Krishna Ballabh Sahay (31 December 1898 – 3 June 1974), popularly known as K. B. Sahay, was an Indian freedom fighter, who after Indian independence became the revenue minister of Bihar and then the fourth Chief Minister of unified Bihar.[1][2]
Krishna Ballabh Sahay | |
|---|---|
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| Member Bihar Legislative Council | |
| In office 1937–1939 | |
| Member of Constituent Assembly of India | |
| In office 9 December 1946 – 26 January 1950 | |
| Preceded by | Post Created |
| Succeeded by | Post Abolished |
| Revenue Minister, Government of Bihar | |
| In office 20 April 1947 – 2 August 1962 | |
| Chief Minister | S K Singh |
| Member Bihar Legislative Assembly | |
| In office 1952–1967 | |
| Constituency | Giridih |
| 4th Chief Minister of Bihar | |
| In office 2 October 1963 – 5 March 1967 | |
| Preceded by | Binodanand Jha |
| Succeeded by | Mahamaya Prasad Sinha |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 31 December 1898 Sheikhpura, Bengal Presidency, British India (present-day Bihar, India) |
| Died | 3 June 1974 (aged 75) Hazaribagh, Bihar, India (present-day Jharkhand, India) |
| Political party | Indian National Congress |
| Alma mater | St. Columba's College |
| Profession | Social Activist, Politician |
| Signature |  |
| Nickname | K B Sahay |
Early life
editKrishna Ballabh Sahay, popularly known as K B Sahay was born to an Ambashtha Kayastha Hindu family on 31 December 1898 in Sheikhpura[3] in Patna district of Bihar. He was the eldest son of Munshi Ganga Prasad, who served as a Darogha[3] under British Rule British Raj at Padma Hazaribagh. In 1919, he graduated with first class in B.A. Hons. English from St. Columba's College, Hazaribagh then affiliated to Calcutta University.
Awards
editHe was awarded the Sir Edward Albert Gait's Gold Medal from the then Governor of Bihar and Orissa Sir Edward Gait for his excellence in English Language for his coherence & cohesion. His works are kept in Bihar Assembly.[citation needed] Indian National Congress Pays their tributes to Sahay every year on his Birth Anniversary.
Independence Movement of India
editSoon thereafter in 1920, Sahay jumped into the fray giving up further studies by joining the Civil Disobedience Movement at the call of Mahatma Gandhi. Between 1930 and 1934, he was jailed four times for different periods while taking part in the independence movement. During one of these incarcerations, he met his mentor Sri Babu and this bond of friendship remained intact throughout their lives. He was also close to Anugrah Narayan Sinha, the other legendary nationalist from Bihar.
In 1942 came Gandhi's battle cry of "Do or Die" for the "Quit India Movement". Before this, senior leaders of Bihar including Dr. Rajendra Prasad & Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha visited Bihar to convey the conclusions of the "Vardha Accord" as well as to charter an action plan for Bihar during the Quit India Movement, in an important meeting at Sadaquat Ashram. Sri Krishna Ballabh Sahay was a notable contributor to this plan. "Quit India Movement" was launched with great fierceness all over India and K B Sahay led the movement at Hazaribagh. The British Government ordered immediate arrest of all its leaders. An order to arrest Sahay was passed by Deputy Commissioner, Hazaribagh (Order No.: 132 of 10.08.1942) and the very next day he was sent off to jail. In jail, he was instrumental in the escape of Jayaprakash Narayan from Hazaribagh Central jail along with his associates namely Rama Nandan Mishra, Yogendra Shukla, Suraj Narayan Singh, Sri Gulab Chand Gupta and Sri Shaligram Singh on 9 November 1942. As a consequence, he was sent off to Bhagalpur jail with orders for rigorous imprisonment. [4][better source needed]
Political life
editEarlier, when provincial autonomy was granted by the British Raj, Sahay was elected to the Bihar Legislative Assembly in 1936 and was made a parliamentary secretary in Sri Krishna Singh's ministry in 1937.
He is credited with having authored and passed the first pioneering legislation in the country to abolish the Zamindari system. In 1952, it was the first such legislation in the country. With the Bill becoming an Act (Bihar Act 30 of 1950), it sent shock waves among the zamindars all over Bihar and these zamindars under the leadership of Dr. Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga decided to challenge the Act as a violation of Article 14 of the Constitution of India. During this period, Sahay also survived a body blow intended to wipe him out. He was almost alone in his crusade for land reforms in the formative 1950s and 1960s. Bihar was the first to introduce legislation to abolish zamindari. But Patna High Court struck down the Act, as did the Supreme Court. It was this that led an exasperated Jawaharlal Nehru to push the first amendment to the Constitution. The Constitution of India was amended for the first time and Article 31 (A) and Article 31 (B) were added to nullify the effect of Article 14. The legislation on land ceilings was introduced in the Assembly in 1955. A watered-down version was passed only in 1959 and got presidential assent in 1962.
Sahay contested the first assembly elections of 1952 from Giridih and won by a handsome margin to return as the revenue minister to the Government of Bihar in Babu's cabinet. But in 1957, he was defeated in the assembly election from Giridih by Raja Kamakhya Narayan Singh of Padma (Hazaribag). However, K. B. Sahay won the assembly elections of 1962 to enter the Bihar Assembly for the third time. In 1957, during the leadership struggle between Dr. S K Sinha and Dr. Anugrah Narayan Sinha, he supported Anugrah Sinha for becoming Chief Minister. However Sri Krishna Babu won and again became the Chief Minister with Anugrah Sinha as his deputy.[5]
Chief Minister of Bihar
editIn the years that followed, Kamraj, the veteran Congress leader came forward with his "Kamraj Plan" to strengthen the party. On 19 September 1963, with the announcement of "Kamraj Plan" came the news of Binodanand Jha being taken as one of the eight Chief Ministers to look after the affairs of Congress Party. Beer Chand Patel threw his hat in the contest for the Chief Minister of Bihar. Sahay who was deputy minister in Jha's cabinet was the other contestant. Satyendra Narayan Sinha, the prominent Education Minister, who was decidedly second-in-command in the Binodanand Jha Cabinet announced his support for Sahay. Patel was no match for Sahay, who polled double the number of votes as Patel. Mr. Sahay was elected from Patna West constituency
On 2 October 1963, the birth anniversary of Gandhi was celebrated in Bihar along with the swearing in ceremony of Sahay as the fourth Chief Minister of Bihar with Satyendra Narayan Sinha again becoming second in command.
Sahay lost the 1967 elections but won the local body elections in 1974 to enter the Bihar Legislative Council as an MLC. He faced enquiries by the Aiyyar Commission in between but was vindicated. Sahay met with a fatal road accident on 3 June 1974 just after winning the election, on his way back to his native place Hazaribag.
Among the leaders of Bihar belonging to the 20th century, whom the people of this state would long remember for the constructive and invaluable services rendered towards the progress of Bihar, Sahay would certainly find a prominent place. His life is a superb example of how a man can attain his cherished dream by dogged determination, systematic planning and hard labour. He dreamed of an independent India and an ever-progressing Bihar for which he sacrificed his whole life.
Assassination
editKB Sahay died on 3 June 1974, when his black Hindustan Ambassador BRM101 car was hit by a truck which reversed deliberately on Hazaribag – Patna Highway in Sindoor. Mr. Sahay was on the front seat of the car as usual, being driven by Surendra. The collision caused him to die on the spot. He was travelling from Patna to Hazaribagh.
Gallery
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Sahay was responsible for setting up of several industries in the state, prominent among them are the Barauni Refinery,[6] and the Bokaro Steel Plant.[7] Both were commissioned during his tenure as Chief Minister of Bihar. The Heavy Engineering Corporation Ranchi where the current Jharkhand Government also runs, was commissioned during his tenure.
As the Chief Minister of Bihar, he gave full support for the establishment of Sainik School for Indian Armed Forces in Tilaiya.[8] He was also instrumental in starting women's college in Hazaribag in 1963, which is named after him.[9]
References
edit- ^ "Welcome to the Official Website of Chief Ministers of Bihar". Archived from the original on 19 March 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
- ^ "Ministry of I & B on Instagram: "📍Krishna Ballabh Sahay 31st December, 1898 - 5th May, 1974 🔹Remembering the great freedom fighter & social activist on his birth anniversary 🔹He is credited with having authored the first pioneering legislation in the country to abolish the Zamindari system 📍कृष्ण बल्लभ सहाय (31 दिसंबर, 1898 - 5 मई, 1974) 🔹महान स्वतंत्रता सेनानी और सामाजिक कार्यकर्ता को उनकी जयंती पर शत्-शत् नमन 🔹उन्हें 1952 में ज़मींदारी व्यवस्था को ख़त्म करने के लिए देश में पहला अग्रणी कानून लिखने में प्रमुख भूमिका निभाने का श्रेय दिया जाता है #AmritMahotsav @official.anuragthakur @murugan_tnbjp @pibindia @ddnews_official @airnewsalerts @ministryofculturegoi"".
- ^ a b "कृष्ण बल्लभ सहायः बिहार के वो मुख्यमंत्री जिनका पोता भी उनके खिलाफ नारे लगाता था". LallanTop - News with most viral and Social Sharing Indian content on the web in Hindi (in Hindi). Retrieved 20 April 2022.
- ^ Sahay, Rajesh (26 April 2014). "Newspaper Sources".
- ^ "K.B.Sahay".
- ^ "IndianOil Corporation | Barauni Refinery". Archived from the original on 20 November 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
- ^ "SAIL - Bokaro Steel Plant". Archived from the original on 7 November 2012. Retrieved 10 November 2012.
- ^ "Welcome to Sainik School Tilaiya Website". Archived from the original on 7 January 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
- ^ "K B Women's College Hazaribag". Archived from the original on 13 July 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2012.