Wikipedia

List of birds of Rocky Mountain National Park

.

Rocky Mountain National Park is located in the United States
Rocky Mountain National Park
Rocky Mountain National Park
class=notpageimage|
Location of Rocky Mountain National Park in the United States
A white-tailed ptarmigan, common above timberline.

This is a comprehensive listing of the bird species recorded in Rocky Mountain National Park, a 265,461 acres (107,428 ha) park in the U.S. state of Colorado. This list is based on one published by the National Park Service (NPS).[1]

This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the Check-list of North and Middle American Birds, 7th edition through the 65th Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society (AOS).[2] Common and scientific names are also those of the Check-list, except that the common names of families are from the Clements taxonomy because the AOS list does not include them.

This list contains 265 species and eight identifiable subspecies or forms when taxonomic changes have been made. Unless otherwise noted, all are considered to occur regularly in Rocky Mountain National Park as permanent residents, summer or winter visitors, or migrants. The tags below are used to designate the abundance of some less-common species.

  • (R) Rare - "usually seen only a few times each year" per the NPS (60 species)
  • (U) Uncommon - "likely to be seen monthly in appropriate habitat and season and may be locally common" per the NPS (82 species)
  • (O) Occasional - "occur in a park at least once every few years, varying in numbers, but not necessarily every year" per the NPS (58 species)
  • (H) Historical - "not in park" per the NPS, but historical records exist (6 species)
  • (Unc) Unconfirmed - "Attributed to the park based on weak ... or no evidence, giving minimal indication of the species' occurrence in the park" per the NPS (12 species)
  • (I) Introduced - a species introduced to North America by humans (5 species)

Ducks, geese, and waterfowl

edit

Order: Anseriformes   Family: Anatidae

 
A female mallard

Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils.

New World quail

edit

Order: Galliformes   Family: Odontophoridae

The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits.

Pheasants, grouse, and allies

edit

Order: Galliformes   Family: Phasianidae

 
A dusky grouse

Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.

Grebes

edit

Order: Podicipediformes   Family: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

Pigeons and doves

edit

Order: Columbiformes   Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. They feed on seeds, fruit, and plants. Unlike most other birds, the doves and pigeons produce "crop milk", which is secreted by a sloughing of fluid-filled cells from the lining of the crop. Both sexes produce this highly nutritious substance to feed to the young.

Cuckoos

edit

Order: Cuculiformes   Family: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs.

Nightjars and allies

edit

Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs, and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is cryptically colored to resemble bark or leaves.

Swifts

edit

Order: Apodiformes   Family: Apodidae

The swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

Hummingbirds

edit

Order: Apodiformes   Family: Trochilidae

 
A male broad-tailed hummingbird, the most common type of hummingbird in Rocky Mountain National Park

Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards.

Rails, gallinules, and coots

edit

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

Cranes

edit

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged, and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Stilts and avocets

edit

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Plovers and lapwings

edit

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Charadriidae

 
A killdeer

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short thick necks, and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Sandpipers and allies

edit

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Scolopacidae

 
A spotted sandpiper

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Skuas and jaegers

edit

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Stercorariidae

Skuas and jaegers are in general medium to large birds, typically with gray or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers.

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

edit

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, terns, and skimmers. Gulls are typically gray or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.

Loons

edit

Order: Gaviiformes   Family: Gaviidae

Loons are aquatic birds, the size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Their plumage is largely gray or black, and they have spear-shaped bills. Loons swim well and fly adequately, but are almost hopeless on land, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body.

Pelicans

edit

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. Their feet have four webbed toes.

Herons, egrets, and bitterns

edit

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets, and bitterns. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secretive. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills.

Ibises and spoonbills

edit

Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Threskiornithidae

The family Threskiornithidae includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings. Their bodies tend to be elongated, the neck more so, with rather long legs. The bill is also long, decurved in the case of the ibises, straight and distinctively flattened in the spoonbills.

New World vultures

edit

Order: Cathartiformes   Family: Cathartidae

The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carcasses.

Osprey

edit

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Pandionidae

 
An osprey, more common on the west side of the park.

Pandionidae is a monotypic family of fish-eating birds of prey. Its single species possesses a very large and powerful hooked beak, strong legs, strong talons, and keen eyesight.

  • Osprey, Pandion haliaetus, lakes, marshes, rivers (U)

Hawks, eagles, and kites

edit

Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Accipitridae

 
A golden eagle

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers, and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight.

Owls

edit

Order: Strigiformes   Family: Strigidae

 
A boreal owl

Typical or "true" owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Kingfishers

edit

Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails.

Woodpeckers

edit

Order: Piciformes   Family: Picidae

 
An American three-toed woodpecker, which have increased in the park due to pine bark beetles.

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

Falcons and caracaras

edit

Order: Falconiformes   Family: Falconidae

 
A prairie falcon

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

  • American kestrel, Falco sparverius, montane forests, meadows (U)
  • Merlin, Falco columbarius, montane forests, meadows (R)
  • Peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus, cliffs, rocky areas, alpine tundra, meadows (R)
  • Prairie falcon, Falco mexicanus, cliffs, rocky areas, alpine tundra, meadows (U)

Tyrant flycatchers

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Tyrannidae

Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.

Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Vireonidae

 
A plumbeous vireo

The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, though a few other species in the family are found in Asia. They are typically greenish in color and resemble wood-warblers apart from their heavier bills.

Shrikes

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey.

Crows, jays, and magpies

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Corvidae

 
A Steller's jay

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Tits, chickadees, and titmice

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Paridae

 
A mountain chickadee, the park's most common species of chickadee

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.

Larks

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Alaudidae

 
A horned lark

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

  • Horned lark, Eremophila alpestris, alpine tundra, meadows

Swallows

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Long-tailed tits

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Aegithalidae

The long-tailed tits are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They make woven bag nests in trees. Most eat a mixed diet which includes insects.

Kinglets

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Regulidae

 
A ruby-crowned kinglet in the park's high-elevation forests.

The kinglets and "crests" are a small family of birds which resemble some warblers. They are very small insectivorous birds, mostly in the genus Regulus. The adults have colored crowns, giving rise to their name.

Waxwings

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Bombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of passerine birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.

Nuthatches

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet.

Treecreepers

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.

Gnatcatchers

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Polioptilidae

These dainty birds resemble Old World warblers in their structure and habits, moving restlessly through the foliage seeking insects. The gnatcatchers are mainly soft bluish gray in color and have the typical insectivore's long sharp bill. Many species have distinctive black head patterns (especially males) and long, regularly cocked, black-and-white tails.

Wrens

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Troglodytidae

Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.

  • Rock wren, Salpinctes obsoletus, rocky areas, alpine tundra, meadows (U)
  • Canyon wren, Catherpes mexicanus, cliffs, rocky areas, canyons (R)
  • Bewick's wren, Thryomanes bewickii, riparian, meadows (O)
  • Northern house wren, Troglodytes aedon, montane and subalpine forests, riparian, meadows
  • Pacific wren, Troglodytes pacificus (R)
  • Winter wren, Troglodytes hiemalis, montane forests, riparian (O)
  • Marsh wren, Cisthorus palustris, lakes, marshes (Unc)

Mockingbirds and thrashers

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Mimidae

The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance.

Starlings

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sturnidae

Starlings and mynas are small to medium-sized Old World passerine birds with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct and most are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. The plumage of several species is dark with a metallic sheen.

Dippers

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cinclidae

Dippers are a group of perching birds whose habitat includes aquatic environments in the Americas, Europe, and Asia. They are named for their bobbing or dipping movements. These birds have adaptations which allows them to submerge and walk on the bottom to feed on insect larvae.

Thrushes and allies

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Turdidae

 
A mountain bluebird

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Old world sparrows

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passeridae

Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or grayish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.

Wagtails and pipits

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. They are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country.

Finches, euphonias, and allies

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Fringillidae

 
A pine siskin

Longspurs and snow buntings

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Calcariidae

The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds that had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.

New World sparrows

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passerellidae

 
A dark-eyed junco

Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns.

  • Black-throated sparrow, Amphispiza bilineata, meadows (O)
  • Lark sparrow, Chondestes grammacus (R)
  • Lark bunting, Calamospiza melanocorys, meadows (R)
  • Chipping sparrow, Spizella passerina, montane and subalpine forests, meadows
  • Clay-colored sparrow, Spizella pallida, meadows (O)
  • Brewer's sparrow, Spizella breweri, meadows (U)
  • Fox sparrow, Passerina iliaca, montane and subalpine forests, marshes, riparian, meadows (U)
  • American tree sparrow, Spizelloides arborea, montane forests, riparian (R)
  • Dark-eyed junco, Junco hyemalis, montane and subalpine forests, meadows
    • "Gray-headed" junco, Junco hyemalis caniceps, montane and subalpine forests, meadows
    • "Pink-sided" junco, Junco hyemalis mearnsi, montane and subalpine forests, meadows (R)
    • "Oregon" junco, Junco hyemalis shufeltdi, montane and subalpine forests, meadows (U)
    • "White-winged" junco, Junco hyemalis aikeni (Unc)
  • White-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys, montane and subalpine forests, alpine tundra, meadows
  • Harris's sparrow, Zonotrichia querula, montane forests, meadows (O)
  • Sagebrush sparrow, Amphispiza nevadensis, meadows (R)
  • Vesper sparrow, Pooecetes gramineus, meadows (U)
  • Savannah sparrow, Passerculus sandwichensis, marshes, riparian, meadows (U)
  • Song sparrow, Melospiza melodia, montane forest, riparian, meadows common
  • Lincoln's sparrow, Melospiza lincolnii, montane and subalpine forests, meadows
  • Green-tailed towhee, Pipilo chlorurus, montane forests, meadows
  • Spotted towhee, Pipilo maculatus, montane forests, meadows (R)

Yellow-breasted chat

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Icteriidae

This species was historically placed in the wood-warblers (Parulidae) but nonetheless most authorities were unsure if it belonged there. It was placed in its own family in 2017.

Troupials and allies

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Icteridae

 
A Brewer's blackbird

The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color which is often enlivened by yellow, orange, or red.

New World warblers

edit

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Parulidae

 
An "Audubon's" yellow-rumped warbler

The wood-warblers are a group of small often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.

Cardinals and allies

edit
 
A western tanager

Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cardinalidae

The cardinals are a family of robust seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.

References

edit
  1. ^ "Species List for Rocky Mountain National Park". National Park Service. Retrieved July 19, 2024.
  2. ^ "Check-list of North and Middle American Birds". American Ornithological Society. July 2024. Retrieved July 18, 2024.

See also

edit
edit


40°20′48″N 105°44′11″W / 40.3466°N 105.7364°W / 40.3466; -105.7364 (Rocky Mountain National Park)

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Rocky_Mountain_National_Park&oldid=1250373689"