List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita

The figures presented here do not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency. Such fluctuations change a country's ranking from one year to the next, even though they often make little or no difference to the standard of living of its population.

Countries or territories by GDP (nominal) per capita in 2023
  >$60,000
  $50,000–$60,000
  $40,000–$50,000
  $30,000–$40,000
  $20,000–$30,000
  $10,000–$20,000
  $5,000–$10,000
  $2,500–$5,000
  $1,000–$2,500
  $500–$1,000
  <$500
  No data

GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a country's standard of living;[1][2] however, this is inaccurate because GDP per capita is not a measure of personal income.

Comparisons of national income are also frequently made on the basis of purchasing power parity (PPP), to adjust for differences in the cost of living in different countries (see List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita). PPP largely removes the exchange rate problem but not others; it does not reflect the value of economic output in international trade, and it also requires more estimation than GDP per capita. On the whole, PPP per capita figures are more narrowly spread than nominal GDP per capita figures.

Non-sovereign entities (the world, continents, and some dependent territories) and states with limited international recognition are included in the list in cases in which they appear in the sources. These economies are not ranked in the charts here (except Kosovo and Taiwan), but are listed in sequence by GDP for comparison. In addition, non-sovereign entities are marked in italics.

Four UN members (Cuba, Liechtenstein, Monaco and North Korea) do not belong to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), hence their economies are not ranked below. Kosovo, despite not being a member of the United Nations, is a member of IMF. Taiwan is not a IMF member but it is still listed in the official IMF indices.

Several leading GDP-per-capita (nominal) jurisdictions may be considered tax havens, and their GDP data subject to material distortion by tax-planning activities. Examples include Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland and Luxembourg.[3]

All data are in current United States dollars. Historical data can be found here.

Table

The table initially ranks each country or territory by its IMF estimate, and can be reranked by any of the sources.

GDP (in USD) per capita by country, territory, non-sovereign state or non-IMF member
Country/Territory IMF[4][5] World Bank[6] United Nations[7]
Estimate Year Estimate Year Estimate Year
  Monaco 240,862 2022 240,535 2022
  Liechtenstein 187,267 2022 197,268 2022
  Luxembourg 135,321 2024 128,259 2023 125,897 2022
  Bermuda 123,091 2022 117,568 2022
  Switzerland 106,098 2024 99,995 2023 93,636 2022
  Ireland 103,500 2024 103,685 2023 105,993 2022
  Cayman Islands 96,074 2022 91,420 2022
  Isle of Man 94,124 2021
  Norway 90,434 2024 87,962 2023 106,623 2022
  Singapore 89,370 2024 84,734 2023 78,115 2022
  United States 86,601 2024 81,695 2023 76,101 2022
  Iceland 85,787 2024 78,811 2023 75,260 2022
  Macau 77,186 2024 66,835 2023 34,585 2022
  Qatar 71,568 2024 87,480 2022 87,974 2022
  Denmark 69,273 2024 67,967 2023 68,029 2022
  Netherlands 67,984 2024 62,537 2023 57,392 2022
  Faroe Islands 66,979 2022
  Australia 65,966 2024 64,712 2023 67,867 2022
  Channel Islands 64,501 2022
  San Marino 59,841 2024 54,982 2021 52,903 2022
  Austria 58,669 2024 56,506 2023 52,609 2022
  Sweden 57,213 2024 56,305 2023 56,040 2022
  Belgium 56,129 2024 53,475 2023 49,987 2022
  Germany 55,521 2024 52,746 2023 48,902 2022
  Finland 54,774 2024 53,756 2023 50,988 2022
  Canada 53,834 2024 53,372 2023 55,597 2022
  Hong Kong 53,165 2024 50,697 2023 48,050 2022
  Israel 53,111 2024 52,262 2023 58,086 2022
  United Kingdom 52,423 2024 48,867 2023 45,758 2022
  Greenland 57,116 2021 51,821 2022
  United Arab Emirates 49,550 2024 52,977 2023 53,708 2022
  France 48,012 2024 44,461 2023 41,426 2022
  New Zealand 47,072 2024 48,528 2023 47,412 2022
  British Virgin Islands 46,997 2022
  Andorra 45,279 2024 46,545 2023 42,293 2022
  Malta 44,140 2024 37,882 2023 33,942 2022
  European Union[n 1] 43,350 2024 40,824 2023 31,875 [8]2021
  U.S. Virgin Islands 41,976 2021
  Italy 40,287 2024 38,373 2023 34,672 2022
  Guam 40,227 2022
  Aruba 39,697 2024 33,301 2022 33,301 2022
  Sint Maarten (Dutch part) 39,433 2023 35,607 2022
  Puerto Rico 37,926 2024 36,779 2023 34,877 2022
  Cyprus 37,767 [n 2]2024 34,701 [n 2]2023 32,999 [n 2]2022
  Bahamas 36,322 2024 34,750 2023 31,458 2022
  South Korea 36,132 2024 33,121 2023 32,305 2022
  Spain 35,789 2024 32,677 2023 29,771 2022
  New Caledonia 35,746 2022 33,190 2022
  Brunei 34,872 2024 33,431 2023 37,152 2022
  Slovenia 34,544 2024 32,163 2023 28,295 2022
  Taiwan 33,234 [n 3]2024
  Saudi Arabia 32,881 2024 28,895 2023 30,436 2022
  Japan 32,859 2024 33,834 2023 34,144 2022
  Kuwait 32,290 2024 37,533 2023 41,079 2022
  Estonia 31,531 2024 29,824 2023 28,693 2022
  Czech Republic 31,366 2024 30,427 2023 27,685 2022
  Turks and Caicos Islands 30,438 2023 24,918 2022
  Bahrain 29,573 2024 29,084 2023 30,147 2022
  Portugal 29,341 2024 27,275 2023 24,813 2022
  Guyana 28,921 2024 20,626 2023 18,199 2022
  Lithuania 28,713 2024 27,103 2023 25,773 2022
  Anguilla 28,561 2022
  Slovakia 26,290 2024 24,470 2023 20,432 2022
  Barbados 24,759 2024 22,673 2023 20,239 2022
  Greece 24,342 2024 22,990 2023 20,923 2022
  Latvia 24,223 2024 23,184 2023 22,088 2022
  Saint Kitts and Nevis 24,203 2024 22,553 2023 20,547 2022
  Hungary 23,881 2024 22,147 2023 17,792 2022
  Poland 23,563 2024 22,113 2023 17,265 2022
  Croatia 23,380 2024 21,460 2023 17,753 2022
  Uruguay 23,053 2024 22,564 2023 20,793 2022
  Antigua and Barbuda 22,118 2024 21,560 2023 18,880 2022
  Seychelles 21,290 2024 17,879 2023 18,623 2022
  Oman 20,631 2024 23,295 2023 25,057 2022
  Curaçao 20,493 2022 20,492 2022
  Romania 20,089 2024 18,419 2023 15,295 2022
  Trinidad and Tobago 19,703 2024 18,333 2023 19,629 2022
  American Samoa 19,673 2022
  Panama 19,369 2024 18,662 2023 17,358 2022
  French Polynesia 18,985 2022 18,985 2022
  Palau 17,978 2024 14,565 2023 12,498 2022
  Costa Rica 17,860 2024 16,595 2023 13,199 2022
  Northern Mariana Islands 17,303 2020
  Maldives 17,287 2024 12,667 2023 11,781 2022
  Bulgaria 17,069 2024 15,798 2023 13,302 2022
  Cook Islands 17,033 2022
  Montserrat 16,461 2022
  Chile 16,365 2024 17,093 2023 15,338 2022
  Saint Martin (French part) 16,087 2022
  Turkey 15,666 2024 12,986 2023 10,629 2022
  Russia 14,953 2024 13,817 2023 15,482 2022
  Kazakhstan 14,570 2024 13,137 2023 11,625 2022
  Saint Lucia 14,034 2024 13,980 2023 12,038 2022
  Mexico 13,972 2024 13,926 2023 11,477 2022
 World 13,900 2024 13,138 2023 12,647 2022
  Malaysia 13,142 2024 11,649 2023 11,972 2022
  Cuba 9,500 2020 13,128 2022
  China 12,969 [n 4]2024 12,614 [n 5]2023 12,598 [n 4]2022
  Argentina 12,814 2024 13,730 2023 13,868 2022
  Montenegro 12,802 2024 12,017 2023 9,935 2022
  Turkmenistan 12,713 2024 9,191 2023 10,420 2022
  Mauritius 12,601 2024 11,417 2023 9,926 2022
  Serbia 12,514 2024 11,361 2023 8,802 2022
  Nauru 12,285 2024 12,060 2023 11,679 2022
  Grenada 12,050 2024 10,464 2023 9,509 2022
  Dominican Republic 11,692 2024 10,716 2023 10,111 2022
  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 10,558 2024 10,279 2023 9,107 2022
  Brazil 10,296 2024 10,044 2023 8,918 2022
  Albania 9,598 2024 8,368 2023 6,655 2022
  Dominica 9,392 2024 8,954 2023 10,111 2022
  Gabon 9,257 2024 8,420 2023 8,427 2022
  Georgia 8,883 [n 6]2024 8,120 [n 6]2023 6,571 [n 6]2022
  North Macedonia 8,659 2024 8,146 2023 6,549 2022
  Armenia 8,518 2024 8,716 2023 7,018 2022
  Peru 8,316 2024 7,790 2023 7,126 2022
  Bosnia and Herzegovina 8,221 2024 8,426 2023 7,569 2022
  Belize 8,133 2024 7,988 2023 6,984 2022
  Equatorial Guinea 8,102 2024 7,067 2023 7,026 2022
  Belarus 8,008 2024 7,829 2023 7,643 2022
  Colombia 7,917 2024 6,980 2023 6,630 2022
  Suriname 7,600 2024 6,069 2023 5,859 2022
  Thailand 7,527 2024 7,172 2023 6,909 2022
  Jamaica 7,487 2024 6,874 2023 6,047 2022
  Azerbaijan 7,381 2024 7,155 2023 7,600 2022
  Moldova 7,368 [n 7]2024 6,651 [n 7]2023 4,433 [n 7]2022
  Botswana 7,341 2024 7,250 2023 7,738 2022
  Tuvalu 7,190 2024 5,465 2023 5,219 2022
  Marshall Islands 6,850 2024 6,762 2023 6,728 2022
  Ecuador 6,758 2024 6,533 2023 6,391 2022
  Mongolia 6,666 2024 5,765 2023 5,046 2022
  Libya 6,482 2024 7,330 2023 5,951 2022
  South Africa 6,377 2024 6,253 2023 6,766 2022
  Kosovo 6,334 2024 5,943 2023 5,662 2022
  Guatemala 6,295 2024 5,797 2023 5,324 2022
  Fiji 6,257 2024 5,868 2023 5,356 2022
  Iraq 5,947 2024 5,512 2023 5,937 2022
  Paraguay 5,869 2024 6,260 2023 6,153 2022
  El Salvador 5,607 2024 5,344 2023 5,127 2022
  Algeria 5,579 2024 5,260 2023 4,274 2022
  Ukraine 5,505 [n 8]2024 5,181 [n 8]2023 4,043 [n 8]2022
  Tonga 5,483 2024 4,682 2022 4,571 2022
  Cape Verde 5,388 2024 4,322 2023 3,903 2022
  Micronesia 5,120 2024 3,992 2023 4,105 2022
  Samoa 5,048 2024 4,139 2023 3,855 2022
  Iran 5,013 2024 4,502 2023 4,495 2022
  Indonesia 4,981 2024 4,940 2023 4,788 2022
  Jordan 4,682 2024 4,482 2023 4,205 2022
  Vietnam 4,649 2024 4,347 2023 4,164 2022
  Lebanon 4,487 2023 3,350 2023 7,159 2022
  Namibia 4,410 2024 4,743 2023 4,911 2022
  Eswatini 4,375 2024 3,797 2023 3,601 2022
  Tunisia 4,267 2024 3,895 2023 3,738 2022
  Morocco 4,204 2024 3,672 2023 3,495 2022
  Djibouti 4,155 2024 3,606 2023 3,348 2022
  Philippines 4,154 2024 3,726 2023 3,499 2022
  Bhutan 4,068 2024 3,704 2022 3,704 2022
  Venezuela 4,019 2024 15,976 2014 4,569 2022
  Bolivia 3,920 2024 3,701 2023 3,600 2022
  Sri Lanka 3,330 2022 3,828 2023 3,490 2022
  Egypt 3,542 2024 3,513 2023 3,688 2022
  Honduras 3,446 2024 3,247 2023 3,040 2022
  São Tomé and Príncipe 3,425 2024 2,602 2023 2,405 2022
  Vanuatu 3,387 2024 3,367 2023 3,015 2022
  Palestine 3,181 [n 9]2023 3,368 [n 9]2023 3,640 [n 10]2022
  Uzbekistan 3,051 2024 2,496 2023 2,322 2022
  Angola 2,961 2024 2,309 2023 3,184 2022
  Nicaragua 2,878 2024 2,530 2023 2,255 2022
  Cambodia 2,744 2024 1,875 2023 1,588 2022
  Ivory Coast 2,720 2024 2,729 2023 2,486 2022
  India 2,698 2024 2,485 2023 2,445 2022
  Bangladesh 2,625 2024 2,529 2023 2,528 2022
  Papua New Guinea 2,544 2024 2,994 2023 3,117 2022
  Kiribati 2,455 2024 2,090 2023 1,704 2022
  Congo 2,384 2024 2,509 2023 2,570 2022
  Mauritania 2,376 2024 2,149 2023 2,322 2022
  Ghana 2,232 2024 2,238 2023 2,204 2022
  Kyrgyzstan 2,229 2024 1,970 2023 1,649 2022
  Kenya 2,218 2024 1,950 2023 2,099 2022
  Solomon Islands 2,209 2024 2,203 2023 2,205 2022
  Haiti 2,120 2024 1,693 2023 1,619 2022
  Zimbabwe 2,114 2024 1,592 2023 1,619 2022
  Laos 1,945 2024 2,075 2023 2,040 2022
  Cameroon 1,821 2024 1,674 2023 1,588 2022
  Senegal 1,805 2024 1,746 2023 1,604 2022
  Guinea 1,652 2024 1,664 2023 1,504 2022
  Comoros 1,630 2024 1,587 2023 1,490 2022
  Pakistan 1,588 2024 1,407 2023 1,386 2022
  Benin 1,510 2024 1,435 2023 1,303 2022
  East Timor 1,454 2024 1,648 2023 2,389 2022
  Nepal 1,381 2024 1,324 2023 1,290 2022
  Ethiopia 1,350 2024 1,294 2023 964 2022
  Tajikistan 1,276 2024 1,189 2023 1,054 2022
  Zambia 1,226 2024 1,369 2023 1,456 2022
  Tanzania 1,224 2024 1,211 2023 1,154 [n 11]2022
  Zanzibar 1,192 2022 1,339 2022
  Uganda 1,187 2024 1,014 2023 1,021 2022
  Myanmar 1,179 2024 1,188 2023 1,204 2022
  Guinea-Bissau 1,106 2024 914 2023 748 2022
  Lesotho 1,062 2024 878 2023 992 2022
  Togo 1,051 2024 1,013 2023 914 2022
  Chad 1,013 2024 719 2023 948 2022
  Gambia 989 2024 844 2023 825 2022
  Rwanda 986 2024 1,000 2023 966 2022
  Burkina Faso 908 2024 874 2023 846 2022
  Mali 898 2024 897 2023 833 2022
  Nigeria 877 2024 1,621 2023 2,174 2022
  Sierra Leone 856 2024 433 2023 405 2022
  Liberia 855 2024 799 2023 616 2022
  Somalia 771 2024 644 2023 592 2022
  DR Congo 702 2024 649 2023 588 2022
  Niger 698 2024 618 2023 591 2022
  North Korea 590 2022
  Mozambique 645 2024 608 2023 558 2022
  Eritrea 644 2011 647 2022
  Sudan 606 2024 2,272 2023 784 2022
  Madagascar 563 2024 529 2023 505 2022
  Central African Republic 529 2024 445 2023 429 2022
  Yemen 465 2024 533 2023 327 2022
  Malawi 464 2024 673 2023 615 2022
  Syria 421 2021 840 2022
  Afghanistan 411 2023 353 2022 345 2022
  South Sudan 341 2024 1,072 2015 423 2022
  Burundi 321 2024 200 2023 313 2022

Notes:

Distorted GDP-per-capita for tax havens

Many of the leading GDP-per-capita (nominal) jurisdictions are tax havens whose economic data is artificially inflated by tax-driven corporate accounting entries.

For instance, the Irish GDP data above is subject to material distortion by the tax planning activities of foreign multinationals in Ireland. To address this, in 2017 the Central Bank of Ireland created "modified GNI" (or GNI*) as a more appropriate statistic, and the OECD and IMF have adopted it for Ireland. 2015 Irish GDP is 143% of 2015 Irish GNI*.

A stunning $12 trillion—almost 40 percent of all foreign direct investment positions globally—is completely artificial: it consists of financial investment passing through empty corporate shells with no real activity. These investments in empty corporate shells almost always pass through well-known tax havens. The eight major pass-through economies—the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Hong Kong SAR, the British Virgin Islands, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland, and Singapore—host more than 85 percent of the world’s investment in special purpose entities, which are often set up for tax reasons.

— "Piercing the Veil", International Monetary Fund, June 2018[9]

Further discussion on this topic can be found in the List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita article.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The European Union is included because it is far more than a free trade association such as ASEAN, NAFTA, or Mercosur. It has certain attributes associated with independent countries: its own flag, anthem, currency (for some members), parliament and other law-making abilities, as well as diplomatic representation and a common foreign and security policy when dealing with external partners. However, because the EU is an organization and not a sovereign state, it does not receive a ranking in this list.
  2. ^ a b c Data are for the area controlled by the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.
  3. ^ The name used by the IMF is the "Taiwan Province of China".
  4. ^ a b Figures for China exclude Taiwan, and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  5. ^ Figures exclude special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
  6. ^ a b c Excludes Abkhazia and South Ossetia.
  7. ^ a b c Excludes data for Transnistria.
  8. ^ a b c Figures exclude the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol.
  9. ^ a b The name used by the IMF and World Bank is the "West Bank and Gaza"
  10. ^ The name used by the UN is the "State of Palestine".
  11. ^ The UN figure excludes autonomous region of Zanzibar.

References

  1. ^ O'Sullivan, Arthur
  2. ^ French President seeks alternatives to GDP, The Guardian 14-09-2009.
    "European Parliament, Policy Department Economic and Scientific Policy: Beyond GDP Study" (PDF). (1.47 MB)
  3. ^ Richard Phillips; Matt Gardner; Alexandria Robins; Michelle Surka (2017). "Offshore Shell Games 2017" (PDF). Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy.
  4. ^ "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2024". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 22 October 2024. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  5. ^ "IMF DataMapper / Datasets / World Economic Outlook (October 2024) / GDP per capita, current prices / List (2024)–Analytical group: European Union, World". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 22 October 2024. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  6. ^ "GDP per capita (current US$)". World Development Indicators. The World Bank. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
  7. ^ [1], (Select all countries, "GDP, Per Capita GDP–US Dollars", and "2021" to generate the table), United Nations Statistics Division. Access date: 12 February 2023.
  8. ^ United Nations Statistics Division–National Accounts–Basic Data Selection, unstats.un.org. Manually select the 27 member states, the latest available year (2020) and the parameter "GDP, Per Capita GDP–US Dollars", then press "Send request" to generate the table. Export the table as an Excel file ("Export to .xlsx" button), where you can use the Average formula to determine the GDP per capita at EU level. United Nations. Retrieved 17 November 2022.
  9. ^ "Piercing the Veil, FINANCE & DEVELOPMENT, JUNE 2018, VOL. 55, NO. 2". IMF Finance & Development. June 2018.