Petru Muha (fl. 1490) was a wallachian rebel and military leader, best known as the leader of the eponymous Mukha Rebellion against Polish magnates and noblemen in Galicia started with Moldavian support. This uprising was one of the largest of the 15th and 16th century in the area, together with Severyn Nalyvaiko's.[1] About this rebelion was mentioned by Jan of Targowisk:[2]
Petru Mukha | |
|---|---|
| Born | 15th century |
| Died | c. 1492 Kraków, Kingdom of Poland |
| Allegiance | Ukrainian and Moldavian peasants |
| Rank | commander |
| Battles / wars | Battle of Rohatyn |
A certail Mukha from Wallachia [generic exonym for the territories populated by Romanians at that time, in fact it referred to Moldavia], in a short time he had gathered 9,000 soldiers from the peasants and entered Poland, where Sniatyn is located, attacked and conquered it, then he attacked other cities and villages, after which he conquered Halych, Kolomyia and Rohatyn
Biography
editBetween 1490 and 1492 he led an army of 10,000 people, both Ukrainians and Moldavians, as well as some other people and Orthodox petty nobles, in an attempt to overthrow the Polish in Galicia.[3][1][4] Mukha had support from Stephen the Great, the Moldavian voivode of the time. The revolt erupted in Pokuttia, quickly spreading to other parts of Galicia. The rebellious army proceeded through the territory, taking the cities of Halych, Sniatyn, and Kolomyia.[5][1]
Mukha and his army were blocked by a combined force of the Polish Royal army, a levée en masse summoned by Galician noblemen, and Prussian mercenaries. Many of the rebellious army's warriors died in the Battle of Rohatyn, near Rohatyn. Mukha and the survivors fled back to Moldavia. They returned to Galicia in 1492, in an attempt to stir up another rebellion.[5]
Mukha was captured near Kolomyia, and died in the dungeons of a prison in Kraków.[5]
In popular culture
editVolodymyr Hrabovetsky wrote a book about Mukha's rebellion, which was published in Kyiv in 1979.[5]
References
edit- ^ a b c Ivan Katchanovski; Zenon E. Kohut; Bohdan Y. Nebesio; Myroslav Yurkevich (2013). Historical Dictionary of Ukraine. Scarecrow Press. pp. 64–66. ISBN 978-0-8108-7847-1.
- ^ "Carti, Manuale si Auxiliare". 97500 De Carti Online - Librarie Carti Ieftine (in Romanian). Retrieved 2024-03-13.
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- ^ Paul R. Magocsi (2010). A History of Ukraine The Land and Its Peoples. University of Toronto Press. p. 140. ISBN 978-1-4426-1021-7.
- ^ Krystian Heffner, Marek Sobczyński, ed. (2009). Historical Regions Divided by the Borders: Cultural heritage and multicultural cities. University of Łódź, Department of Political Geography and Regional Studies. p. 147. ISBN 978-83-7126-252-4.
- ^ a b c d "Mukha Rebellion". Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.