Poles in Sweden (Swedish: Svenskpolacker) are citizens and residents of Sweden who emigrated from Poland.
 Poles in Sweden, 1946 | |
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 115,985[a] (2022) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Stockholm, Malmö | |
| Languages | |
| Polish, Yiddish, Swedish | |
| Religion | |
| Christianity (Roman Catholicism, Protestantism), Judaism, Irreligious | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Poles, Ashkenazi Jews |
Demographics
edit
According to Statistics Sweden, as of 2022, there are a total 98,387 Poland-born immigrants living in Sweden.[1] Both native Poles, as well as descendants of Polish Jewish immigrants from Poland.[2]
History
editSweden was the main destination for many immigrants from partitioned Poland. In 1797, Polish national hero Tadeusz Kościuszko stayed in Stockholm and Gothenburg.
In the spring of 1863, armed Polish volunteers from Western Europe assisted by foreigners of various nationalities attempted to reach partitioned Poland by sea via Sweden. This Lapinski expedition stopped on the island of Öland and in Malmö, where it was met with sympathy of the local Swedes.[3] The Swedish authorities, fearing Russia, were forced to put the Poles under arrest, so the Poles departed in May 1863 to attempt a naval landing near Klaipėda.[3]
Some 200 Poles lived in Sweden in the 1920s.[4]
During World War II, the Polish resistance movement, in cooperation with Polish outposts in Sweden, organized escapes of Poles from German-occupied Poland to Sweden by sea.[5]
In 1948, the Polish Veterans Association in Gothenburg was established by former Polish prisoners of Nazi German concentration camps, and in 1962 it was transformed into the Polish Cultural Association in Gothenburg.[6]
Education
editIn 2010, there were 4,186 students with Polish as their mother tongue who participated in the state-run Swedish for Immigrants adult language program. Of these pupils, 251 had 0–6 years of education in their home country (Antal utbildningsår i hemlandet), 241 had 7–9 years of education in their home country, and 3,694 had 10 years education or more in their home country.[7] As of 2012, 5,100 pupils with Polish as their mother tongue and 5,079 Poland-born students were enrolled in the language program.[8]
Organizations
edit
There are several Polish organizations in Sweden, incl. the Polish Institute in Stockholm, the Polish Cultural Association in Gothenburg,[9] and Polonia Center in Gothenburg.
Notable people
edit- Anna Anka
- Dorotea Bromberg[10]
- Paula Bieler
- Anitha Bondestam
- Paweł Cibicki
- Wonna I DeJong[11]
- Jerzy Einhorn
- Greekazo
- Peter Jablonski
- Catherine Jagiellon
- Peter Jewszczewski[12]
- Katrine Marcal (born Kielos to Polish immigrant parents)
- Kissie (Alexandra Nilsson-Petroniak, her mother is a Polish immigrant)
- Oscar Lewicki
- Henryk Lipp
- Stefan Liv
- Jerzy Luczak-Szewczyk
- Bea Malecki
- Dominika Peczynski
- Martin Rolinski
- Eliza Roszkowska Öberg
- Thomas Rusiak
- Jerzy Sarnecki
- Danny Saucedo
- Izabella Scorupco
- Sebastian Siemiatkowski
- Czeslaw Slania
- Amanda Sokolnicki (political editor of DN)
- Bea Szenfeld
- Robert Wahlström[13]
- Cissi Wallin born in Sweden to Polish parents
- Michael Winiarski (journalist in DN)
- Peter Wolodarski
- Michal Zajkowski
- Maciej Zaremba
- Małgorzata Pieczyńska
- Z.E. (born to Polish parents as Józef Wojciechowicz)[14]
- Katrin Zytomierska
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ Contains the numbers of persons who are born in Poland and persons who are born in Sweden with two parents born in Poland.
References
edit- ^ a b "Foreign-born persons by country of birth, age, sex and year". Statistics Sweden. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
- ^ Bernhardt, Eva (2007). Immigration, Gender, and Family Transitions to Adulthood in Sweden. University Press of America. p. 124. ISBN 978-0761835707. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
- ^ a b Zieliński, Stanisław (1913). Bitwy i potyczki 1863-1864. Na podstawie materyałów drukowanych i rękopiśmiennych Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu (in Polish). Rapperswil: Fundusz Wydawniczy Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu. pp. 298–299.
- ^ Żukow-Karczewski, Marek (1989). "Polonia zagraniczna w czasach II Rzeczypospolitej". Życie Literackie (in Polish). No. 33 (1952). p. 10.
- ^ Chrzanowski, Bogdan. "Organizacja sieci przerzutów drogą morską z Polski do Szwecji w latach okupacji hitlerowskiej (1939–1945)". Stutthof. Zeszyty Muzeum (in Polish). 5: 16, 24, 34–35. ISSN 0137-5377.
- ^ "Polski Związek Kulturalny w Göteborgu" (in Polish). Retrieved 10 January 2024.
- ^ centralbyrån, SCB - Statistiska (2010). Statistical Yearbook of Sweden 2010 (PDF). [S.l.]: Statistiska Centralbyran. p. 198. ISBN 9789161814961. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
- ^ "Utbildning och forskning - Statistisk årsbok 2014" (PDF). Statistics Sweden. p. 456. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
- ^ "Polski Związek Kulturalny w Göteborgu" (in Polish). Retrieved 4 September 2022.
- ^ "Dorotea Bromberg | Medverkande personer". Sigtuna Litteraturfestival (in Swedish). Retrieved 2019-02-21.
- ^ "Spion från Rinkeby god för en miljard". Dagensps (in Swedish). 2010-10-08. Retrieved 2019-02-21.
- ^ "Peter Jezewski: "Ett direkt påhopp på yttrandefriheten"". Aftonbladet (in Swedish). Retrieved 2019-02-21.
- ^ "Doldisen var med och byggde jättarna – här är hans nya satsning". Breakit (in Swedish). Retrieved 2019-12-07.
- ^ "Rapparen Z.E slår tillbaka mot gangsterstämpeln: "Vi gör något större än oss"".
