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List of fictional astronauts (exploration of outer Solar System)

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Lists of fictional astronauts
Early period Project Mercury Project Gemini
Project Apollo 1975–1989 1990–1999
2000–2009 2010–2029 Moon
Inner Solar System Outer Solar System Other
Far future

The following is a list of fictional astronauts exploring the outer Solar System.

Spacesuit worn by actor Keir Dullea as David Bowman in 2001: A Space Odyssey

Jupiter

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Name(s) Appeared in Program / Mission / Spacecraft Fictional date
K. "Fuj" Fuji (Japan)
F. Glenn (United States) 		Invasion of Astro-Monster (a.k.a. Monster Zero, Battle of the Astros, Godzilla Vs Monster Zero) (1965), film World Space Agency[a] (WSA):
Spaceship P-1 		196X [sic]
Astronauts on mission to "Planet X", newly discovered satellite of Jupiter.[1][2][3]
Bramley, Capt.
Weeke (F/O)
Rand, Cmdr.
38 unnamed astronauts 		Plague from Space (1965), novel Pericles Near Future?
Crew of the first mission to land on Jupiter. The sole survivor returns to Earth carrying a deadly disease. Revised as The Jupiter Plague (1982).[4]
David Bowman, Dr. (Commander)
Frank Poole, Dr. (Co-Pilot)
Charles Hunter, Dr.
Jack R. Kimball, Dr.
Victor F. Kaminsky, Dr. 		2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), film/novel National Council of Astronautics (US):
Discovery One 		1999 – 2001[b]
Astronauts on a mission to find an alien artifact near Jupiter (on Iapetus in the book, and Kimball was renamed Whitehead).[6][7][8][9][10]
Guy Crayford, Cmdr. Doctor Who
The Android Invasion (1975), TV (1978 novel) 		XK-5 Space Raider Contemporary/Near Future
UK Senior Space Defence astronaut vanished, presumed dead, on Jupiter mission. Saved by Kraal alien race who use him in their plans for invasion of Earth.[11]
30 unnamed astronauts (15 men, 15 women) The Better Angels (1979), novel United States:
Humanity (mother ship)
Landing craft 		c. 1992 – 1996
Astronauts who arrive on Ganymede after four-year voyage.[12]
Alexei Leonov:
Tanya Kirbuk (Soviet Air Force) (Commander)
Vladimir Rudenko
Vasili Orlov, Dr.
Maxim "Max" Brailovsky
Irina Yakunina
Heywood R. Floyd, Dr. (US)
R. Chandra, Dr. (US)
Walter Curnow, Dr. (Engineer) (US)

Tsien:
Chang, Professor (First name not given)
Lee, Dr. (First name not given)
Three unnamed astronauts 		2010: Odyssey Two (1982), novel

2010 (a.k.a. 2010: The Year We Make Contact) (1984), film 		Alexei Leonov

Tsien (China) 		2010
Astronauts on a follow-up mission to Jupiter to investigate the loss of Discovery One. Tsien makes disastrous first crewed landing on Europa.[5][13][14]
Amity:
Mac McGuire
Marjorie "Marj" Aubuchon (Surgeon)
Ed Iseminger

Greenswallow:
Herman Selma (Mission commander)
Catherine "Cathie" Perth (Journalist)
Rob Sawyer

Tolstoi:
Victor Landolfi
Esther Crowley
Unnamed astronaut

Catherine Perth:
Ed Iseminger
Unnamed crew 		Promises to Keep (1984), short story The Program:
Amity
Greenswallow
Tolstoi (three Athena vehicles)

Catherine Perth 		Future (December)
Expedition to Jovian system in three linked vehicles. Catherine Perth, equipped with fusion engine, is built for rescue mission to be launched six years later. Frank Steinitz is named as commander of first Saturn expedition aboard five Athena vehicles (including Amity, Greenswallow and Tolstoi) fifteen years earlier.[15][16]
Jacob Hols
Juliet "Julie" Burton
Martha Kivelsen 		The Very Pulse of The Machine (1998), short story First Galilean Satellites Exploratory Mission Future (Late 21st century?)
First crewed landing on Io leads to major discoveries and tragedy. Landing site near Daedalus.[17][18]
Hachirota Hoshino
Werner Locksmith
Hakim Ashmead
Kho Cheng-Shin
Goro Hoshino 		Planetes (2003), anime Von Braun 2075
First crewed space mission to Jupiter.
Matthew David (Commander) (no last name given)
Kara Elizabeth (Exobiologist) (no last name given)
Jeff "Wink" Winkermann 		The Constellation of Sylvie (2005), novel NASA:
Heartland (CSM/LEM) 		Near Future (2032 – 2040?)[c]
First crewed mission to Jupiter gathers ice containing biomorphing microbes from Jovian moon, causing crew to revert to childhood. Landing near Mount Pwyll.[19]
Kim Kronotska, Cmdr.
Tom Braudy
Samuel (no last name given) 		Doctor Who
Memory Lane (2006), audio play 		Led Zeppelin IV 2010s (?)
Commonwealth Space Programme mission to Jupiter that goes wrong.
Yuri Lennon, Capt. Yuri Lennon's Landing on Alpha 46 (2010), short film Little Girl (lander) Future
Astronaut lands on moon of Jupiter to investigate mysterious signal. Mission control in Houston.[20]
Michael Forrest (Commander/Pilot)
Nathaniel "Nathan" Miller (Biologist/Geologist/Oceanographer/Doctor) 		Astronaut: The Last Push (aka The Last Push) (2012), film Moffitt Industries:
Life One
"Little Ahab" (submersible) 		2017 – 2022
Mission to Europa with Venus gravity assist goes wrong when micrometeoroid strikes spacecraft.[21][22]
Dun "William" Xu (Commander)
Rosa Dasque (Pilot/Archivist)
Daniel Luxembourg, Dr. (Chief Science Officer)
Katya Petrovna, Dr. (Science Officer)
Andrei Blok (Chief Engineer)
James Corrigan (Engineer) 		Europa Report (2013), film Europa Ventures:
Europa One 		Near Future
First crewed mission to Europa discovers life under the ice. Landing in Conamara Chaos, near Thera Macula and Thrace Macula.[23][24]
Unnamed astronaut Voice Over (2013), short film Unknown Future
Astronaut trying to reach oxygen supply after crash landing, possibly on one of Jupiter's moons.[d][25]
Gordon Harper, Ph.D. (Commander) (USAF)
Tal (Pilot/Physicist)
Nisha T. Devi (Engineer) (India)
Ivanov (Astrogeologist/Physician) (Russia)
"Sully" Sullivan, Ph.D. (Mission Specialist)
Thebes (Engineer) (South Africa) 		Good Morning, Midnight (2016), novel Shuttle

Aether
Landing modules

International Space Station
Soyuz 		Future (21st century)
Astronauts returning to Earth from Jupiter after losing contact with Mission Control; made landings on Ganymede and Callisto. Harper and Sullivan are ISS veterans; Harper holds world record for greatest number of spaceflights.[26][27][28]
Quebec Space Agency:
Luc Côté, OQ (CEO)

Projet-M:
Vincent Köhler, OQ (Commander)
Andréa Sakedaris, OQ (Dr.) (Scientific Officer)
Jonathan "Jo" Leforest, OQ (Mission Specialist)
Justine Roberval, OQ (Flight Specialist)

German National Station:
Philip Dreker (Commander)

Russian National Station:
Kelvin Ivanovitch Droski (Commander)
Two unnamed cosmonauts 		1000 Days in Space (a.k.a. Project-M) (2018), film Agence Spatiale Québécoise/Quebec Space Agency
Projet-M (Project-M):
M-Station (space station)
Escape capsule

German National Station

Russian National Station
Soyuz 		Future
Astronauts spending 1000 days on space station to prove viability of mission to Europa when nuclear war breaks out on Earth. Köhler was the second man on Mars. Côté previously flew in Earth orbit with Sky Xplorer Industries, an American company.
Amy Michaels (NASA) (Commander)
Francesca Rossi (ESA) (Mission Pilot)
Hayato Masukoshi (JAXA) (Engineer)
Martin Neumayer (ESA) (Engineer)
Jiaying Lin (CNSA) (Exobiologist/Geologist) 		The Io Encounter (2018), novel
ILSE
Landing modules 		2046 – 2049
Crewed mission to Jupiter's moon Io to search for life. The ILSE return to Earth from Saturn Moon's Enceladus and Titan

Saturn

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Name(s) Appeared in Program / Mission / Spacecraft Fictional date
Renaissance:
Shaun Geoffrey Christopher (a.k.a. Sean Geoffrey, Sean Jeffrey, Sean Jeoffrey), Col. (Commander)
Shirin Ludden, Cmdr. (Pilot)

Lewis & Clark:
Shaun Geoffrey Christopher (Commander)
Alice Fontana, Capt. (Canada) (Co-Pilot)
Marcus O'Herlihy, Dr. 		Star Trek
Tomorrow Is Yesterday (1967), TV

Star Trek
The Rings of Time (2012), novel 		Space Shuttle
Renaissance

U.S.S. Lewis & Clark 		June 2020 – January 2021
The first "probe" to travel from Earth to Saturn.[29][30][31][32]
Stan Brandon, Maj. (New Zealand) (Pilot)
Nissim Ben-Haim, Dr. (Israel) (Physicist)
Aldo Gabrielli, Dr. (US) (Electronic Engineer) 		"Pressure" (1969), short story C. Huygens (aka "the Ball") Future
First crewed attempt to reach surface of Saturn. C. Huygens is a ball-shaped craft assembled at Saturn One satellite station.[33]
Steve West, Col.
Two other astronauts 		The Incredible Melting Man (1977), film Scorpio V
Scorpio VII 		Future
Astronaut whose physiology is horribly altered due to radiation exposure during the first mission to Saturn.[34][35]
Cirocco "Rocky" Jones, Capt. (Mission Commander)
Bill (Chief Engineer) (no last name given)
Calvin Greene, Dr. (Surgeon/Biologist/Ecologist)
Gaby Plauget (Astronomer)
April 15/02 Polo (Physicist)
August 3/02 Polo (Physicist)
Eugene Springfield (Satellite Excursion Module Pilot) 		Titan (1979), novel NASA
DSV Ringmaster 		2025
NASA astronauts who discover alien artifact in orbit around Saturn. The Polo sisters are clones.[36]
Jean Broberg (Physicist)
Mark Danzig (Chemist)
Luis Garcilaso (Pilot)
Colin Scobie (Geologist) 		The Saturn Game (1981), novella Moon lander c. 2057
Expedition from colony-size ship Chronos makes first crewed landing on Iapetus, but is endangered by expedition members' absorption in a fantasy role-playing game.[37][38]
NTI geological research team:
Ted Lonergan
Howard Dunn

Concorde:
Unnamed mission coordinator
Unnamed technicians

Shenandoah:
David Perkins (Mission Commander)
Mike Davidson,[e] Cmdr. (Captain)
Melanie Bryce (Security Officer)
Susan Delambre (Scientist)
Beth Sladen (Engineer)
Jon Fennel (Researcher)
Wendy H. Oliver, Dr. (Biophysicist/Medic)

Richter Dynamics spacecraft:
Hans Rudy Hofner
21 unnamed personnel 		Creature (a.k.a. The Titan Find) (1985), film NTI Corporation (United States):
Concorde (space station orbiting Earth's Moon)
Shenandoah

Richter Dynamics (West Germany) 		Future (from April 5)
Personnel from rival companies searching for alien artifacts on Titan.[39]
Alan Greene (Expedition overseer)
Consuelo Hong (Organic chemist)
Elizabeth O'Brien 		"Slow Life" (2002), novelette NAFTASA:
Clement
Harry Stubbs (lander) 		Future
Astronauts on expedition to Titan.[40]
Unnamed cosmonaut Glory to the Conquerors of Space (2008), short film Soviet Union (Soyuz?) Unknown
Female cosmonaut meets purple-skinned humanoids on Titan.[41]
Unnamed astronaut The Forgotten Astronaut (2013), short film Space Shuttle
Voyager 6 		2012
Astronaut returns from secret mission to Saturn, but no one on Earth remembers him. Mission launched c. early 1980s.[42]
Jack Harper (USA) (Mission Commander)
Victoria "Vika" Olsen (UK)
Yulia Rusakova (Russia)
K. Ishioka (Japan)
Five unnamed astronauts 		Oblivion (2013), film NASA:
Odyssey 		c. 2017
Crewed mission to Saturn's moon Titan is diverted to investigate a strange extraterrestrial tetrahedral object. Harper and Olsen are abducted and cloned, while the other hibernating crew members automatically return to Earth. The Odyssey was launched in 2015 and encounters the object in 2017.
Amy Michaels (NASA) (Mission Commander)
Francesca Rossi (ESA) (Mission Pilot)
Hayato Masukoshi (JAXA) (Engineer)
Martin Neumayer (ESA) (Engineer)
Jiaying Lin (CNSA) (Exobiologist/Geologist)
Dmitri "Mytia" Marchenko (FKA) (Physician/Biochemist) 		The Enceladus Mission (2017), novel
The Titan Probe (2018), novel
ILSE
Landing modules 		2046 – 2049
International mission travels to Saturn's moons Enceladus and Titan to search for life.
Unnamed astronauts What If You Fell Into Saturn? (2018), short film NASA Future
Educational cartoon about what would happen if spacewalking astronaut fell into Saturn.
Ashley Maverick, Dr.

Chaser I:
Tom (no last name given) 		Titan (2019), short film NASA:
Chaser I 		c. 2068[f]
NASA astronaut on solo mission to colonize Titan. Chaser spacecraft has FTL engines. Dr. Maverick pioneered commercial interplanetary exploration with flight to Karman Line.

Uranus

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Name(s) Appeared in Program / Mission / Spacecraft Fictional date
Eric Nilsson, Cmdr. (Denmark)
Donald Graham, Capt.
Karl Heinrich, Lt. Cmdr. (Astrogator)
Barry O'Sullivan (Ireland) (Communications Officer)
Svend Viltoft (Chief Engineer) 		Journey to the Seventh Planet (1962), film United Nations:
Explorer 12 		2001
Astronauts on Uranus encounter dangers drawn from their own minds.[43][44][45][46]
Unnamed astronaut The Old Astronaut (2014), short film NASA Future
Elderly veteran of missions to Mercury, Venus and Mars plots to crash spacecraft into Uranus.[47]

Neptune

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Name(s) Appeared in Program / Mission / Spacecraft Fictional date
Event Horizon:
John Kilpack (Captain)
Chris Chambers
Ben Fender
Janice Reuben
Dick Smith

Lewis & Clark:
S.J. Miller, Capt.
M.I. Starck, Lt. (Executive Officer)
T.F. "Coop" Cooper (Rescue Technician)
D.J. (EMS/Trauma) (no last name given)
F.M. "Baby Bear" Justin (Engineering)
Peters (Medical Technician) (no first name given)
W.F. "Smitty" Smith (Pilot)
William Weir, Dr. (IASA)

Rescue 1:
Unnamed crewmembers 		Event Horizon (1997), film Daylight Station (space station)
Event Horizon

US Aerospace Command (U.S.A.C.):
Lewis & Clark
Rescue 1 		2047
Event Horizon launched in 2040 on mission to Proxima Centauri with experimental "gravity drive"; disappears on January 23, 2040. The ship reappears in Neptune space in 2047; Lewis & Clark is sent to investigate. Dr. Weir was the Event Horizon's designer. Edmund "Eddie" Corrick, a bosun, served with Miller on the Goliath and was killed in an onboard fire.[48][49]
Unnamed astronaut Empsillnes (2015), short film Unknown Future
Lone astronaut confronts menacing spacecraft in orbit of planet that appears to be Neptune.[50]
Unnamed astronauts Atlas (2016), short film United Nations:
Odyssey 		2066 – October 5, 2068
Odyssey disappears 900 days into mission to outer Solar System to investigate Atlas-157, a mysterious object in Neptunian orbit. Odyssey traveled to Neptune via Jupiter and Saturn. Mission controlled from Houston.[51]
Thomas Pruitt, Col.

Lima Project:
H. Clifford McBride, Dr. (USAF) (Commander)
Unnamed astronauts

Cepheus:
Lawrence Tanner, Capt. (Commander)
Donald Stanford (Co-pilot)
Lorraine Deavers
Franklin Yoshida
Roy R. McBride, Maj. 		Ad Astra (2019), film United States Space Command (SPACECOM):
Lima Project
Cepheus 		Near Future
Lima Project spacecraft disappeared on mission to Neptune. Years later, Roy McBride travels to Mars to attempt contact with his father, H. Clifford McBride, when mysterious power surges from Lima Project threaten rest of Solar System.[52]

Notes

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  1. ^ "World Space Authority" in American version.
  2. ^ According to opening sequence of 2010 film.[5]
  3. ^ Pages 136 and 184 possibly imply that the book ends 123 years after 1917.
  4. ^ One of the planets in the sky appears to be Ganymede.
  5. ^ Spelled "Davison" in closing credits.
  6. ^ Apollo 11 Moon landing was "just under 100 years ago".

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Lees, J. D.; Cerasini, Marc (1998). The Official Godzilla Compendium. Random House. pp. 32–33. ISBN 0-679-88822-5.
  2. ^ Westfahl, Gary (2012). The Spacesuit Film: A History, 1918-1969. McFarland & Company. pp. 284–285. ISBN 978-0-7864-4267-6.
  3. ^ Scheib, Richard (May 5, 2005). "Monster Zero (1965)". Moria Science Fiction, Horror and Fantasy Film Review. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  4. ^ Harrison, Harry (1991). Plague from Space. Orbit. ISBN 0-7221-4443-1.
  5. ^ a b "2010". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. American Film Institute. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
  6. ^ Clarke, Arthur C. (1968). 2001: A Space Odyssey. Based on a screenplay by Stanley Kubrick and Arthur C. Clarke. New American Library. LCCN 68-29754.
  7. ^ Westfahl 2012, pp. 299–307
  8. ^ Scheib, Richard (July 8, 2002). "2001: A Space Odyssey (1968)". Moria Science Fiction, Horror and Fantasy Film Review. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  9. ^ Brode, Douglas (2015). Fantastic Planets, Forbidden Zones, and Lost Continents: The 100 Greatest Science-Fiction Films. University of Texas Press. pp. 150–153. ISBN 978-0-292-73919-2.
  10. ^ "2001: A Space Odyssey". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. American Film Institute. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
  11. ^ Howe, David J.; Stammers, Mark; Walker, Stephen James (1992). Doctor Who The Handbook – The Fourth Doctor. Target Books. pp. 71–73. ISBN 0-426-20369-0.
  12. ^ McCarry, Charles (2008). The Better Angels. Overlook Duckworth. ISBN 978-1-59020-004-9.
  13. ^ Clarke, Arthur C. (1982). 2010: Odyssey Two. Del Rey Books. ISBN 0-345-30305-9.
  14. ^ Scheib, Richard (April 9, 2001). "2010 (1984)". Moria Science Fiction, Horror and Fantasy Film Review. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  15. ^ McDevitt, Jack (December 1984). "Promises to Keep". Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine.
  16. ^ McDevitt, Jack (2000). "Promises to Keep". In Dozois, Gardner (ed.). Explorers: SF Adventures to Far Horizons. St. Martin's Griffin. pp. 359–373. ISBN 0-312-25462-8.
  17. ^ Swanwick, Michael (February 1998). "The Very Pulse of The Machine". Asimov's Science Fiction.
  18. ^ Swanwick, Michael (2002). "The Very Pulse of The Machine". In Ashley, Mike (ed.). The Mammoth Book of Science Fiction. Carroll & Graf Publishers. pp. 347–367. ISBN 0-7867-1004-7.
  19. ^ Townley, Roderick (2005). The Constellation of Sylvie. Atheneum Books for Young Readers. ISBN 978-0-689-85713-3.
  20. ^ Anthony Vouardoux (Director/Co-Writer) (2010). Yuri Lennon's Landing on Alpha 46 (Motion picture). Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  21. ^ "LIFE ONE mission info". Eric Hayden. 2013. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  22. ^ Scheib, Richard (August 24, 2023). "Astronaut: The Last Push (2012)". Moria Science Fiction, Horror and Fantasy Film Review. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
  23. ^ Scheib, Richard (November 24, 2013). "Europa Report (2013)". Moria Science Fiction, Horror and Fantasy Film Review. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
  24. ^ "Europa Report". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. American Film Institute. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
  25. ^ Martin Rosete (Director) (2013). Voice Over (Motion picture) (in French and English). Retrieved June 17, 2015.
  26. ^ Brooks-Dalton, Lily (2016). Good Morning, Midnight. Random House. ISBN 978-0-8129-9889-4.
  27. ^ O'Hanlon, Eilis (August 15, 2016). "New Fiction: Good Morning, Midnight by Lily Brooks-Dalton". Irish Independent. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  28. ^ Cutaia, Sara (August 17, 2016). "'Good Morning, Midnight' Imagines the World Gone Dark". Chicago Review of Books. Retrieved May 5, 2021.
  29. ^ Fontana, D. C. (January 26, 1967). "Tomorrow Is Yesterday". Star Trek. Season 1. Episode 19. NBC.
  30. ^ Goldstein, Stan; Goldstein, Fred (1980). Star Trek Spaceflight Chronology. Pocket Books. pp. 36, 45. ISBN 0-671-79089-7.
  31. ^ Okuda, Michael; Okuda, Denise (1993). Star Trek Chronology: The History of the Future. Pocket Books. p. 18. ISBN 0-671-79611-9.
  32. ^ Cox, Greg (2012). Star Trek: The Rings of Time. Pocket Books. ISBN 978-1-4516-5547-6.
  33. ^ Harrison, Harry (2001). "Pressure". 50 in 50. Tor Books. pp. 61–75. ISBN 0-312-87789-7.
  34. ^ Scheib, Richard (16 May 1999). "The Incredible Melting Man (1977)". Moria Science Fiction, Horror and Fantasy Film Review. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
  35. ^ "The Incredible Melting Man". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. American Film Institute. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
  36. ^ Varley, John (1979). Titan. Berkley Publishing. ISBN 0-399-12326-1.
  37. ^ Anderson, Poul (February 2, 1981). "The Saturn Game". Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact.
  38. ^ Anderson, Poul (1986). "The Saturn Game". In Asimov, Isaac (ed.). The Hugo Winners. Vol. 5, 1980–1982. Doubleday. pp. 269–325. ISBN 0-385-18946-X.
  39. ^ "Creature". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. American Film Institute. Retrieved May 20, 2022.
  40. ^ Swanwick, Michael (August 2012). "Slow Life". Lightspeed Magazine. No. 27. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
  41. ^ Ryan Suits (Writer/Director) (2008). Glory to the Conquerors of Space (Motion picture). Retrieved August 20, 2018.
  42. ^ Bruce Gatward-Cook (Writer/Director/Producer) (2013). The Forgotten Astronaut (Motion picture). Retrieved December 10, 2017.
  43. ^ Westfahl 2012, pp. 195–197
  44. ^ Scheib, Richard (September 3, 2002). "Journey to the Seventh Planet (1962)". Moria Science Fiction, Horror and Fantasy Film Review. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  45. ^ Warren, Bill (2010). Keep Watching the Skies! American Science Fiction Movies of the Fifties. McFarland & Company. pp. 466–470. ISBN 978-1-4766-6618-1.
  46. ^ "Journey to the Seventh Planet". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. American Film Institute. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
  47. ^ Donn Weber (Writer/Director) (2014). The Old Astronaut (Motion picture). Retrieved May 15, 2017.
  48. ^ Scheib, Richard (January 18, 2010). "Event Horizon (1997)". Moria Science Fiction, Horror and Fantasy Film Review. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  49. ^ "Event Horizon". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. American Film Institute. Retrieved November 9, 2021.
  50. ^ Jakub Grygier (Writer/Director/Producer) (2015). Empsillnes (Motion picture). Retrieved July 24, 2019.
  51. ^ Benedict Jewer (2016). Atlas (Motion picture). Retrieved February 14, 2021.
  52. ^ Scheib, Richard (December 14, 2019). "Ad Astra (2019)". Moria Science Fiction, Horror and Fantasy Film Review. Retrieved December 17, 2019.
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