Colonel Edward James Saunderson PC DL JP (1 October 1837 – 21 October 1906) was an Anglo-Irish landowner and prominent Irish unionist politician. He led the Irish Unionist Alliance between 1891 and 1906.
Edward James Saunderson | |
|---|---|
 Photograph of Colonel Saunderson, c. 1891 | |
| 1st Leader of the Ulster Unionist Party | |
| In office 1905–1906 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Walter Long |
| 1st Leader of the Irish Unionist Alliance | |
| In office 1891–1906 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Walter Long |
| Member of Parliament for North Armagh | |
| In office 18 December 1885 – 21 October 1906 | |
| Preceded by | Constituency established |
| Succeeded by | William Moore |
| Member of Parliament for Cavan | |
| In office 23 July 1865 – 31 January 1874 Serving with The 5th Earl Annesley | |
| Preceded by | |
| Succeeded by | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1 October 1837 Castle Saunderson, Belturbet, County Cavan, Ireland |
| Died | 21 October 1906 (aged 69)[1] Castle Saunderson, Belturbet, County Cavan, Ireland |
| Citizenship | British |
| Political party | Irish Unionist Alliance Ulster Unionist Party |
| Other political affiliations |
|
| Spouse | Helena Emily de Moleyns |
| Children | 5 |
| Parent(s) | Alexander Saunderson Sarah Juliana Maxwell |
| Residence | Castle Saunderson |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland |
| Branch/service |  British Army |
| Years of service | 1862–1893 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Unit | Royal Irish Fusiliers |
| Commands | 4th Battalion, Royal Irish Fusiliers |
Early life
edit
Saunderson was born at the family seat of Castle Saunderson, near Belturbet in County Cavan. He was the younger son of Colonel Alexander Saunderson, who served as the Tory Member of Parliament (MP) for Cavan, and The Hon. Sarah Juliana Maxwell.
His maternal grandfather was Henry Maxwell, 6th Baron Farnham. The Irish Saundersons were a 17th-century branch of an old family, originally from Durham; a Lincolnshire branch, the Saundersons of Saxby, held the titles of Viscount Castleton (Irish: created 1628) and Baron Saunderson (British: created 1714) up to 1723. Saunderson was educated abroad, mostly in Nice by private tutors, and inherited his father's County Cavan estates following his death in 1857.[2]
Career
editSaunderson was first elected to the Parliament of the United Kingdom as the Palmerstonian Liberal member for Cavan in 1865. In 1869, he became a Conservative. Other than opposing the disestablishment of the Irish church in 1869, he otherwise gave little sign of political interest or activity at this stage. Saunderson lost his seat to the Home Rule League candidates, Joseph Biggar and Charles Joseph Fay, at the 1874 general election.
In 1885, he stood again for Parliament and was elected as a Conservative for the North Armagh constituency.[3] By this stage, he had become a prominent figure in the Orange Order and in the unionist political movement. He retained his North Armagh seat in the 1886 election. He was subsequently involved in organising the establishment of the Irish Unionist Alliance (IUA), a political party which sought to unite the unionist movement across Ireland. He became the IUA's first leader in 1891, a position which he held until his death. Saunderson became known for his uncompromising speeches in the House of Commons, and he was nicknamed "the Dancing Dervish" by friends and opponents. He was invested as a member of Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council in 1898 in recognition of his political service.[4]
Saunderson had entered the Cavan militia (4th battalion Royal Irish Fusiliers) in 1862, and was made a major in 1875. He became a colonel in 1886 and was in command of the battalion from 1891 to 1893.[2] In March 1893, Saunderson was one of the signatories of the manifesto of the Ulster Defence Union, launched to organise resistance to the Second Home Rule Bill of 1893.[5]
He was a Justice of the Peace and Deputy Lieutenant for Cavan,[6][7] and was appointed High Sheriff of Cavan in 1859. He served as the grand master of the Orange Order lodge in Belfast from 1901 to 1903.[4]
Personal life
editOn 22 June 1865 he married The Hon. Helena Emily de Moleyns, a daughter of Thomas de Moleyns, 3rd Baron Ventry and the former Eliza Theodora Blake (a daughter of Sir John Blake, 11th Baronet).[8] Together the couple had four sons (two of whom were British Army officers) and a daughter, including:[9]
- Rosa Sarah Saunderson (1867–1952), who married Maj. Henry Nugent Head, a son of Henry Haswell Head, in 1892.[10][11]
- Somerset Francis Saunderson (1868–1927), who married Marie Satterfield, a daughter of John M. Satterfield, and former wife of Count Franz Joseph von Larisch.[12][13]
- Armar Dayrolles Saunderson (1872–1952), who married Anne Mills Archbold,[14] a daughter of John Dustin Archbold, in 1906.[15] They divorced and he married Mrs. Rose Hogg (d. 1955) of Bagnor Manor, in 1922.
- John Vernon Saunderson (1878–1960), who married Hon. Eva Norah Helen Mulholland, a daughter of Henry Mulholland, 2nd Baron Dunleath, in 1910.[16]
In his private life, Saunderson was well known as a keen yachtsman, and his character was deeply marked by stern religious feeling.[2] He was a devout Evangelical Anglican.
He died of pneumonia in 1906.[4] In 1910, a statue, erected by public subscription, was unveiled at Portadown.
Descendants
editIn 1947,[17] his grandson, Alexander Saunderson (1917–2004),[18] married Princess Louise (née Louise Astor Van Alen), great-granddaughter of Titanic victim, John Jacob Astor IV, and the ex-wife of two different Georgian Mdivani princes.[19][20][21][22] They remained married until her death in 1998.[23]
Through his daughter Rosa, he was a grandfather of Col. Henry William Nugent Head (1898–1964), who married Ruth M. Kresge, daughter of American chain store executive Sebastian S. Kresge. A prominent sportsman, in 1928 he hunted with Theodore and Kermit Roosevelt, who was his best man at his wedding to Ruth in 1933.[24]
Bibliography
edit- Reginald Lucas, Memoir (1908).
- "Col. Saunderson Dead.", The New York Times, 22 October 1906.
References
edit- ^ "Colonel Saunderson, M.P. death". The Times. 22 October 1906. p. 9 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ a b c One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Saunderson, Edward James". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 237.
- ^ "Colonel Saunderson Obituary". The Times. 22 October 1906. p. 9. Retrieved 20 June 2021.
- ^ a b c "COL. SAUNDERSON DEAD.; Long a Member of Parliament -- A Fierce Enemy of the Home Rulers". The New York Times. 22 October 1906.
- ^ Jackson, Alvin (1995). Colonel Edward Saunderson: Land and Loyalty in Victorian Ireland. Oxford University Press. p. 116. ISBN 978-0-19-820498-5.
- ^ "No. 7925". The Edinburgh Gazette. 2 February 1869. p. 134.
- ^ "IRELAND". The Daily News. London. 15 September 1846. p. 4 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ 'Obituary: Mrs Saunderson', The Times, 20 January 1926
- ^ Lucas, Reginald (1908). Colonel Saunderson, M. P.: A Memoir. J. Murray. p. 393. ISBN 9780841456273.
- ^ "The Marriage of Rosa and Lieutenant Henry Nugent Head". Belfast News-Letter. 29 December 1892. p. 7.
- ^ Burke, Bernard (1898). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain & Ireland. Harrison & sons. p. 195.
- ^ "COUNT'S TALE OF EXTORTION.; Austrian Nobleman Who Married Miss Satterfield Testifies Against Money Lenders". The New York Times. 21 October 1903.
- ^ "Mrs. Peabody Is Wed to Demeter Larisch". The New York Times. 24 March 1946.
- ^ times, Special to the New York (28 March 1968). "ANNE ARCHBOLD, SPORTSWOMAN, 94; Holder fof [sic] Records for Big Game fish Dies in Nassau". The New York Times.
- ^ "MISS ARCHBOLD MARRIED.; Standard Oil Man's Daughter Weds Son of British M.P. in Clubhouse". The New York Times. 16 June 1906.
- ^ Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage, and Companionage. Kelly's Directories. 1916. p. 308.
- ^ "MRS. L. A. MDIVANI BRIDE IN NEWPORT; Former Louise Van Alen Wed in Historic Trinity Church to Alexander Saunderson". The New York Times. 20 August 1947.
- ^ "Paid Notice: Deaths SAUNDERSON, ALEXANDER". The New York Times. 12 September 2004.
- ^ Moore, Steven. Archives: Ulsterman to marry Georgian Princess The Belfast News Letter, 25 August 1999
- ^ "LOUISE VAN ALEN WEDS PRINCE MDIVANI MAY 15; Wedding to Take Place in Wakehurst, Bride-Elect's Homeof Newport". The New York Times. 22 March 1931.
- ^ "LOUISE A. VAN ALEN IS WED TO PRINCE; Simplicity Marks Marriage to Alexis Mdivani at Mother's Newport Villa. ONLY RELATIVES PRESENT Ceremony Takes Place in Room Where Bride Was Christened-- They Plan Tour of Europe". The New York Times. 16 May 1931.
- ^ "SERGE MDIVANI LEFT ESTATE OF $478,631; Half Goes to Widow, Former Louise Astor Van Alen". The New York Times. 1 February 1939.
- ^ "Paid Notice: Deaths SAUNDERSON, LOUISE ASTOR VAN ALEN". The New York Times. 1998.
- ^ "Col. Henry W.N. Head, 66, Dies; Sportsman and British Officer". The New York Times. 17 June 1964.
External links
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