Musa ornata, the flowering banana,[2] is one of more than 50 species of banana in the genus Musa of the family Musaceae. Most of these species are large tropical evergreen perennials, mainly from lowland areas with high temperature and humidity. Musa ornata originated in southeast Asia,[3] and is cultivated for its commercial and ornamental value.[4] The fruit is attractive but tends to be inedible.[5]
| Musa ornata | |
|---|---|
| |
| Flower, Bangladesh | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Zingiberales |
| Family: | Musaceae |
| Genus: | Musa |
| Section: | Musa sect. Musa |
| Species: | M. ornata
|
| Binomial name | |
| Musa ornata Roxb.
| |
Description
editMusa ornata belongs to the Musa section Rhodochlamys. Rhodochlamys is one of the four sections into which the genus Musa is divided (the others being Australimusa, Callimusa and Eumusa, which is sometimes called Musa). As a member of Rhodochlamys, M. ornata has a basic chromosome number of 2n = 22 compared with 2n = 20 of the Australimusa and Callimusa. Plants of this section are known for their brightly colored bracts.[6]
The true M. ornata is found in India and is a small species. From its home in India it reached Central and South America early in the 19th century where it became naturalized. M. ornata is not an especially variable plant in itself but it hybridizes freely with other species. The result is that there are a number of hybrids derived from it in the tropical regions of America.[7]
Plants grow to a height of 5 to 10 ft (1.5 to 3.0 m). The plants have green foliage with pink tones throughout. The leaves can grow to be 6 ft (1.8 m) long, 14 inches (360 mm) wide and can be used for tropical cut flower arrangements. It produces pink flowers and small, dark pink or crimson fruit. The fruit type is a banana that is seeded and inedible.[8]
Musa ornata has a yellow-orange inflorescence whose male and female flowers both tend to be 3-5 per bract in a single row, varying up to about 7 per cluster. The anthers of the male flowers are purple while the female style is green.
Distribution
editMusa ornata is native to south-east Asia and commonly found in Bangladesh, Burma, and India. This species is widely distributed throughout tropical regions but it is often misnamed. The plant is relatively tolerant and was found in Mauritius (off the coast of Madagascar) before 1805 and must have begun to travel several years before it was botanically described in 1824 on Indian banana plantations. Numerous parts of Mexico have also naturalized the plant, although the seedlings are often offered commercially under a different name (Musa violacea).[9]
Cultivation
editMusa ornata is one of several banana species grown as ornamental plants for their handsome foliage, for instance in mixed tropical plantings.[2] In temperate zones it must be protected from winter frosts, or grown under glass with heat - minimum temperature 7 °C (45 °F). It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[10][11] It flowers readily and produces few but viable seeds.
Other uses
editThe male bud may be cooked or used in salads, while the leaves are often incorporated in making dressings. The root of the plant is also sometimes used for ayurvedic preparations (alternative medicine) in northeast India. The ash of the pseudostem, the corm, the fruiting stalk and fruit peel are also used as an anti-scorbutic (to prevent scurvy), as well as for digestive help, or as a tonic.[12]
References
edit- ^ Plummer, J. & Allen, R. (2020). "Musa ornata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T123707243A123802051. Retrieved 27 February 2022.
- ^ a b RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.
- ^ Tropilab Inc. - Musa ornata
- ^ Killer Plants - Plant of the Week 25 August 2003: Musa ornata.
- ^ Ornamental Bananas Archived 2010-06-18 at the Wayback Machine - Not Edible But Beautiful
- ^ Diversity in the genus Musa[permanent dead link] - Focus on Rhodochlamys
- ^ ENCANTO FARMS[permanent dead link] - Ornata
- ^ Rare Seed Source[permanent dead link] - Musa Ornata Dwarf Banana Purple Flower
- ^ Musa ornata[permanent dead link]
- ^ "RHS Plant Selector - Musa ornata". Retrieved 3 January 2021.
- ^ "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 65. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
- ^ Bananas and People in the Homeland of Genus Musa:Not just pretty fruit- Jean Kennedy, published July 30, 2009.
Data related to Musa ornata at Wikispecies