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Pyrosomatinae are a subfamily[1] of tunicates sometimes called True pyrosomes.
| Pyrosomatinae | |
|---|---|
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| Pyrosoma atlanticum | |
Least Concern (LC)
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| Scientific classification | |
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| Kingdom: | |
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| Subfamily: | Pyrosomatinae
Lahille, 1888
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| Type species | |
| Pyrosoma atlanticum Péron, 1804
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Description
editPyrosomatinae colonies can be cylindrical or cone-shaped, reaching up to a couple centimeters to a couple inches or feet in length, and are composed of hundreds of individual zooids. These colonies can vary significantly in size, from less than a centimeter to several feet in length. Each zooid, although only a few millimeters in size, is embedded in a common gelatinous tunic that unites all individuals within the colony. Zooids open both to the inside and outside of the tube-shaped colony, drawing ocean water inward through an internal filtering mesh known as the branchial basket. This process allows them to extract microscopic plant cells on which they feed, subsequently expelling the filtered water into the interior of the colony. The external appearance of the colony is bumpy, with each bump representing a single zooid, while the interior is relatively smooth, punctuated by openings for each zooid. They commonly appear pink.
Taxonomy
editThere are 2 genera and 6 species according to WoRMS.
- Subfamily Pyrosomatinae Lahille, 1888
- Genus Pyrosoma Péron, 1804
- Pyrosoma aherniosum Seeliger, 1895
- Pyrosoma atlanticum[2] Péron, 1804
- Pyrosoma godeauxi van Soest, 1981
- Pyrosoma ovatum Neumann, 1909
- Genus Pyrosomella van Soest, 1979
- Pyrosomella operculata (Neumann, 1909)
- Pyrosomella verticillata (Neumann, 1909)
- Genus Pyrosoma Péron, 1804
Blooms
editPyrosomatinae often make giant blooms manly in Alaska and Africa where they reproduce and bloom in great numbers commonly killing off native fish and then the fishing industry cannot catch many fish, and they break fishing nets often starving people.[3]
References
edit- ^ "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Pyrosomatinae Lahille, 1888". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2024-10-19.
- ^ "Subfamily Pyrosomatinae". iNaturalist. Retrieved 2024-10-19.
- ^ "Pyrosomella". Justapedia. 2024-10-16. Retrieved 2024-10-19.