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Hormuz Ullah Shayda | |
|---|---|
হরমুজ উল্লাহ শায়দা | |
| Personal | |
| Born | 27 June 1903 |
| Died | 2 December 1990 (aged 87) Sylhet, Bangladesh |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Hanafi |
| Education | Rebati Raman High School Daudia Junior Madrasa Sylhet Alia Madrasa Calcutta Alia Madrasa |
| Muslim leader | |
| Disciple of | Mullah Safiullah |
Disciples | |
| Chairman of Daudpur Union Council | |
| In office 5 May 1960 – 31 August 1965 | |
| Succeeded by | Maniruddin Ahmad |
Hormuz Ullah Shayda (Bengali: হরমুজ উল্লাহ শায়দা, Urdu: ہرمز اللہ شیدا; 27 June 1903 – 2 December 1990) was a Bengali Islamic scholar, researcher, professor and poet.
Early life and education
editHormuz Ullah was born on 27 June 1903,[4] to Bengali Muslim parents Muqim Ullah and Begum Daulatunnesa in the village of Turkhola in Sylhet District. His family was not well-off and so he had to rely on scholarships throughout his student life. The idea of receiving an education was threatened after the death of his elder brother, Suruj Ali. Baikuntha Babu, his teacher at the local primary school, noticed Hormuz Ullah's talent as he had topped the class exams from class one to class five, and therefore urged his father not to cease his studies. Hormuz Ullah was able to be admitted to the Rebati Raman High School in Moglabazar by means of the All-Assam Education Board Scholarship which offered scholarships to only 25 students. However, he left the school to join the Daudia Junior Madrasa in Daudpur after his mother's persistence. At the Daudpur madrasa, he studied Quran, hadith, literature, Arabic grammar, fiqh, Bengali, Urdu, Persian and mathematics. The Assam Board offered only twenty scholarships for Hedayatun Nahw (class 8), and Hormuz Ullah topped his class and received it. He also topped the class for Jamat-e-Jami (class 10).
Hormuz Ullah was then admitted to Sylhet Government Alia Madrasah in 1917 where he completed Islamic studies for two years up until fazil level. During his time in Sylhet, he first stayed in Kalighat Boarding for some time, then at the residence of Jitu Miah in Sheikhghat, then at the home of Habibullah in Bhatalia, and finally at the home of Syed Abdul Majid.[5] A few days before his fazil exams, Hormuz Ullah was affected by the kala zar epidemic. Despite this, the Assam Board offered its only scholarship for fazil students to Hormuz Ullah in addition to a gold medal for his excellent exam results.[6]
After taking 19 injections, Hormuz Ullah then set for the Calcutta Alia Madrasa in 1925. He stayed for ten to fifteen days at the home of Muhammad Husayn Sylhet, one of the teachers at the madrasa, in 11 Emdad Ali Lane. He then moved to room 40 in Iliet Hotel. He would have to go to hospital twice a week to receive injections. In Calcutta Alia Madrasa, he completed the Sihah-e-Sittah and 171 books of tafsir. The Anjuman-e Al-Islah student society was formed during his time in Calcutta. They would hold their weekly meetings every Saturday in the presence of the principal. Hormuz Ullah was nominated as its secretary-general in his third year. He was awarded with the title of Mamtazul Muhadditheen in 1928, receiving first-class (third place) in the honours list.[7] During his time in Calcutta, he gave bay'ah to Mullah Safiullah and received training from him in ilm-e-tasawwuf.
Career
editShayda began his career as the principal of Panti High Madrasa in Kushtia, Nadia district. In 1932, he became a teacher of Hadith studies at his alma mater, the Calcutta Alia Madrasa. During this time, he conducted research of unpublished books handwritten in various languages and created a catalogue. His research led to an invitation from the Nizam of Hyderabad who offered him a research scholarship and create a catalogue for books pertaining to chemistry. He accepted this offer, and returned to Calcutta thereafter, teaching various subjects such as hadith, tafsir, Arabic literature, Islamic jurisprudence, principles of Islamic jurisprudence, rhetoric, logic, Urdu and Persian.[6]
After the Partition of Bengal in 1947, Shayda relocated to the Government Madrasah-e-Alia in Dhaka. After teaching there for some time, Shayda later became the principal of the Sylhet Government Alia Madrasah. He was appointed as the superintendent of Alia madrasas on 1 March 1950. He retired in 1958.[6] In 1959, he participated in a debate in Goalabazar regarding the pronunciation of the Arabic letter ḍād. He also debated on the same topic in Habibpur in the same year and in Munshibazar in 1960.[5]
He set off for the Hajj pilgrimage in 1963, and engaged in religious discussions with the ulama of Medina. The Medinan authorities were impressed with his knowledge after he challenged an incorrect quotation of hadith of Prophet Muhammad and requested him to stay in Medina permanently, although Shayda refused this offer.
Returning from Hajj, Hormuz Ullah toured South Asia, delivering tafsir seminars across India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Bhutan. Hormuz Ullah was a proficient poet, and wrote qasidas in Bengali, Arabic, Persian and Urdu. He entered a Persian poetry competition overseen by Muhammad Iqbal in which competitors were given five minutes to display their talent. Iqbal was so impressed with Hormuz Ullah's poetry that he was allowed to continue for half an hour, eventually winning the competition and being awarded by Iqbal with the laqab (pen name) of 'Shayda'.
Shayda eventually established a building in Jalalpur Bazar dedicated to tafsir seminars and started regularly delivering them every Thursday afternoon from November 1975. The first entire tafsir was completed in November 1979. He also delivered tafsir classes in Islampur Jame Mosque in Fenchuganj and Daudpur Jame Mosque near his village. He came out of retirement and became a teacher at the Shafat Ali Senior Madrasa in Bhanugach for four years due to Md. Keramat Ali's persistence. Shayda was also invited to various ceremonies as a guest of honour such as the Inaugural Jalsa of Shompashi Madrasa,[8] and the Inaugural Jalsa of Satpur Kamil Madrasah.[9] On 11 May 1967, a conference was held at the Shah Jalal Dargah. A memorandum strictly calling for the prohibition of shirki practices was signed by the leading Islamic scholars from Sylhet including Hormuz Ullah Shayda, Mushahid Ahmad Bayampuri, Abdul Latif Chowdhury Fultali, Ibrahim Chatuli and Nur Uddin Gohorpuri.[10]
Towards the end of his life, Shayda was nominated as the first Chairman of Daudpur Union Council without any formal election being necessary.[11]
Death and legacy
editHormuz Ullah Shayda died on 2 December 1990. Prior to performing his janaza, Abdul Latif Chowdhury Fultali referred to him as a 'maqbul ashiq-e-rasool'. He was buried in Bahrul Uloom near Daudpur Jame Mosque.[6] His isaal-e-thawaab is held annually and the current guardian of his tomb is Muhammad Habibur Rahman.[12] His grandson, Faiz Ahmad, is the khatib of Shah Manzur Jame Mosque in Musargaon.[13] The Allama Hormuz Ullah Shayda (Rh.) Hafizia Madrasa and Orphanage, and Allama Hormuz Ullah Smriti Council were established in his honour.[14] As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, a virtual dua mahfil was organised by the Anjuman-e Al-Islah USA.[15]
Works
edit- Makhzan al-Firāsah (an explanation of Kitab al-Hamasah)
External links
editReferences
edit- ^ "স্মরণ: কবি ওয়ারিস আখতার বাঙালী". Daily Naya Diganta (in Bengali). 27 June 2018.
- ^ Amin, Ruhul (18 October 2020). "সিলেটের প্রবীণ মুহাদ্দিস মাওলানা শায়খ মাহমুদ হুসাইনের ইন্তেকাল". Sylhet Report (in Bengali).
- ^ Sirajnagari, Abdul Karim. তাশরীহুল আহাদীছ (in Bengali). p. 4.
- ^ Bismil, Mohammad Abdul Jaleel (1980). "الحاج مولیٰنا ہَرمز اللہ شیدا". سلہٹ میں اردو. Karachi: Anjuman-i Taraqqi-i Urdu. pp. 218–233.
- ^ a b Abdun Noor, Muhammad, উপমহাদেশের প্রখ্যাত হাদিস বিশারদ আল্লামা হরমুজ উল্লাহ শায়দা [The subcontinent's famous Hadith scholar Allama Hormuz Ullah Shayda] (in Bengali), Fenchuganj Mohammadi Fazil Madrasa
- ^ a b c d Laju, Rafiqur Rahman. "আল্লামা হরমুজ উল্লাহ শায়দা". Sylheter Dak (in Bengali).
- ^ Ali, Mahmood, Allama Hormuz Ullah, Birmingham
- ^ "History". Shompashi.org. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
- ^ Qutbuddin, Muhammad (15 November 2017). "ইলমে হাদিসের খিদমতে সৎপুর কামিল মাদ্রাসার রয়েছে যুগান্তকারী ইতিহাস - আল্লামা ইমাদ উদ্দিন চৌধুরী ফুলতলী" [The Satpur Kamila Madrasah has a breakthrough history in the service of Hadith studies - Allama Imad Uddin Chowdhury Fultali]. driknews (in Bengali). Lamakazi. Retrieved 7 July 2020.
- ^ Sripuri, Harunur Rashid (September 2011). "শিরক উচ্ছেদকারী সাধকের কবর শিরক-ওরসের কেন্দ্র হতে পারে না" [The grave of a saint who renounces shirk cannot be the centre of shirk-urs]. Al-Kawsar (in Bengali).
- ^ "পূর্বতন চেয়ারম্যানবৃন্দ" [Former chairmen]. Daudpur Union Council (in Bengali). Retrieved 19 November 2022.
- ^ "সাংবাদিক আব্দুল খালিকের পিতা মনির আলীর সুস্থতা কামনায় দোয়া মাহফিল". Sylheti News (in Bengali). 3 August 2022.
- ^ "মাওলানা ফয়েজ আহমদের মাতার মৃত্যুতে তুরুকখলা হাড়িয়ারচর গ্রাম উন্নয়ন কমিটির শোক". Dream Sylhet (in Bengali). 17 September 2020.
- ^ "শাহছুফি হাফেজ মো: মনির উদ্দিন (রহ.) ৫ম মৃত্যু বার্ষিকী পালিত". Shubho Protidin (in Bengali). 19 October 2021.
- ^ "আল্লামা হরমুজ উল্লাহ শায়দা সাহেবের ঈসালে সাওয়াব উপলক্ষে দোয়া মাহফিল". Janomot (in Bengali). 30 December 2020.
Category:20th-century Bengalis Category:People from Dakshin Surma Upazila Category:1903 births Category:1990 deaths Category:Sylhet Government Alia Madrasah alumni Category:Bengali Muslim scholars of Islam Category:Bangladeshi Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam Category:Academic staff of Sylhet Government Alia Madrasah Category:Urdu-language poets Category:Persian-language poets