List of Sapindales of South Africa

Sapindales /sæpɪnˈdlz/ is an order of flowering plants. The APG III system of 2009 includes it in the clade malvids (in rosids, in eudicots) with nine families:[1] The anthophytes are a grouping of plant taxa bearing flower-like reproductive structures. They were formerly thought to be a clade comprising plants bearing flower-like structures. The group contained the angiosperms - the extant flowering plants, such as roses and grasses - as well as the Gnetales and the extinct Bennettitales.[2]

23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich country on the African continent. Of these, 153 species are considered to be threatened.[3] Nine biomes have been described in South Africa: Fynbos, Succulent Karoo, desert, Nama Karoo, grassland, savanna, Albany thickets, the Indian Ocean coastal belt, and forests.[4]

The 2018 South African National Biodiversity Institute's National Biodiversity Assessment plant checklist lists 35,130 taxa in the phyla Anthocerotophyta (hornworts (6)), Anthophyta (flowering plants (33534)), Bryophyta (mosses (685)), Cycadophyta (cycads (42)), Lycopodiophyta (Lycophytes(45)), Marchantiophyta (liverworts (376)), Pinophyta (conifers (33)), and Pteridophyta (cryptogams (408)).[5]

Eight families are represented in the literature. Listed taxa include species, subspecies, varieties, and forms as recorded, some of which have subsequently been allocated to other taxa as synonyms, in which cases the accepted taxon is appended to the listing. Multiple entries under alternative names reflect taxonomic revision over time.

Anacardiaceae

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Anacardium

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Genus Anacardium:[5]

Harpephyllum

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Genus Harpephyllum:[5]

Heeria

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Genus Heeria:[5]

Lannea

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Genus Lannea:[5]

  • Lannea discolor (Sond.) Engl. indigenous
  • Lannea edulis (Sond.) Engl. indigenous
    • Lannea edulis (Sond.) Engl. var. edulis, indigenous
  • Lannea gossweileri Exell & Mendonça, indigenous
    • Lannea gossweileri Exell & Mendonça subsp. tomentella (R.Fern. & A.Fern.) J.B.Gillett, indigenous
  • Lannea schweinfurthii (Engl.) Engl. indigenous
    • Lannea schweinfurthii (Engl.) Engl. var. stuhlmannii (Engl.) Kokwaro, indigenous

Laurophyllus

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Genus Laurophyllus:[5]

Loxostylis

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Genus Loxostylis:[5]

Mangifera

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Genus Mangifera:[5]

Ozoroa

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Genus Ozoroa:[5]

Protorhus

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Genus Protorhus:[5]

Rhus

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Genus Rhus:[5]

Schinus

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Genus Schinus:[5]

Sclerocarya

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Genus Sclerocarya:[5]

  • Sclerocarya birrea (A.Rich.) Hochst. indigenous
    • Sclerocarya birrea (A.Rich.) Hochst. subsp. afra (Sond.) Kokwaro, indigenous

Searsia

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Genus Searsia:[5]

Smodingium

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Genus Smodingium:[5]

Toxicodendron

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Genus Toxicodendron:[5]

Burseraceae

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Commiphora

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Genus Commiphora:[5]

Kirkiaceae

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Kirkia

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Genus Kirkia:[5]

Meliaceae

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Cedrela

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Genus Cedrela:[5]

Chukrasia

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Genus Chukrasia:[5]

Ekebergia

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Genus Ekebergia:[5]

Entandrophragma

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Genus Entandrophragma:[5]

Khaya

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Genus Khaya:[5]

Melia

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Genus Melia:[5]

Nymania

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Genus Nymania:[5]

Pseudobersama

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Genus Pseudobersama:[5]

Toona

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Genus Toona:[5]

Trichilia

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Genus Trichilia:[5]

Turraea

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Genus Turraea:[5]

Xylocarpus

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Genus Xylocarpus:[5]

Peganaceae

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Peganum

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Genus Peganum:[5]

Rutaceae

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Acmadenia

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Genus Acmadenia:[5]

Adenandra

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Genus Adenandra:[5]

  • Adenandra acuta Schltr. endemic
  • Adenandra brachyphylla Schltdl. endemic
  • Adenandra coriacea Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. endemic
  • Adenandra dahlgrenii Strid, endemic
  • Adenandra fragrans (Sims) Roem. & Schult. endemic
  • Adenandra gracilis Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
  • Adenandra gummifera Strid, endemic
  • Adenandra lasiantha Sond. endemic
  • Adenandra marginata (L.f.) Roem. & Schult. endemic
    • Adenandra marginata (L.f.) Roem. & Schult. subsp. humilis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Strid, accepted as Adenandra humilis Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
  • Adenandra marginata (L.f.) Roem. & Schult. subsp. marginata, endemic
    • Adenandra marginata (L.f.) Roem. & Schult. subsp. mucronata Strid, endemic
    • Adenandra marginata (L.f.) Roem. & Schult. subsp. serpyllacea (Bartl.) Strid, endemic
  • Adenandra multiflora Strid, endemic
  • Adenandra mundiifolia Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
  • Adenandra obtusata Sond. endemic
  • Adenandra odoratissima Strid, endemic
    • Adenandra odoratissima Strid subsp. odoratissima, endemic
    • Adenandra odoratissima Strid subsp. tenuis Strid, endemic
  • Adenandra rotundifolia Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic
  • Adenandra schlechteri Dummer, endemic
  • Adenandra uniflora (L.) Willd. endemic
  • Adenandra villosa (P.J.Bergius) Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. endemic
    • Adenandra villosa (P.J.Bergius) Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. subsp. apiculata Strid, endemic
    • Adenandra villosa (P.J.Bergius) Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. subsp. biseriata (E.Mey. ex Bartl. & H.L.W, endemic
    • Adenandra villosa (P.J.Bergius) Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. subsp. imbricata Strid, endemic
    • Adenandra villosa (P.J.Bergius) Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. subsp. orbicularis Strid, endemic
    • Adenandra villosa (P.J.Bergius) Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. subsp. pedicellata Strid, endemic
    • Adenandra villosa (P.J.Bergius) Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. subsp. robusta Strid, endemic
    • Adenandra villosa (P.J.Bergius) Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. subsp. sonderi (Dummer) Strid, endemic
    • Adenandra villosa (P.J.Bergius) Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. subsp. umbellata (J.C.Wendl.) Strid, endemic
    • Adenandra villosa (P.J.Bergius) Licht. ex Roem. & Schult. subsp. villosa, endemic
  • Adenandra viscidia Eckl. & Zeyh. endemic

Agathosma

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Genus Agathosma:[5]

Calodendrum

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Genus Calodendrum:[5]

Clausena

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Genus Clausena:[5]

  • Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook.f. ex Benth. indigenous
    • Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook.f. ex Benth. subsp. abyssinica (Engl.) Cufod. accepted as Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook.f. ex Benth. var. anisata
    • Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook.f. ex Benth. var. anisata, indigenous

Coleonema

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Genus Coleonema:[5]

Diosma

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Genus Diosma:[5]

Empleurum

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Genus Empleurum:[5]

Euchaetis

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Genus Euchaetis:[5]

Macrostylis

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Genus Macrostylis:[5]

Murraya

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Genus Murraya:[5]

  • Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive
    • Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack var. paniculata, not indigenous, cultivated, naturalised, invasive

Oricia

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Genus Oricia – synonym of Vepris[6]

  • Oricia bachmannii (Engl.) I.Verd. accepted as Vepris bachmannii (Engl.) Mziray, indigenous
  • Oricia swynnertonii (Baker f.) I.Verd. accepted as Vepris bachmannii (Engl.) Mziray, indigenous
  • Oricia transvaalensis I.Verd. accepted as Vepris bachmannii (Engl.) Mziray, present

Phyllosma

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Genus Phyllosma:[5]

Ptaeroxylon

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Genus Ptaeroxylon:[5]

Ruta

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Genus Ruta:[5]

Sheilanthera

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Genus Sheilanthera:[5]

Teclea

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Genus Teclea – synonym of Vepris[6]

Thamnosma

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Genus Thamnosma:[5]

Toddalia

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Genus Toddalia:[5]

Toddaliopsis

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Genus Toddaliopsis – synonym of Vepris[6]

  • Toddaliopsis bremekampii I.Verd. accepted as Vepris bremekampii (I.Verd.) Mziray, indigenous

Vepris

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Genus Vepris:[5]

Zanthoxylum

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Genus Zanthoxylum:[5]

Sapindaceae

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Acer

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Genus Acer:[5]

Allophylus

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Genus Allophylus:[5]

Atalaya

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Genus Atalaya:[5]

Blighia

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Genus Blighia:[5]

Cardiospermum

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Genus Cardiospermum:[5]

Deinbollia

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Genus Deinbollia:[5]

Dodonaea

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Genus Dodonaea:[5]

Erythrophysa

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Genus Erythrophysa:[5]

Haplocoelum

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Genus Haplocoelum:[5]

Hippobromus

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Genus Hippobromus:[5]

Pancovia

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Genus Pancovia:[5]

Pappea

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Genus Pappea:[5]

Paullinia

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Genus Paullinia:[5]

Smelophyllum

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Genus Smelophyllum:[5]

Stadmannia

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Genus Stadmannia:[5]

Simaroubaceae

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Ailanthus

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Genus Ailanthus:[5]

References

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  1. ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083. Archived from the original on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
  2. ^ Doyle, J. A.; Donoghue, M. J. (1986). "Seed plant phylogeny and the origin of the angiosperms - an experimental cladistic approach". Botanical Review. 52 (4): 321–431. doi:10.1007/bf02861082.
  3. ^ Butler, Rhett A. (1 July 2019). "Total number of plant species by country". Mongabay. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
  4. ^ "Vegetation of South Africa". PlantZAfrica.com. SA National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv "species_checklist_20180710.csv". South African National Biodiversity Institute. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  6. ^ a b c "Vepris Comm. ex A.Juss". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 9 September 2021.