Help:IPA/Icelandic

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Icelandic language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters. This key is allophonic which means that it encodes main allophones of the distinctive sounds.

See Icelandic phonology and Icelandic orthography § Spelling-to-sound correspondence for a more thorough look at the sounds of Icelandic.

Consonants IPA Examples English approximation c getaⓘ, Gjögurⓘ skew cʰ kær, kjör cute cː baggi, seggja American backgammon ç hjá hue ð góðurⓘ weather f fóturⓘ, skipta foot fː kaffi off-field ɣ flugaⓘ Spanish trigo h hafiðⓘ hound hc ekki skew (with an h sound before it) hk drekkaⓘ sky (with an h sound before it) hp stoppaⓘ spy (with an h sound before it) ht nóttⓘ sty (with an h sound before it) j jú, lagi, segja, égⓘ yes k glápaⓘ, strákurⓘ sky kʰ Katlaⓘ kite kː hryggur stockgirl l loknⓘ leap l̥ hljóð...ⓘ, stelpaⓘ, sólⓘ same as above but voiceless, like hl lː bollaⓘ, ulla Italian bella m myllaⓘ, hefndⓘ moon m̥ lampi, nefntⓘ same as above but voiceless, like hm mː hlemmur roommate n níu noon n̥ hnífur, einn same as above but voiceless, like hn nː brenna, þann unknown ɲ lengi canyon ɲ̊ banki same as above but voiceless, like hny ŋ ungs sing ŋ̊ þungt, einka-ⓘ same as above but voiceless, like hng p bærⓘ, gaupa, skafl spy pʰ parⓘ pie pː kobbi flipbook r rósⓘ ring, but trilled r̥ Hrólfurⓘ same as above but voiceless, like hr rː marra Italian terra s sparaⓘ between sip and ship (retracted) sː hvassⓘ between this sip and trash ship (retracted) t dísⓘ, maturⓘ, karlⓘ, hællⓘ, einn sty tʰ taskaⓘ tie tː oddur out-do θ þauⓘ, maðkurⓘ, baðⓘ think v völlurⓘ, lofaⓘ very x sjúkt, sagt, lagⓘ Scottish loch xʷ hver why (without the wine–whine merger)

Vowels IPA Examples English approximation Monophthongs a taskaⓘ art aː takaⓘ father ɛ stelpaⓘ, erlendur bet ɛː stelaⓘ roughly like yes i fı́nt, sýndi leaf iː Íslandⓘ, hlýt leave ɪ milliⓘ, myllaⓘ kit ɪː sinⓘ, ryðⓘ kid ɔ lognⓘ, traktor hot ɔː lofaⓘ roughly like water œ börnⓘ nurse œː örⓘ, öl French feu, but longer; German schön u ungur pull uː þúⓘ pool ʏ hundurⓘ German Mütter; like kit with lips rounded ʏː flugaⓘ German schön; like kid with lips rounded Diphthongs ai hællⓘ "flat" my or "Brit" map aiː læsaⓘ might au skáld a louse auː lásⓘ allow ei einka-ⓘ "flat" Tuesday eiː skeiðⓘ day ɔi bogi choice ou dóttirⓘ "flat" pottato ouː sólⓘ, prófaⓘ goal œy laust Scottish or "Canadian" rite œyː augaⓘ ʏi hugi No clear English equivalent, similar to gooey Other symbols IPA Explanation ˈ◌ primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable, e.g. langur [ˈlauŋkʏr̥]) ˌ◌ secondary stress (placed before the stressed syllable, e.g. afmælisdagur [ˈamailɪsˌtaːɣʏr̥])

Bibliography

• Rögnvaldsson, Eiríkur (2013). Hljóðkerfi og orðhlutakerfi íslensku (PDF) (in Icelandic). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-06.
• Árnason, Kristján (2011). The Phonology of Icelandic and Faroese. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-922931-4.
• Gussmann, Edmund (2011). "Getting your head around: the vowel system of Modern Icelandic" (PDF). Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia. 12: 71–90. ISBN 978-83-232-2296-5.
• Haugen, Einar (1958). "The Phonemics of Modern Icelandic". Language. 34 (1): 55–88. doi:10.2307/411276. JSTOR 411276.
• Volhardt, Marc Daniel Skibsted (2011). Islændinges udtale af dansk. En sammenlignende analyse af lydsystemerne i islandsk og dansk, og islandske studerendes danskudtale (Bachelor's degree essay) (in Danish). Reykjavík: University of Iceland.

See also

• Category:Pages with Icelandic IPA (1,379)