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List of protected areas of Himachal Pradesh

Forests in the state of Himachal Pradesh (northern India) currently cover an area of nearly 37,939 square kilometres (14,648 sq mi), which is about 68.16% of the total land area of the state. The forests were once considered to be the main source of income of the state[1] and most of the original forests were clear felled. The emphasis has shifted, however, from exploitation to conservation. The state government aims to increase forest cover to 50% of the total land area. There have been various projects, including the establishment of protected areas such as National Parks, designed to preserve and expand the forests.

Preservation and nationalisation of forests

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Steps are being taken to intensify environmental preservation and sustainable development in the Himachal Pradesh region. All remaining forests in Himachal Pradesh have been nationalised under the supervision of the officers like Indian forest service, Himachal Forest Service and seasoned Range/Dy.Range Forest Officers.[2] Felling of trees and sale of timber is now controlled by the State Forest Corporation, and an Enforcement Organisation has been established to prevent the illegal felling of trees and the smuggling of timber. Hunting has also been restricted.[3]

The government has created 33 Sanctuaries, and five National Parks. Additional national parks sites are proposed.[4]

Reforestation programs

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A World Bank assisted Social Forestry Project has been launched. The aim of the project is to plant more trees for fuel, fodder, and timber to meet the basic requirements of the local people, thus avoiding depletion of the old growth forests. The deforested Kandi areas are also being reafforested in another project financially assisted by the World Bank.

Other programs

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An integrated water shed department project for Shivaliks is also under construction.

Fact and figures

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Forest Cover (1996-1997) Area
Reserved Forests 1896 km2.
Protected Forests 33123 km2.
Unclassed Forest 886 km2.
Other Forests 370 km2.
Forests not under control of Forest Department 758 km2.

Sanctuaries and National Parks

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Himachal Pradesh has five national parks and thirty-two wildlife sanctuaries, which are listed below:[5]

Sanctuaries and National Parks Area (km2) Year of Notification
Great Himalayan National Park 905.4 (2010),[6] originally 754.40[7] 1984
Inderkilla National Park 104 2010
Khirganga National Park 710 2010
Pin Valley National Park 675 1987
Simbalbara National Park 27.88 (2010), originally 19.03[8] 1958[7]
Bandli Wildlife Sanctuary 41.32 1974
Chail Wildlife Sanctuary 108.54 1976
Churdhar Wildlife Sanctuary 56.15 1985
Daranghati Wildlife Sanctuary 167.00 1974
Darlaghat Wildlife Sanctuary 6.00 1974
Dhauladhar Wildlife Sanctuary 943.98 1994
Gamgul Siahbehi Wildlife Sanctuary 108.85 1974
Govind Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary 100.34 1962
Kais Wildlife Sanctuary 14.19 1954
Kalatop Khajjiar Wildlife Sanctuary 30.69 1949
Kanwar Wildlife Sanctuary 61.57 1954
Khokhan Wildlife Sanctuary 14.05 1954
Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary 2220.12 1992
Kugti Wildlife Sanctuary 378.86 1962
Lippa Asrang Wildlife Sanctuary 349 (2002), originally 30.89[9] 1962
Maharana Pratap Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary 3207.29 1983
Majthal Wildlife Sanctuary 40.00 1974
Manali Wildlife Sanctuary 31.80 1954
Naina Devi Wildlife Sanctuary 123.00 1962
Nargu Wildlife Sanctuary 278.37 1974
Raksham-Chitkul Wildlife Sanctuary formerly Sangla Wildlife Sanctuary[10] 304 (2001),[5][10] originally 650[7] 1989
Renuka Wildlife Sanctuary 4.02 1964
Rupi Bhaba Wildlife Sanctuary 269.00 1982
Sainj Wildlife Sanctuary (merged into Great Himalayan National Park in 2010)[6] 90.00 1994[7]
Sechu Tuan Nala Wildlife Sanctuary 102.95 1974
Shikari Devi Wildlife Sanctuary 72.00 1974
Shilli Wildlife Sanctuary 2.13 1974
Shimla Water Catchment Wildlife Sanctuary 10.25 1958
Talra Wildlife Sanctuary 26.00 1962
Tirthan Wildlife Sanctuary (merged into Great Himalayan National Park in 2010)[6] 61 1994[7]
Tundah Wildlife Sanctuary 64 1962
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  •  
    Barking deer (HP wildlife)
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    Snow Leopard (HP wildlife)
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    Deer (Kufri, nature park)

References

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  1. ^ Sharma, L. R. (1987). The Economy of Himachal Pradesh: Growth and Structure: a Study in Development Performance. Delhi: Mittal Publications. OCLC 16352893.
  2. ^ Vasan, Sudha (2002). "Ethnography of the forest guard: contrasting discourses, conflicting roles and policy implementation". Economic and Political Weekly. 37 (40): 4125–4133. JSTOR 4412694.
  3. ^ "Himachal Pradesh: Economy: Forest in Himachal". WebIndia 123. 2000.
  4. ^ "Himachal Tourism Department". Archived from the original on 24 March 2010. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  5. ^ a b "National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries of Himachal Pradesh". Wildlife Institute of India, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India. 22 January 2014.
  6. ^ a b c Sainj WLS and Tirthan WLS were merged into the Great Himalayan National Park in 2010. Department of Forest, Government of Himachal Pradesh (28 July 2010). "Department Notification Number FFE-B-F(6)11/2005, Great Himalayan National Park" (PDF). ENVIS Centre on Wildlife & Protected Areas. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 November 2017.
  7. ^ a b c d e "National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries of Himachal Pradesh". Wildlife Institute of India, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India. 2000. Archived from the original on 24 December 2004.
  8. ^ Department of Forest, Government of Himachal Pradesh (28 July 2010). "Department Notification Number FFE-B-F(6)11/2005, Simbalbara National Park" (PDF). ENVIS Centre on Wildlife & Protected Areas. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 November 2017.
  9. ^ Department of Forests, Government of Himachal Pradesh (16 March 2002). "Department Notification Number FFE-B-F(6)-2/99-II, Lipa Asrang Wild Life Sanctuary" (PDF). Wildlife Institute of India, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India.
  10. ^ a b Sangla Wildlife Sanctuary was renamed and decreased in size in 2001. Department of Forest, Government of Himachal Pradesh (7 September 2001). "Department Notification Number FFE-B-F(6)2199-II, Rakchham-Chhitkul Wildlife Sanctuary" (PDF). ENVIS Centre on Wildlife & Protected Areas. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 November 2017.
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