Lerdo de Tejada is a municipality in the Mexican state of Veracruz, located 207 kilometres (129 mi) southeast of the state capital Xalapa. It is named after Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, the 27th President of Mexico.[2]
Lerdo de Tejada | |
|---|---|
  Lerdo de Tejada Location in Mexico  Lerdo de Tejada Lerdo de Tejada (Mexico) | |
| Coordinates: 18°37′26″N 95°30′51″W / 18.62389°N 95.51417°W[1] | |
| Country |  Mexico |
| State |  Veracruz |
| Region | Papaloapan |
| Established | 23 January 1923 |
| Named for | Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada |
| Municipal seat | Lerdo de Tejada |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Hermas Cortes García |
| Area | |
• Total | 84.245 km2 (32.527 sq mi) |
| Elevation [1] (of seat) | 10 m (30 ft) |
| Population (2010 Census)[3] | |
• Total | 20,141 |
• Estimate (2015 Intercensal Survey)[4] | 19,606 |
| • Density | 240/km2 (620/sq mi) |
| • Seat | 18,715 |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (Central) |
| Postal codes | 95280–95295 |
| Area code | 284 |
| Website | lerdodetejada.gob.mx |
Geography
editThe municipality of Lerdo de Tejada is located in southern Veracruz on the coastal plain of the Gulf of Mexico. It borders the municipalities of Ángel R. Cabada to the east, Saltabarranca to the south, Tlacotalpan to the southwest and Alvarado to the west. The municipality covers an area of 84.245 square kilometres (32.527 sq mi) and comprises 0.1% of the state's area.[4]
The wetland La Popotera is located in Lerdo de Tejada and the adjacent municipality of Alvarado. It is protected as a Ramsar site.[5] La Popotera is drained by the San Agustín River, which is a tributary of the Papaloapan River and also serves as the municipality's southwestern border. There is also a small lake known as the Laguna del Márquez located on the municipality's eastern border with Ángel R. Cabada.[6]
Lerdo de Tejada's climate is warm and humid with abundant rain in the summer. Average temperatures in the municipality range between 24 and 28 °C (75–82 °F), and average annual precipitation ranges between 2,000 and 2,500 millimetres (79–98 in).[6]
| Climate data for Naranjal weather station at 18°38′47″N 95°31′55″W / 18.64639°N 95.53194°W (1981–2010 averages, 1951–2010 extremes) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 36.0 (96.8) |
39.0 (102.2) |
42.0 (107.6) |
43.0 (109.4) |
44.0 (111.2) |
41.5 (106.7) |
38.0 (100.4) |
39.0 (102.2) |
38.5 (101.3) |
37.5 (99.5) |
36.0 (96.8) |
36.0 (96.8) |
44.0 (111.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25.9 (78.6) |
27.4 (81.3) |
30.2 (86.4) |
32.7 (90.9) |
34.1 (93.4) |
33.2 (91.8) |
32.1 (89.8) |
32.0 (89.6) |
31.2 (88.2) |
30.1 (86.2) |
28.5 (83.3) |
26.4 (79.5) |
27.0 (80.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 21.2 (70.2) |
22.5 (72.5) |
24.6 (76.3) |
27.0 (80.6) |
28.6 (83.5) |
28.2 (82.8) |
27.4 (81.3) |
27.3 (81.1) |
26.9 (80.4) |
25.8 (78.4) |
23.9 (75.0) |
22.0 (71.6) |
25.5 (77.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 16.5 (61.7) |
17.6 (63.7) |
19.1 (66.4) |
21.3 (70.3) |
23.1 (73.6) |
23.2 (73.8) |
22.7 (72.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
22.5 (72.5) |
21.5 (70.7) |
19.2 (66.6) |
17.5 (63.5) |
20.6 (69.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 1.5 (34.7) |
8.0 (46.4) |
10.0 (50.0) |
0.0 (32.0) |
3.0 (37.4) |
18.0 (64.4) |
18.0 (64.4) |
2.5 (36.5) |
17.0 (62.6) |
15.0 (59.0) |
10.5 (50.9) |
6.5 (43.7) |
0.0 (32.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 97.1 (3.82) |
46.0 (1.81) |
22.2 (0.87) |
32.1 (1.26) |
72.7 (2.86) |
181.7 (7.15) |
287.9 (11.33) |
312.9 (12.32) |
493.2 (19.42) |
313.2 (12.33) |
196.3 (7.73) |
120.3 (4.74) |
2,175.6 (85.65) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 9.0 | 5.2 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 4.2 | 10.5 | 14.9 | 14.7 | 16.8 | 13.7 | 10.5 | 10.9 | 116.5 |
| Source: Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[7][8] | |||||||||||||
History
editThe Codex Mendoza mentions a calpulli of Tlacotalpan called Tlazintla located in what is now Lerdo de Tejada.[9]
After the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire, Tlazintla served as a port for one of New Spain's first sugarcane mills built by Hernán Cortés near San Andrés Tuxtla, which remained in operation for over fifty years.[2][10] In the 1800s, the San Pedro and San Francisco sugarcane mills were built in the area.[11][12] Around 1876, the ranchería of San Francisco Naranjal was founded by settlers from San Andrés and Santiago Tuxtla. On 31 December 1901, San Francisco Naranjal became the seat of the municipality of Saltabarranca. On 23 January 1923, San Francisco Naranjal was separated from the rest of Saltabarranca and became its own municipality, which on 11 August 1923 was renamed Lerdo de Tejada.[13]
Administration
editThe municipal government comprises a president, a councillor (Spanish: síndico), and two trustees (regidores), one elected by relative majority and one by proportional representation.[2] The current president of the municipality is Hermas Cortes García.[14]
Demographics
editIn the 2010 Census, the municipality of Lerdo de Tejada recorded a population of 20,141 inhabitants living in 5987 households.[15] It recorded a population of 19,606 inhabitants in the 2015 Intercensal Survey.[4]
There are 30 localities in the municipality,[1] of which only the municipal seat is classified as urban. Also called Lerdo de Tejada, it recorded a population of 18,715 inhabitants in the 2010 Census.[15]
Economy
editSugarcane is the main crop grown in Lerdo de Tejada and sugarcane processing is the main industrial activity.[16] Declining sugar prices since 2011 have caused a crisis in the local economy and forced the closure of the San Francisco Naranjal mill.[11][12] The remaining San Pedro mill, located southwest of the municipal seat at 18°36′39.7″N 95°31′47.8″W / 18.611028°N 95.529944°W, produced 119,150 tonnes of sugar in the 2014–2015 season.[17]
References
edit- ^ a b c "Sistema Nacional de Información Municipal" (in Spanish). SEGOB. 2010. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ a b c d "Lerdo de Tejada". Enciclopedia de los Municipios y Delegaciones de México (in Spanish). INAFED. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ a b "Lerdo de Tejada: Datos generales". Cédulas de información municipal (in Spanish). SEDESOL. 2013. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ a b c "Panorama sociodemográfico de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave 2015" (PDF) (in Spanish). INEGI. 2016. p. 224. ISBN 978-607-739-871-4. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ "Humedales de la Laguna La Popotera". Ramsar Sites Information Service. 5 June 2005. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ a b "Compendio de Información Geográfica Municipal 2010: Lerdo de Tejada, Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ "NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ "NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS" (in Spanish). Servicio Meteorológico Nacional. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ "Plan de manejo: Centro Histórico de Tlacotalpan Veracruz" (PDF) (in Spanish). SEDATU. April 2014. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ Barrett, Ward J. (1970). The Sugar Hacienda of the Marqueses Del Valle. University of Minnesota Press. p. 11. ISBN 9780816605651.
- ^ a b Fernández Cención, Calixto (23 April 2016). "Genios del Ingenio" (in Spanish). Imagen del Golfo. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ a b Fernández Cención, Calixto (1 May 2016). "Ingenio San Francisco Naranjal" (in Spanish). Imagen del Golfo. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ Estado de Veracruz-Llave. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. pp. 111, 222. ISBN 970-13-1517-0.
- ^ "Portal de Transparencia Municipal" (in Spanish). Órgano de Fiscalización Superior del Estado de Veracruz. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ a b "Resumen municipal: Municipio de Lerdo de Tejada". Catálogo de Localidades (in Spanish). SEDESOL. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ PLAN MUNICIPAL DE DESARROLLO DE LERDO DE TEJADA 2014-2017 (PDF) (Report) (in Spanish). Government of Lerdo de Tejada. 2014. pp. 244, 258. Retrieved 8 February 2018.
- ^ Atlas de la Agroindustria de la caña de azúcar 2015 (PDF) (Report) (in Spanish). Comité Nacional para el Desarrollo Sustentable de la Caña de Azúcar. 13 December 2017. pp. 186–187. Retrieved 8 February 2018.