Mauli was a dynasty of kings that ruled the Bhumi Malayu or Dharmasraya kingdom, centered in the Batanghari river system (today Jambi and West Sumatra provinces, Sumatra), from the 11th century to the 14th century.[1] Most Mauli kings were Mahayana—Vajrayana Buddhists.
History
editThe dynasty appeared almost two centuries after the fall of the Sailendra dynasty that ruled Srivijaya, after the Chola invasion in 1025, led by Rajendra from Tamil Nadu, India. It seems that the family was once the member of the Srivijayan mandala and stepped into the power to rule the former Srivijayan mandala which included Sumatra and Malay Peninsula. The dynasty was based on the Batanghari river system, initially centered in Muaro Jambi, and considered as the successor state of Srivijaya. In the later period, the kingdom's capital shifted inland upstream from Batanghari to Dharmasraya, and later moved further inland to Pagaruyung in present-day West Sumatra province.
List of rulers
editFollowing is the list of Mauli kings that ruled Bhumi Malayu:
| Year | King's name | Stylized title | Capital / center of power |
Inscription, embassies, and events |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1183 | Trailokyaraj | Srimat Trailokyaraja Maulibhusana Warmadewa | Dharmasraya | Grahi inscription dated 1183 in Grahi (Chaiya), Southern Thailand Malay Peninsula. |
| 1286 | Tribhuvanaraj | Srimat Tribhuvanaraja Mauli Warmadewa | Dharmasraya | Pamalayu expedition launched by Singhasari from Java, Padang Roco inscription dated 1286 in today Dharmasraya Regency. |
| 1300 | Akrendravarman | Sri Maharajadhiraja Srimat Sri Akarendrawarman | Dharmasraya or Pagaruyung or Suruaso | Suruaso inscription in today Tanah Datar Regency. |
| 1347 | Adityavarman | Srimat Sri Udayadityawarman Pratapaparakrama Maulimali Warmadewa | Pagaruyung or Suruaso | Moving the capital to Pagaruyung or Suruaso, inscription on Amoghapasa dated 1347 in today Dharmasraya Regency, Kuburajo inscription in today Tanah Datar Regency. |
| 1375 | Ananggavarman | Pagaruyung or Suruaso | Batusangkar inscription today Tanah Datar Regency. | |
| ? | Vijayandravarman | Parwatapuri (Rao Mapattunggul or Pasaman?) | Erected stupa at Parwatapuri, possibly Tarung-Tarung temple and Pancahan in Rao Mapattunggul, or a temple ruin (biaro) in Tanjung Medan, Petok village, Panti Panti, Pasaman Regency. |
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Muljana, Slamet, 2006, Sriwijaya, Yogyakarta: LKIS.