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George Campbell Childress (January 8, 1804 – October 6, 1841) was a lawyer, politician, and a principal author of the Texas Declaration of Independence.
Early life
editChildress was born on January 8, 1804, in Nashville, Tennessee, to John Campbell Childress and Elizabeth Robertson Childress. His sister Matilda married U.S. Supreme Court associate justice John Catron.[1]
In 1826, Childress attended and graduated from Davidson Academy. Two years later, he was admitted to the Tennessee Bar. George C. Childress studied law for two years later he became chief editor for the Nashville Banner which he remained for 10 years.[2]
Texas
edit
After spending some time raising money and volunteers in Tennessee for the Texas army, Childress left permanently for Texas. He arrived at the Red River on December 13, 1835, then illegally crossed the Red River into the nation of Mexico in violation of the Law of April 6, 1830.[3][4] He reached Robertson's Colony on January 9, 1836. The following February he and his uncle, Sterling C. Robertson, were elected to represent Milam Municipality (formerly known as Viesca) at the Convention of 1836. Childress called the convention to order and subsequently introduced a resolution authorizing a committee of five members to draft a Declaration of Independence. Upon adoption of the resolution, he was named chairman of the committee by Richard Ellis (the other members of the committee were Edward Conrad, James Fannin, Bailey Hardeman, and Collin McKinney). The committee finished the drafting in only one day, leading many to believe that Childress had gone to the convention with a draft already prepared (as such, Childress is almost universally acknowledged as the primary author of the document and a newspaper article for his brother Wyatt's memorial states George wrote it in his brother's blacksmith shop).
The convention approved the document on March 2, 1836. The document is modeled closely on the United States Declaration of Independence, where most of the signatories had moved from, often illegally. Although the document is dated March 2, the actual signing took place on March 3, after errors were discovered when it was read. On March 19, 1836, Childress and Robert Hamilton were sent to the United States to gain recognition of the new Republic of Texas. They were later replaced by James Collinsworth and Peter W. Grayson.
Death and legacy
editIn despair following several unsuccessful attempts at establishing a law practice that would support his family, on October 6, 1841, while living in Galveston, Childress took a Bowie knife and committed suicide by cutting open his abdomen.[2]
Childress County, Texas[2] and the city of Childress, Texas, are named in his honor.[5] In 1936, the year of the Texas Centennial, the state erected a statue of Childress in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas.[6]
References
edit- ^ Correspondence of James K. Polk. Vol. 3. pp. 14n2.
- ^ a b c Ericson, Joe E. (June 12, 2010). "Childress, George Campbell". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved August 26, 2018.
- ^ Steen, Ralph W. "Provisional Government". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved October 10, 2011.
- ^ Webb, James; Duvall, Thomas (1849). "Sam Houston v The Administrators of the Estate of Sterling C. Robertson, Appeal from Travis County". Reports of Cases Argued and Decided in the Supreme Court of the State of Texas during December term 1847. Vol II. Galveston: The News Office. pp. 1–36.
- ^ Brands, H. W. (February 8, 2005). Lone Star Nation. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-4000-9634-3.
- ^ Shuffler, R. Henderson (January 1962). "The Signing of Texas' Declaration of Independence: Myth and Record". The Southwestern Historical Quarterly. 65 (3): 310–332. JSTOR 30236204.
