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Member states of the Organization of American States

33 independent nations of the Americas are member states of the Organization of American States (OAS); Cuba and Nicaragua are the only exceptions, although they were both formerly member states.[1]

  Members
  Observers

Member States

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When formed on 5 May 1948 there were 21 members of the OAS. The organization's membership expanded as other nations in the Americas gained full political independence as sovereign states.

Nation Capital Year
joined		 GDP (PPP)
$Million		 GDP (PPP)
per capita (2020)[2]		 HDI
2018 est.
for 2017[3]		 Currency Official or National
languages
Antigua and Barbuda St. John's 1981 1.78 $18,241 0.780 Eastern Caribbean dollar English
Argentina Buenos Aires 1948 716 $20,771 0.825 Argentine peso Spanish
Bahamas Nassau 1982 11.8 $32,538 0.807 Bahamian dollar English
Barbados Bridgetown 1967 7.169 $13,349 0.800 Barbadian dollar English
Belize Belmopan 1991 2.38 $6,458 0.708 Belizean dollar English
Bolivia Sucre 1948 55.4 $8,275 0.693 Bolivian boliviano Spanish
Brazil Brasília 1948 3,012 $14,835 0.759 Brazilian real Portuguese
Canada Ottawa 1990 1,519 $46,611 0.926 Canadian dollar English and French
Chile Santiago 1948 386 $25,110 0.843 Chilean peso Spanish
Colombia Bogota 1948 598 $14,931 0.747 Colombian peso Spanish
Costa Rica San José 1948 64 $22,132 0.794 Costa Rican colón Spanish
Dominica Roseau 1979 0.91 $10,853 0.715 East Caribbean dollar English
Dominican Republic Santo Domingo 1948 200 $17,935 0.736 Dominican peso Spanish
Ecuador Quito 1948 165 $10,895 0.752 United States dollar Spanish
El Salvador San Salvador 1948 45 $8,420 0.674 United States dollar Spanish
Grenada St. George's 1975 1.142 $15,283 0.772 East Caribbean dollar English
Guatemala Guatemala City 1948 113 $8,853 0.650 Guatemalan quetzal Spanish
Guyana Georgetown 1991 2.70 $19,704 0.654 Guyanese dollar English
Haiti Port-au-Prince 1948 13 $3,095 0.498 Haitian gourde French
Honduras[Note 1] Tegucigalpa 1948 33 $5,420 0.617 Honduran lempira Spanish
Jamaica Kingston 1969 21 $9,241 0.732 Jamaican dollar English
Mexico Mexico City 1948 2,014 $18,444 0.774 Mexican peso Spanish
Panama Panama City 1948 64 $26,782 0.789 United States dollar Spanish
Paraguay Asuncion 1948 41 $13,069 0.702 Paraguayan guaraní Spanish
Peru Lima 1948 358 $11,878 0.750 Peruvian sol Spanish
Saint Kitts and Nevis Basseterre 1984 0.97 $25,653 0.778 East Caribbean dollar English
Saint Lucia Castries 1979 2.02 $12,709 0.747 East Caribbean dollar English
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Kingstown 1981 1.20 $12,705 0.723 East Caribbean dollar English
Suriname Paramaribo 1977 4.7 $16,734 0.720 Surinamese dollar Dutch
Trinidad and Tobago Port of Spain 1967 35.6 $25,023 0.784 Trinidad and Tobago dollar English
United States Washington, D.C. 1948 16,800 $63,593 0.924 United States dollar English
Uruguay Montevideo 1948 62 $22,793 0.804 Uruguayan peso Spanish
Venezuela[Note 2] Caracas 1948 553 $5,177[8] 0.761 Venezuelan bolívar Spanish

Former members

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Nation Capital Year
joined		 GDP (PPP)
$Million		 GDP (PPP)
per capita (2020)[2]		 HDI
2018 est.
for 2017[3]		 Currency Official or National
languages
Cuba[Note 3] Havana 1948 212 No data 0.777 Cuban peso Spanish
Nicaragua[Note 4] Managua 1948 24.39 $5,569 0.658 Nicaraguan córdoba Spanish

Non-members

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The following jurisdictions are not members of the OAS as each is a dependent territory of another nation. They are grouped under the nation that has sovereignty over them.

Jurisdiction Sovereign state Territory type
Anguilla United Kingdom Overseas territory
Aruba Netherlands Constituent country
Bermuda United Kingdom Overseas territory
Bonaire Netherlands Public body
British Virgin Islands United Kingdom Overseas territory
Cayman Islands United Kingdom Overseas territory
Curaçao Netherlands Constituent country
Falkland Islands United Kingdom Overseas territory
French Guiana France Overseas region
Greenland Denmark Constituent country
Guadeloupe France Overseas region
Martinique France Overseas region
Montserrat United Kingdom Overseas territory
Puerto Rico United States Unincorporated organized territory
Saba Netherlands Public body
Saint Barthélemy France Overseas collectivity
Saint Martin France Overseas collectivity
Saint Pierre and Miquelon France Overseas collectivity
Sint Maarten Netherlands Constituent country
Sint Eustatius Netherlands Public body
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands United Kingdom Overseas territory
Turks and Caicos Islands United Kingdom Overseas territory
U.S. Virgin Islands United States Unincorporated organized territory

Observers

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The observer states are:[13]

Footnotes

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  1. ^ Suspended between 2009–2011.[4]
  2. ^ On 28 April 2017 Venezuela notified the OAS of its denounciation of the Charter of the OAS, which as per Article 143 would lead to the withdraw of Venezuela from the OAS effective two years from the date of notification.[5] During the 2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis, the President of the National Assembly of Venezuela Juan Guaidó, who was recognized by the National Assembly as the acting president, sent a letter to the OAS Secretary General annuling the previous denuncation of the OAS Charter, and expressing his desire for Venezuela to remain a member of the OAS.[5] The National Assembly designated a special envoy as representative to the OAS, who the OAS voted to recognize as Venezuela's delegate in April.[6][7]
  3. ^ Suspended between 1962–2009.[9] However, following the lifting of their suspension, a Declaration of the Revolutionary Government stated that while Cuba welcomed the Assembly's gesture, in light of the Organization's historical record "Cuba will not return to the OAS".[10] See: Cuban relations with the Organization of American States.
  4. ^ In November 2021, Nicaragua submitted a formal request to leave the OAS, following the OAS condemnation of the outcome of the 2021 election.[11] The withdrawal was completed in November 2023.[12]

References

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  1. ^ OAS (2009-08-01). "OAS - Organization of American States: Democracy for peace, security, and development". www.oas.org. Retrieved 2024-06-20.
  2. ^ a b "World Bank".
  3. ^ a b "2018 Human Development Report" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2018. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
  4. ^ "OAS readmits Honduras to its ranks". CNN. 2011-06-01. Retrieved 2012-11-01.
  5. ^ a b "CHARTER OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES (A-41)". Organization of American States. Retrieved 2019-04-29.
  6. ^ "Resolution on the Situation in Venezuela". Organization of American States. 2019-04-09. Retrieved 2019-04-29.
  7. ^ "OAS recognises Guaido's envoy until new Venezuela elections held". Al Jazeera. 2019-04-09. Retrieved 2019-04-27.
  8. ^ "GDP per capita, current prices". www.imf.org. Retrieved 2022-04-21.
  9. ^ "Member States". Organization of American States. August 2009. Retrieved 2012-11-01.
  10. ^ "Declaration of the Revolutionary Government". Granma. 2009-06-08. Archived from the original on 2012-02-19. Retrieved 2009-06-15.
  11. ^ "Nicaragua decides to leave OAS". DW. 19 November 2021.
  12. ^ "A partir de este domingo Nicaragua está oficialmente fuera de la OEA" (in Spanish). La Prensa. 19 November 2023.
  13. ^ observers
  14. ^ "Organization of American States suspends Russia's permanent observer status". Reuters. Retrieved 2022-04-22.
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