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Northern Birifor or Malba Birifor is a Gur language of the Niger–Congo family. It is spoken by a few hundred thousand people, mainly in the southwest of Burkina Faso, particularly in the provinces of Bougouriba, Ioba, Noumbiel and Poni and in western Ivory Coast.
Malba Birifor | |
---|---|
Bɩrfʋɔr | |
Native to | Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast |
Ethnicity | Birifor |
Native speakers | (110,000 in Burkina Faso cited 1993)[1] |
Latin (Malba Birifor alphabet) | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | bfo |
Glottolog | malb1235 |
Phonology
editVowels
editFront | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
Close | i iː ĩ ĩː | u uː ũ ũː | |
Near-close | ɪ ɪː ɪ̃ ɪ̃ː | ʊ ʊː ʊ̃ ʊ̃ː | |
Close-mid | e eː ẽ ẽː | o oː õ õː | |
Open-mid | ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː | ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː | |
Open | a aː ã ãː |
Consonants
editLabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labio- velar |
Glottal | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | c | k | k͡p | |
voiced | b | d | ɟ | ɡ | ɡ͡b | ||
Implosive | voiced | ɓ | |||||
Fricative | voiceless | f | s | h | |||
voiced | v | ||||||
Nasal | plain | m | n | ɲ | ŋ͡m | ||
Approximant | plain | l | j | w | |||
glottal | ˀl | ˀj | |||||
Trill | r |
Orthography
editIt is written in this alphabet:[2]
Majuscules | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | Ã | B | Ɓ | C | D | E | Ẽ | Ɛ | Ɛ̃ | F | G | Gb | H | I | Ĩ | Ɩ | Ɩ̃ | J | K | Kp | L | ʹL | M | N | Ny | Ŋm | O | Õ | Ɔ | Ɔ̃ | P | R | S | T | U | Ũ | Ʋ | Ʋ̃ | V | W | Y | Ƴ | |||
Minuscules | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a | ã | b | ɓ | c | d | e | ẽ | ɛ | ɛ̃ | f | g | gb | h | i | ĩ | ɩ | ɩ̃ | j | k | kp | l | ʹl | m | n | ny | ŋm | o | õ | ɔ | ɔ̃ | p | r | s | t | u | ũ | ʋ | ʋ̃ | v | w | y | ƴ | |||
Phonetic value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
a | ã | b | ɓ | c | d | e | ẽ | ɛ | ɛ̃ | f | ɡ | ɡ͡b | h | i | ĩ | ɪ | ɪ̃ | ɟ | k | k͡p | l | ˀl | m | n | ɲ | ŋ͡m | o | õ | ɔ | ɔ̃ | p | r | s | t | u | ũ | ʊ | ʊ̃ | v | w | j | ˀj |
Long vowels are written double but without doubling the nasal tilde, e.g. ⟨ẽe⟩ for /ẽː/
References
edit- ^ Malba Birifor at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023)
- ^ http://vimeo.com/172854837