.5%

CIA World Factbook demographic statistics

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The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

Note: estimates for this country take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2016 est.)

Population growth rate

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  • 1.56% (2016 est.)
  • 1.698% (2011 est.)
  • 1.71% (2010 est.)
  • 1.77% (2009 est.)
  • 1.75% (2008 est.)

Sex ratio

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At birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.96 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.65 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.6 male(s)/female
Total Population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2016 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

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Total population: 64.5 years
Male: 62 years
Female: 67.1 years (2016 est.)
 
 

HIV/AIDS

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Adult prevalence rate

0.63% (2015 est.)

People living with HIV/AIDS

74,100 (2015 est.)
63,000 (2009 est.)
75,000 (2007 est.)

Deaths

1,000 (2011 est.)
2,000 (2015 est.)
3,100 (2009 est.)
6,900 (2007 est.)

Nationality

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Noun: Cambodian(s) or Khmer(s)
Adjective: Cambodian or Khmer

Urbanization

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Main article: List of cities and towns in Cambodia
Urban population: 39.4% of total population (2019)[21]
Rate of urbanization: 7.8% annual rate of change (2008—2019)

Literacy

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Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 88.5%
Male: 91.1%
Female: 86.2% (2019)

Education expenditure

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1.9% of GDP (2014)

Diaspora

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Countries with notable populations of Cambodians are:

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Demographics of Cambodia.
  1. ^ "Birth rate, crude (per 1,000 people) – Cambodia". World Bank. 8 June 2020.
  2. ^ "Life expectancy at birth, total (years) – Cambodia". World Bank. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
  3. ^ "Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) – Cambodia". World Bank. 7 June 2020.
  4. ^ a b "General Population Census of Cambodia 2019" (PDF). National Institute of Statistics, Cambodia, p. 33.
  5. ^ "Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision".
  6. ^ "United Nations Statistics Division – Demographic and Social Statistics". Archived from the original on 21 September 2004.
  7. ^ "International Travel and Migration Statistics". UNSD. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
  8. ^ "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". population.un.org. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
  9. ^ a b c d e "National Institute of Statistics CAMBODIA DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY 2010".
  10. ^ "Cambodia – Demographic and Health Survey 2010".
  11. ^ "National Health Survey 1998" (PDF). DHS Program. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.
  12. ^ "Cambodia demographic and health survey 2021-22" (Research report). DHS Program. June 2022. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
  13. ^ "Cambodia DHS, 2014 – Final Report (English)" (PDF).
  14. ^ "World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations". Retrieved 15 July 2017.
  15. ^ "Cambodia Ethnic Groups". Cambodia-travel.com. Archived from the original on 3 October 2018. Retrieved 2 September 2012.
  16. ^ Haiman, John. (2011). Cambodian : Khmer. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co. ISBN 978-90-272-8502-7. OCLC 758491354.
  17. ^ "Glottolog 4.3 – Languages". glottolog.org. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  18. ^ "Mother Tongue". Cambodia – Cambodia Inter-Censal Population Survey 2013, Count People and Households. Cambodian National Institute of Statistics. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 24 October 2017. Warning: these figures indicate the number of cases found in the data file. They cannot be interpreted as summary statistics of the population of interest.
  19. ^ "The World Factbook". 13 December 2022.
  20. ^ (in French) La langue française dans le monde, 2014, Éditions Nathan, p. 18.
  21. ^ "General Population Census 2019 of the Kingdom of Cambodia" (PDF). National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 24 October 2022.

  This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook (2024 ed.). CIA. (Archived 2008 edition.)

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