Chokri, (also known as Chakrü, Chakhesang and Eastern Angami) is one of three languages spoken by the Chakhesang Naga of Phek district, Nagaland state, India.[2] There are also some Chokri speakers residing in the Senapati District of Manipur.[2] In 1991, it was estimated that there were 20,000 native Chokri speakers.[3]
| Chokri | |
|---|---|
| Native to | India |
| Region | Nagaland |
| Ethnicity | Chakhesang Naga |
Native speakers | 111,062 (2011 census)[1] |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | nri |
| Glottolog | chok1243 |
| ELP | Chokri Naga |
Phonology
edit| Labial | Alveolar/Retroflex | (Alveolo-) palatal |
Velar | Glottal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | sibilant | lateral | ||||||
| Nasal | voiced | m | n | (ɲ) | (ŋ) | |||
| voiceless | m̥ | n̥ | ||||||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | t͡s | (t͡ɕ) | k | ||
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | t͡sʰ | (t͡ɕʰ) | kʰ | |||
| voiced | b | d | d͡z | (d͡ʑ) | ɡ | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | s | (ɕ) | h | ||||
| voiced | v | z | (ʑ) | (ɣ) | ||||
| Liquid | voiceless | ɻ̊ | l̥ | |||||
| voiced | ɻ | l | ||||||
- /b/ is heard as a fricative [β] when before /ɯ/.
- /p/ is heard as [pf] when before /ɨ/.
- /m/ is heard as [ɱ] when before high back vowels.
- /ts, tsʰ, dz/ is heard as [tɕ, tɕʰ, dʑ], /s, z/ as [ʑ, ɕ], and /n/ as [ɲ], all occurring when before /i/.
- /n/ is heard as [ŋ] between two high back vowels.
- /k, kʰ/ can also be heard as [q, qʰ], /ɡ/ as [ɣ], /ɻ/ as [ɣ, ʁ], and /ɻ̊/ as [χ] all occurring in free variation.
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ | u | ɯ |
| Mid | e | o | ||
| Open | a | |||
Script
editThe Chokri language is largely written in the Latin script.[4]
References
edit- ^ "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
- ^ a b Chokri language at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ a b c Bielenberg, Brian; Zhalie, Nienu (Fall 2001). "Chokri (Phek Dialect): Phonetics and Phonology" (PDF). Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area. 24 (2): 85–122. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
- ^ Sachdeva, Rajesh (2001). Language Education in Nagaland: Sociolinguistic Dimensions. Regency Publications. ISBN 9788187498339.
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