Wikipedia

List of first female pharmacists by country

This is a list of the first qualified female pharmacists to practice in each country, where that is known.

Please note: the list should foremost contain the first female pharmacist with a formal qualification from each country. Historically, it was normal for widows of apothecaries and pharmacist to inherit their late husband's profession without being formally qualified. These cases – and other of note – can be noted in the margin, but should not be listed first.

Africa

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Country Pharmacist Year
  Benin C. Oviasu (née Ukponmwan)[1]
  Cameroon Jeanne Ngo Maï[2] 1962
  Cape Verde Judite (Judith) Lima[3] c. 1961
  Ghana Sackey Nee Vanderpuye[4]
  Ivory Coast Hortense Aka-Anghui[5]
  Liberia Clavenda Parker[6]
  Libya Wedad Muhammad Al-Senussi Al-Saqzli[7] 1961
  Mali Rokia Sanogo[8] 1989
  Morocco Fatima Al-Zahra Al-Warzazi[9] 1912
  Namibia Lahya Hafeni, Anastancia Aluvilu, Fundisile Msibi, Tumo Pelekekae[10] 2015
  Nigeria Oreoluwa Green*[11] 1916
  South Africa Lily Heymann[12] 1916
  Togo Abra Amédome[13]
  Tunisia Lucia Campisi[14] (born in Italy)
  Uganda Catherine Kisumba[15] 1960
  Zimbabwe Nora Price[16][17] (born in Wales; country then known as Rhodesia)
  • Namibia: There might be more female graduates, as the names listed were the only women named in the cited article.
  • Nigeria: Green is considered to have been the first female pharmacist in West Africa. Ekanem Bassey Ikpeme was considered the first native female pharmacist in Nigeria.[18]
  • Tunisia: Dorra Bouzid is considered the first female pharmacist in Tunisia after independence. She started her practice sometime during the 1960s.[19]

Americas

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Country Pharmacist Year
  Argentina Élida Passo[20] 1885
  Bahamas Gertrude Burnside[21]
  Bolivia Rosa Mercedes Guerra[22] 1921
  Brazil Maria Luiza Torrezão[23] 1887
  Canada A. Adrienne Preevoot[24] 1901
  Chile Griselda Hinojosa[25] 1889
  Costa Rica Felícitas Chaverri Matamoros[26] 1917
  Cuba María Dolores Marty and Eloisa Figueroa Marty[27] 1886
  Curaçao Dymphna van heb Elizabeths-Gasthu[28] 1911
  Dominican Republic Encarnación Piñeyro[29][30]
  El Salvador Mercedes Amanda Martínez and Margarita Lanza[31] 1930
  Guatemala Olimpia Altuve[32] 1919
  Guyana Raymonde Horth[33] 1905
  Honduras Corina Barahona[34] 1931
  Mexico Esther Luque Muñoz[35] c. 1906
  Nicaragua Elba Ochomogo Portocarrero de Hernandez[36] 1922
  Peru Nicolasa Butler[37] 1839
  Suriname Esseline Juliette Polanen[38] 1936
  Trinidad and Tobago Amy Cox Rochford[39] c. 1927
  United States Susan Hayhurst[40][41] 1883
  Venezuela María Fernández Bawden[42] 1927
  • Canada: Preevoot was considered the first Canadian woman to pass the pharmacy exam by law.
  • Chile: Glafira Vargas was the first female to graduate with a pharmacy degree in 1887, though Hinojosa appears to be the first female to work as a pharmacist upon graduation.[43][44]
  • Curaçao: van heb Elizabeths-Gasthu was said to have been the first woman to have passed the exam for an assistant pharmacist in the colony.
  • Guatemala: Altuve is considered the first Central American woman to have obtained a university degree.
  • United States: Elizabeth Gooking Greenleaf was the first not formally qualified pharmacist to practice in 1727.[45] Hayhust was the first woman to receive a pharmacy degree in the United States in 1883. Ella P. Stewart was one of the first African-American female pharmacists in the United States.[46][47]

Asia

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Country Pharmacist Year
  Azerbaijan Mahbuba Valiyeva[48] 1971
  Bahrain Layla Ahmed Abdulrahman[49]
  India Sneh Rani Jain[50]
  Indonesia Charlotte Jacobs[51] 1879
  Iraq Josephine Bourjouni and Rahima Youssef[52] 1940
  Iran Aqdas Gharbi and Akhtar Ferdows[53] 1941
  Israel Sarah Mel[54]
  Japan Naoe Okamoto[55] 1885
  Jordan Nabila Shoura Irsheidat[56] c. 1950s
  Korea Cha Soon-seok[57] 1924
  Lebanon Zahie Barakat[58] 1928
    Nepal Bijay Laxmi Shrestha[59]
  Oman Batool Jaffer[60] 1977
  Pakistan Nasima Jamil[61][62][63] c. 1967
  Philippines Filomena Francisco and Matilde S. Arquiza[64] 1908
  Qatar Zakia Malallah[65]
  Saudi Arabia Samira bint Ibrahim Islam[66] 1982
  Singapore Lucy Wan[67][68] 1958
  Syria Najah Saati[69] 1949
  Taiwan Lin Caisan[70] 1951
  Thailand Prasit Prakobnil[71]
  United Arab Emirates Suhaila Al-Awadi[69]
  Vietnam Pham Thi Hao[72][73]

Europe

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Country Pharmacist Year
  Albania Emili Dishnica Gliozheni[74] (then known as Socialist Albania) 1961
  Austria Gisela Kun[75] c. 1906
  Belarus H-B. Geronimus (Taubina)[76]
  Belgium Jeanne Rademackers[77][78] 1885
  Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajka Ljubica Jokanovic[79] 1914
  Bulgaria Anna Belizarova Yakova[80] 1911
  Croatia Vjera Rojc Katušić[81] 1913
  Czech Republic Ruzena Krontilová-Librova[82] (then known as Czechoslovakia) 1904
  Denmark Charlotte Schou and Nielsine Schousen[83] 1896
  Estonia Alma Tomingas[84] 1933
  Finland Hilda Amanda Brunberg[85] 1874
  France Hélina Leiannier-Gaboriau[86] 1898
  Germany Magdalena Neff[87] 1906
  Greece Polymnia Panagiotidou[88] 1899
  Hungary Erzsébet Légrády[89] and Thinagel Szerafin[82] 1903
  Iceland Jóhanna Magnúsdóttir[90] 1928
  Ireland Christina Jesop Wilson[91] 1900
  Italy Dorina Crespi Andini[92] 1895
  Latvia Staņislava Dovgjallo[93]
  Lithuania Juzefa Girdzijevska[94] 1870
  Malta Caterina Vitale[95] 1590
  Netherlands Aaltje Visser[96] 1868
  North Macedonia Rajna Aleksova[97] 1906
  Norway Helga Eide[82] 1893
  Poland Antonina Leśniewska[98][99] 1884
  Portugal Maria Serpa dos Santos[100] 1947
  Romania Paulina Cruceanu[101] and Clara Colesin[82] 1892
  Russia Antonina Boleslavovna Lesnevskaya and Zinaida I. Akker[102] 1897
  Serbia Desanka Ruvidić Okoličanin[103] 1913
  Slovakia Ruzena Krontilová-Librova[82] (then known as Czechoslovakia) 1904
  Slovenia Emilija Fon[104] 1915
  Spain Dolores Rodriguez[82] 1893
  Sweden Märtha Leth[105] 1897
   Switzerland Clara Winnicki[106] 1905
  Turkey Fatma Belkis Derman[107] 1930
  Ukraine Anna Mikhailovna Makarova[108] 1892
  United Kingdom Frances Elizabeth Deacon[109] 1870
  • Belgium: Certain sources cite Louise Popelin (sister of Belgium's first female lawyer Marie Popelin) or Ida Huys as Belgium's first female pharmacist. They both completed their exams in 1887.[110][82]
  • Czech Republic and Slovakia: Other sources cited Elza Fantová as the first Bohemia woman to earn a pharmaceutical degree in 1908.[111] Krontilová-Librova started her pharmacy practice in 1904 and became the first female pharmacy student at the University of Prague in 1907 (graduating in 1909).
  • Finland: The first female pharmacist to qualify without dispensation in Finland was Helene Aejneleus in 1911. Brunberg was the first women to be qualified by dispensation.
  • Germany: Anne of Denmark, Electress of Saxony was a non-professional female pharmacist in Germany.[112] Helena Magenbuch and Maria Andreae were professional pharmacists in the 16th-century.
  • Ireland: Wilson was the first female pharmacist to qualify in the south of Ireland.
  • Italy: Elisa Gagnatelli and Edvige Moroni were the first women to pass the pharmacy exam in 1897.[82]
  • Netherlands: In the Netherlands and the Dutch East Indies, Charlotte Jacobs became the first female pharmacist with a degree in 1879.[51]
  • Norway: Christine Dahl passed her assistant pharmacy exam in 1889, but Eide was considered the first female pharmacist.[82]
  • Poland: Although Lesniewska was considered the first female pharmacist, Filipina and Konstancja Studzinska (sisters) were the first women to pass the pharmacy examination in 1824.[82]
  • Russia: Olga Evgenevna Gabrilovich was the first female pharmacist to earn a degree in 1906.[113]
  • Sweden: Leth was the first female pharmacist to have fulfilled a formal qualification. Maria Dauerer was the first female pharmacist to have obtained a license.[114] The first woman to have obtained a degree in pharmacology was Agnes Arvidsson (1903).[115]
  • Ukraine: Makarova, a Kiev University (Ukraine) graduate, was the first woman to pass the examination for the title of pharmaceutical assistant.[108]

Oceania

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Country Pharmacist Year
  Australia Caroline Copp[116][117] 1880
  Fiji Lila Thakerar[118] 1979
  New Zealand Elizabeth Robinson[119] 1881

See also

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References

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  99. ^ Two nuns of Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, Filipina and Konstancja Studzińskie, was given dispensation to take a degree in pharmacy at the Jagiellonian University in 1824, and Jadwiga Klemensiewicz, Janina Kosmowska and Stanisława Dowgiałłówna became the first female pharmacists to graduate in Poland rather than abroad.
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  103. ^ "Zanimljivosti iz sveta farmacije". Moj Nedeljnik. Retrieved 2021-11-04.
  104. ^ "Fon, Emilija (1897–1984) – Slovenska biografija". www.slovenska-biografija.si. Retrieved 2021-11-10.
  105. ^ Idun 29 januari 1897: Martha Leth. Sveriges första kvinnliga farmaceut
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  107. ^ Tekiner, Halil; Mat, Afife (2019). "Fatma Belkis Derman (1906–1958): The first female community pharmacist in Turkey". PHARMACEUTICAL HISTORIAN.
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  110. ^ The Pharmaceutical Era. D. O. Haynes & Company. 1899.
  111. ^ "Významné osobnosti z řad židovských farmaceutů z českých zemí od ppt stáhnout". slideplayer.cz. Retrieved 2021-11-22.
  112. ^ Naumann, Rolf (1953). "Anna, Kurfürstin von Sachsen". Neue Deutsche Biographie. Retrieved 2016-10-21.
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