 | Review waiting, please be patient.
This may take 6 weeks or more, since drafts are reviewed in no specific order. There are 1,225 pending submissions waiting for review.
Where to get help
How to improve a draft
You can also browse Wikipedia:Featured articles and Wikipedia:Good articles to find examples of Wikipedia's best writing on topics similar to your proposed article. Improving your odds of a speedy review To improve your odds of a faster review, tag your draft with relevant WikiProject tags using the button below. This will let reviewers know a new draft has been submitted in their area of interest. For instance, if you wrote about a female astronomer, you would want to add the Biography, Astronomy, and Women scientists tags. Editor resources
Reviewer tools
|
| Battle of kabul 1995 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Afghan Civil War (1992–1996) | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Islamic State |
 Taliban  Pakistan[1] Al-Qaeda[2][3] *Supported by: Saudi Arabia[4][5][6][7][8][9] | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
Ahmad Shah Massoud Mohammad Panah X Mohammad FahimBurhanuddin Rabbani |
Muhammad OmarMullah Borjan XOsama bin Laden Benazir Bhutto | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Minor damages | heavy | ||||||||
Battle of kabul was a battle between the Islamic State of Afghanistan and the opposite side of the Taliban that took place in 1995 in kabul which was a decisive victory for the government force and a heavy defeat for the Taliban. After capturing the territory of Gulbuddin Hekmatyar and deposing of the Hezbe Wahdat, on 11 March the Taliban launched a massive campaign to capture Kabul. the war started in the south and west of Kabul between the Taliban and government forces.This was the first time that the Taliban faced the forces of Ahmad Shah Massoud,The Taliban suffered heavy losses and retreated to Logar.[11][12][13]
Background
editOn February 2, 1995, the Taliban captured Wardak, located 50 kilometers south of Kabul. For the first time, Hekmatyar's bases around the capital were threatened. The Taliban were advancing at lightning speed. On February 10, 1995, after fierce clashes that left 200 dead, they captured Maidan Shahr and then Mohammad Agha District the next day.Hekmatyar saw that he was caught between the government forces in the north and the Taliban in the south. The morale of his forces was rapidly decreasing. On February 14, 1995, Hekmatyar's headquarters in Char Asiab District was captured by the Taliban. His forces, who were very scared, fled to the east towards Jalalabad. The government army, under the command of Ahmad Shah Masoud, retreated into the city of Kabul.[14][15]In March 1995, the Taliban had captured almost one-third of Afghanistan they defeated Hezbe Wahdat and killed their leader Abdul Ali Mazari.[16]
The Battle
editon 6 March Ahmad Shah Massoud marched against the Hazaras and driving them out of kabul in desperation The Hazaras made a deal with the Taliban yielding their heavy weapons and positions to the Taliban in the meantime Ahmad Shah Massoud was not going allow the Taliban to replace the Hazaras in southern Kabul.On March 11 Ahmad Shah Massoud launched another pushing attack in order to drive out the Taliban from kabul,he drove the Taliban out of Kabul after bloody street fighting that left hundreds of Taliban in dead.This was the first major war in which the Taliban fought and lost. Their weak military structure and poor tactics ensured their defeat at the hands of Ahmad Shah Massoud's more experienced warriors.Kabul was at peace for almost 6 months.[17]
References
edit- ^ A Brief History of Afghanistan. Infobase. 2007. ISBN 978-1-4381-0819-3.
- ^ The Kirghiz and Wakhi of Afghanistan: Adaptation to Closed Frontiers and War. University of Washington Press. 20 September 2012. ISBN 978-0-295-80378-4.
- ^ Ruhland, Heike (October 20, 2019). Peacebuilding in Pakistan: A Study on the Religious Minorities and Initiatives for Interfaith Harmony. Waxmann Verlag. ISBN 978-3-8309-9121-2 – via Google Books.
- ^ Unending Crisis: National Security Policy After 9/11. University of Washington Press. July 2012. ISBN 978-0-295-80416-3.
- ^ Afghanistan's Endless War: State Failure, Regional Politics, and the Rise of the Taliban. University of Washington Press. July 2011. ISBN 978-0-295-80158-2.
- ^ A Different Kind of War: The United States Army in Operation ENDURING FREEDOM, October 2001 - September 2005. Government Printing Office. ISBN 978-0-16-086914-3.
- ^ Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001 (Pulitzer Prize Winner). Penguin. 28 December 2004. ISBN 978-1-101-22143-3.
- ^ The Taliban Courts in Afghanistan: Waging War by Law. Oxford University Press. 6 February 2024. ISBN 978-0-19-889677-7.
- ^ What Every American Should Know About the Rest of the World. Penguin. 29 April 2003. ISBN 978-1-101-21316-2.
- ^ https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2014/01/16/Af_chronology_1995-.pdf
- ^ Goodson, Larry P. (July 1, 2011). Afghanistan's Endless War: State Failure, Regional Politics, and the Rise of the Taliban. University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-80158-2 – via Google Books.
- ^ Pacific, United States Congress House Committee on International Relations Subcommittee on Asia and the (October 20, 1996). Afghanistan: Civil War Or Uncivil Peace? : Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, Second Session, May 9, 1996. U.S. Government Printing Office. ISBN 978-0-16-053910-7 – via Google Books.
- ^ https://www.ariaye.com/ketab/andeshmand/ketab.pdf
- ^ The Taliban and the Crisis of Afghanistan. Harvard University Press. 15 May 2009. ISBN 978-0-674-26286-7.
- ^ Ghosts of Afghanistan: The Haunted Battleground. Granta Publications. 6 October 2011. ISBN 978-1-84627-432-9.
- ^ Goodson, Larry P. (July 1, 2011). Afghanistan's Endless War: State Failure, Regional Politics, and the Rise of the Taliban. University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-80158-2 – via Google Books.
- ^ Rashid, Ahmed (April 30, 2010). Taliban: The Power of Militant Islam in Afghanistan and Beyond. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85771-728-3 – via Google Books.