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Introduction
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Hamburg, in German officially called Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg (Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg), is a city-state in northern Germany and the country's second largest city. The port city is located on the southern end of the Jutland Peninsula, directly between continental Central Europe to her south, Scandinavia to her north, the North Sea to her west, and the Baltic Sea to her east. Hamburg borders the German states of Schleswig-Holstein to the north and Lower Saxony to the south.
The Elbe river flows through the Port of Hamburg, which is the third-largest port in Europe. With a population of approximately 1.8 million people, it is the second-largest city in Germany and eighth largest city in the European Union. Hamburg has a total area of 755 km2 (292 sq mi).
Hamburg was an independent and sovereign state of the German Confederation (1815–66), a city-state the North German Confederation (1866–71), the German Empire (1871–1918) and during the period of the Weimar Republic (1919–33). In Nazi Germany Hamburg was a Gau from 1934 until 1945. After the Second World War, Hamburg was in the British Zone of Occupation and became a state of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1949. (Full article)
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From about 1590 on there has been a Portuguese Jewish community in Hamburg, whose qehilla קהילה existed until its compulsory merger with the Ashkenazi congregation in July 1939. The first Sephardic settlers were Portuguese Marranos, who had fled from their own country under Philip II and Philip III, at first concealing their religion in their new place of residence.
In 1603 the aldermen ("Bürgerschaft") made complaints to the senate (city government) about the growing influx of Portuguese Jews. The senate asked the Lutheran theological faculties of Jena and Frankfort-on-the-Oder for their opinions in the matter, and in 1612, after many negotiations, it was agreed that, in consideration of a payment made for their protection, the Jews should be tolerated in the town as strangers, though they were not to be allowed to practise their religion publicly. This practice was not new in the city's policy, because also Reformed Dutch merchants and Anglican Britons (Merchant Adventurers of London) had negotiated similar toleration agreements with the senate. Thus the senate argued towards the aldermen, that the Sephardim were just another group of foreign merchants enhancing Hamburg's international commercial relations, emphasising their Portuguese nationality.
General images -
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Supreme Court of Hamburg (from Government of Hamburg) -
The great fire 1842, by Peter Suhr, 1842 (from History of Hamburg) -
Peter Tschentscher in 2011 (from Government of Hamburg) -
The first Rezeß of 1410 (from History of Hamburg) -
Jenisch Park, one of Hamburg's many 18th-century English landscape parks along Elbchaussee (from List of parks and gardens in Hamburg) -
Hamburg in 1680 (from History of Hamburg) -
Seal of 1241 (replica) (from History of Hamburg) -
The lion head door handles of Hauptkirche St. Petri date to the late 1300s. (from History of Hamburg) -
Hamburg in 1150, a 19th-century visualization (from History of Hamburg) -
Altona Dahliengarten (from List of parks and gardens in Hamburg) -
Lohsepark, one of the new inner city urban parks developed within the new HafenCity district (from List of parks and gardens in Hamburg) -
Hanseatic Cross (from Government of Hamburg) -
Promulgation of the Greater Hamburg Act in the Reichsgesetzblatt of 27 January 1937 (from History of Hamburg) -
Front view of the Museum of Ethnology in 2007 (from List of museums in Hamburg) -
Italianized Römischer Garten (from List of parks and gardens in Hamburg) -
City state of Hamburg in 1890 (from History of Hamburg) -
Room of the Hamburgische Bürgerschaft (Diet) (from Government of Hamburg) -
The sculpture „Der sterbende Häftling“ (The Dying Prisoner) at the memorial site of the Neuengamme concentration camp. The camp operated from 1938 to 1945 in the Neuengamme neighbourhood of Hamburg. (from History of Hamburg) -
Police Staff Captain of the Hamburg police department on assignment at Hamburg city hall (from Government of Hamburg) -
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Sternschanzenpark, with the iconic Schanzenturm (de) (from List of parks and gardens in Hamburg) -
Hammer Park's Topiary Garden (from List of parks and gardens in Hamburg) -
Hamburg's central promenade Jungfernstieg on River Alster in 1900 (from History of Hamburg) -
Fire medal from 1843 -
Buildings ruined by air raids (from History of Hamburg) -
Wilhelmsburg Inselpark (from List of parks and gardens in Hamburg) -
Hamburg in 1800 (from History of Hamburg) -
Museum der Arbeit main building (from List of museums in Hamburg) -
Altona Balkon, overlooking Hamburg Harbour at a height of 27 m (89 ft) above the Elbe (from List of parks and gardens in Hamburg) -
Room of the Senat (from Government of Hamburg) -
Hamburg by Georg Braun and Franz Hogenberg (1588) (from History of Hamburg)
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- October 26: GitHub blocks public access to youtube-dl after RIAA issues DMCA notice
Did you know?
- ... that the city hall Hamburg Rathaus (pictured), constructed from 1886 to 1897, has 647 rooms, six rooms more than Buckingham Palace, and still functions as the seat of the government of Hamburg?
- ... that 80% of the taxis used for transport in Hamburg are driver-owned?
- ... that Hamburg's Wellingsbüttel Manor was the former home of Duke Friedrich Karl of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, and used as a student's resident hall from 1964 till 1996?
- ... that most of the exhibits at the International Maritime Museum Hamburg are from the private collection of Peter Tamm, who started collecting when he was six years old?
- ... that 20th-century composers including Kagel, Ligeti, and Xenakis wrote music for cellist Siegfried Palm?
- ... that the Punch of the Hamburg Police has educated children in road traffic safety since 1948?
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- Ludwigskirche (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Ingratis (talk · contribs · new pages (19)) started on 2024-11-15, score: 24
- Hamburg (electoral district) (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Erinthecute (talk · contribs · new pages (36)) started on 2024-11-15, score: 40
- Brigitte Pothmer (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools) by Nyraxis (talk · contribs · new pages (3)) started on 2024-11-14, score: 23
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