Otolin

OTOL1
Identifiers
Aliases	OTOL1, C1QTNF15, otolin 1, C1QTNF16
External IDs	MGI: 2685260; HomoloGene: 19018; GeneCards: OTOL1; OMA:OTOL1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)
End	161,503,942 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (mouse)
End	69,936,041 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	prefrontal cortex; ; Brodmann area 9; ; temporal lobe; ; amygdala; ; hippocampus proper;
	Top expressed in
	placenta; ; rhombencephalon;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	calcium ion binding; metal ion binding; extracellular matrix structural constituent;
Cellular component	collagen; extracellular region; extracellular space; extracellular matrix;
Biological process	otolith mineralization; protein homooligomerization; extracellular matrix organization;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	131149
	229389
	ENSG00000182447
	ENSMUSG00000027788
	A6NHN0
	Q4ZJM7
	NM_001080440
	NM_001018031
	NP_001073909
	NP_001018041
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Otolin is a glycoprotein found in the vertebrate inner ear.^[5]

Modifications

Otolin is modified after it is translated, with hydroxylated prolines and two glycosylated lysines with glucosyl-galactosyl groups.^[5]

Substructure

The gene for otolin in mice is on chromosome 3E12. In humans it is located at 3q26.1 At the N-terminal end there is a signal peptide. The N-terminal end has four cysteine residues. Adjacent to this is a stiff collagen domain with 75 Gly-X-Y repeats. It also contains a cysteine residue, and in human otolin, there are four cystein residues in this domain. At the opposite end is the C1q domain. The otolin gene in mammals contains four introns and five exons.^[5]

Superstructure

Otolin combines with several other otolin molecules to form an oligomer, probably a trimer. It also binds to otoconin-90 and cerebellin-1.^[5]

Production

Otolin is produced by the vestibular support cells in the utricle, saccule, the three semicircular canal cristae, and the tectorial membrane. In teleosts (fish), otolin is found in the otolith and it is required to anchor the otolith in position.^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000182447 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027788 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Deans, Michael R.; Peterson, Jonathan M.; Wong, G. William; Hulmes, David John Stuart (15 September 2010). "Mammalian Otolin: A Multimeric Glycoprotein Specific to the Inner Ear that Interacts with Otoconial Matrix Protein Otoconin-90 and Cerebellin-1". PLOS ONE. 5 (9): e12765. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...512765D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012765. PMC 2939893. PMID 20856818. S2CID 8886304.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000182447 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027788 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[deans-5] Deans, Michael R.; Peterson, Jonathan M.; Wong, G. William; Hulmes, David John Stuart (15 September 2010). "Mammalian Otolin: A Multimeric Glycoprotein Specific to the Inner Ear that Interacts with Otoconial Matrix Protein Otoconin-90 and Cerebellin-1". PLOS ONE. 5 (9): e12765. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...512765D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012765. PMC 2939893. PMID 20856818. S2CID 8886304.

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