Wikipedia

List of estrogen esters

(Redirected from Estrone ester)

This is a list of estrogen esters, or ester prodrugs of estrogens. It includes esters, as well as ethers, of steroidal estrogens like estradiol, estrone, and estriol and of nonsteroidal estrogens like the stilbestrols diethylstilbestrol and hexestrol.

Estradiol, the base estrogen of most estrogen esters.

Esters of steroidal estrogens

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Estradiol esters

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Marketed

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Many esters of estradiol have been marketed, including the following major esters:[1][2]

And the following less commonly used esters:[1][2]

The following nitrogen mustard ester of estradiol is a cytostatic antineoplastic agent and has been marketed:[1][2]

Never marketed

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A number of other estradiol esters which have not been marketed include:[2]

The following cytostatic antineoplastic nitrogen mustard esters of estradiol have not been marketed:[2]

  • Alestramustine (estradiol 3-(bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate), 17-ester with L-alanine)
  • Atrimustine (KM-2210; bestrabucil, busramustine)
  • Estradiol mustard (NSC-112259; chlorphenacyl estradiol diester)
  • Estramustine (Leo 275; Ro 21-8837)
  • Estromustine (Leo 271 f; estrone 17β-3-N-bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate, estrone–cytostatic complex)

Estrone esters

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Marketed

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Esters of estrone that have been marketed include:[1][2]

Never marketed

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Other estrone esters which are notable but have not been marketed include:

Estriol esters

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Marketed

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Esters of estriol that have been marketed include:[1][2]

Never marketed

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The following ester of estriol was never marketed:

Ethinylestradiol esters

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Marketed

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The following esters of ethinylestradiol exist and have been marketed:[1][2]

Never marketed

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Esters of other steroidal estrogens

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Marketed

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The following esters of other estrogens exist and have been marketed:[1]

Ethers of steroidal estrogens

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Marketed

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A number of estrogen ethers also exist and have been marketed, including:[22][1]

Never marketed

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A few other estrogen ethers which are notable but have not been marketed include:[22]

Esters of nonsteroidal estrogens

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Diethylstilbestrol esters

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Marketed

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Major esters of diethylstilbestrol include:

  • Diethylstilbestrol dipropionate (Agostilben, Biokeral, Clinestrol, Cyclen, Estilbin, Estril, Neobenzoestrol, Orestol, Oroestrol, Ostregenin, Prostilbene, Stilbestriol DP, Stilboestrolum Dipropionicum, Stilboestrol, Synestrin, Willestrol)
  • Fosfestrol (diethylstilbestrol diphosphate) (Honvan, Difostilben, Fosfostilben, Fostrolin, Stilbol, Stilphostrol, Vagestrol)

Less commonly used esters of diethylstilbestrol include:

Never marketed

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As well as the following nitrogen mustard ester:

  • ICI-85966 (Stilbostat; diethylstilbestrol bis(di(2-chloroethyl)carbamate))

Hexestrol esters

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Marketed

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Never marketed

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The following nitrogen mustard ester of hexestrol was never marketed:

  • Phenestrol (fenestrol; hexestrol bis[4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenylacetate)

Esters of other nonsteroidal estrogens

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Marketed

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Ethers of nonsteroidal estrogens

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Diethylstilbestrol

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Marketed

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  • Diethylstilbestrol monobenzyl ether (benzelstilbestrol) (Monozol, Hypantin, Pituitrope)
  • Dimestrol (dianisylhexene, diethylstilbestrol dimethyl ether, dimethoxydiethylstilbestrol) (Depot-Ostromon, Synthila)
  • Mestilbol (diethylstilbestrol monomethyl ether) (Monomestro or Monomestrol)

See also

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References

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  2. ^ a b c d e f g h A. D. Roberts (1991). Dictionary of Steroids: Chemical Data, Structures, and Bibliographies. CRC Press. p. 415. ISBN 978-0-412-27060-4. Retrieved 20 May 2012.
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  4. ^ "R&D Research". Archived from the original on 2017-09-29. Retrieved 2018-06-25.
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  10. ^ a b c Hussain MA, Aungst BJ, Shefter E (January 1988). "Prodrugs for improved oral beta-estradiol bioavailability". Pharm. Res. 5 (1): 44–7. doi:10.1023/A:1015863412137. PMID 3244608. S2CID 7308414.
  11. ^ a b c Lokind, Kenneth B.; Lorenzen, Finn Hjort; Bundgaard, Hans (1991). "Oral bioavailability of 17β-estradiol and various ester prodrugs in the rat". International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 76 (1–2): 177–182. doi:10.1016/0378-5173(91)90356-S. ISSN 0378-5173.
  12. ^ a b Falconi G, Galletti F, Celasco G, Gardi R (November 1972). "Oral long-lasting estrogenic activity of estradiol 3-benzoate 17-cyclooctenyl ether". Steroids. 20 (5): 627–38. doi:10.1016/0039-128X(72)90020-7. PMID 4654978.
  13. ^ Galletti F, Gardi R (April 1974). "Effect of two orally active estradiol derivatives on sulfobromphthalein retention in rats". Pharmacol Res Commun. 6 (2): 135–45. doi:10.1016/s0031-6989(74)80021-4. PMID 4438394.
  14. ^ Ralph I. Dorfman (5 December 2016). Steroidal Activity in Experimental Animals and Man. Elsevier Science. pp. 36–. ISBN 978-1-4832-7299-3.
  15. ^ Janocko, Laura; Larner, Janice M.; Hochberg, Richard B. (1984). "The Interaction of C-17 Esters of Estradiol with the Estrogen Receptor*". Endocrinology. 114 (4): 1180–1186. doi:10.1210/endo-114-4-1180. ISSN 0013-7227. PMID 6705734.
  16. ^ Dahlgren E, Crona N, Janson PO, Samsioe G (1985). "Oral replacement with estradiol-cyclooctyl acetate: a new estradiol analogue. Effects on serum lipids, proteins, gonadotrophins, estrogens and uterine endometrial morphology". Gynecol. Obstet. Invest. 20 (2): 84–90. doi:10.1159/000298978. PMID 3932144.
  17. ^ Luisi M, Kicovic PM, Alicicco E, Franchi F (1978). "Effects of estradiol decanoate in ovariectomized women". J. Endocrinol. Invest. 1 (2): 101–6. doi:10.1007/BF03350355. PMID 755846. S2CID 38187367.
  18. ^ a b Gleason CH, Parker JM (1959). "The duration of activity of the benziloyl hydrazones of testosterone-17-heptanoate, estrone-3-heptanoate and 17α-hydroxy-progesterone-17-heptanoate". Endocrinology. 65 (3): 508–511. doi:10.1210/endo-65-3-508. ISSN 0013-7227. PMID 13828402.
  19. ^ George W.A Milne (8 May 2018). Drugs: Synonyms and Properties: Synonyms and Properties. Taylor & Francis. pp. 1406–. ISBN 978-1-351-78989-9.
  20. ^ a b Elger W, Palme HJ, Schwarz S (April 1998). "Novel oestrogen sulfamates: a new approach to oral hormone therapy". Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 7 (4): 575–89. doi:10.1517/13543784.7.4.575. PMID 15991994.
  21. ^ Elger W, Schwarz S, Hedden A, Reddersen G, Schneider B (December 1995). "Sulfamates of various estrogens are prodrugs with increased systemic and reduced hepatic estrogenicity at oral application". J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 55 (3–4): 395–403. doi:10.1016/0960-0760(95)00214-6. PMID 8541236. S2CID 31312.
  22. ^ a b J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
  23. ^ Patel JU, Prankerd RJ, Sloan KB (October 1994). "A prodrug approach to increasing the oral potency of a phenolic drug. 1. Synthesis, characterization, and stability of an O-(imidomethyl) derivative of 17 beta-estradiol". J Pharm Sci. 83 (10): 1477–81. doi:10.1002/jps.2600831022. PMID 7884673.
  24. ^ Patel J, Katovich MJ, Sloan KB, Curry SH, Prankerd RJ (February 1995). "A prodrug approach to increasing the oral potency of a phenolic drug. Part 2. Pharmacodynamics and preliminary bioavailability of an orally administered O-(imidomethyl) derivative of 17 beta-estradiol". J Pharm Sci. 84 (2): 174–8. doi:10.1002/jps.2600840210. PMID 7738796.
  25. ^ a b Thomas L. Lemke; David A. Williams (24 January 2012). Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 1395–. ISBN 978-1-60913-345-0.
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