Richard Schuh (2 October 1920 – 18 February 1949) was a German convicted murderer and the last criminal to be executed by the West German judiciary (excluding West Berlin).
Richard Schuh | |
|---|---|
 Schuh in his Luftwaffe uniform | |
| Born | 2 October 1920 |
| Died | 18 February 1949 (aged 28) |
| Cause of death | Execution by guillotine |
| Criminal status | Executed |
| Conviction(s) | Murder Aggravated robbery |
| Criminal penalty | Death (May 1948) |
| Details | |
| Victims | Hans Eugen Roth |
| Date | 28 January 1948 |
| Country | Allied-occupied Germany |
Biography
editSchuh was a trained mechanic who served in the Luftwaffe during World War II. He fought on the Western Front and the Eastern Front, serving as the gunner on fighter planes. He was later taken prisoner by the Americans. After his release, Schuh made a living by doing odd jobs. He murdered Hans Eugen Roth, a truck driver, near Herrenberg on 28 January 1948, in order to get hold of the new tires on his vehicle and sell them on the black market.[1][2]
Schuh's crime was quickly solved. He was arrested, convicted of murder and aggravated robbery, and sentenced to death by the Tübingen Regional Court in May 1948. Schuh's mother killed herself shortly after her son's arrest.[3] Schuh's appeal, as well as pleas for clemency from close relatives and even from the director of the prison where Schuh was incarcerated, were ineffective: a commutation of the sentence to life imprisonment was in the hands of the President of Württemberg-Hohenzollern, Gebhard Müller, a proponent of capital punishment. Müller declined to intervene.[4]
The execution was carried out with a guillotine on 18 February 1949, at six o'clock in the morning, in the courtyard of the prison at 18 Doblerstraße in Tübingen. During the execution, the small town hall bell was rung. Schuh himself had only learned of the scheduled date the night before. Witnesses said he was "extremely calm" upon hearing the news of his upcoming execution. Schuh's body was handed over to the anatomical institute of the University of Tübingen. The guillotine is on display in the Ludwigsburg Prison Museum.[5]
Legacy
editDuring the Nazi era, some 16,000 people had been executed. In the years between the end of the war and the entry into force of the Basic Law on 24 May 1949, German courts in the three western occupation zones imposed a total of 34 death sentences; 15 of these were carried out. Schuh's beheading was the last civilian execution on West German territory.[6] In West Berlin, where the Basic Law applied only to a limited extent, capital punishment for civilian crimes was not abolished until 1951; the last person to be executed there was the robber-murderer Berthold Wehmeyer on 11 May 1949.[6][7]
On 7 June 1951, American soldiers hanged seven Nazi war criminals at Landsberg Prison. These were the last executions carried out on West German soil.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Germany, Stuttgarter Nachrichten, Stuttgart. "Hinrichtung von Richard Schuh 1949: Er wurde in Tübingen geköpft". stuttgarter-nachrichten.de (in German). Retrieved 2022-10-10.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "ZEIT ONLINE | Lesen Sie zeit.de mit Werbung oder im PUR-Abo. Sie haben die Wahl". www.zeit.de. Retrieved 2023-09-14.
- ^ "Todesstrafe für Richard Schuh 1949". Der Spiegel (in German). 2019-02-18. ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 2022-10-10.
- ^ Iken, Katja (2019-02-18). "Todesstrafe für Richard Schuh: Letzte Hinrichtung durch westdeutsche Justiz". Der Spiegel (in German). ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 2022-10-10.
- ^ Raimund Weible (2009-02-18). "Zum letzten Mal fällt das Fallbeil". Schwäbisches Tagblatt. Retrieved 2019-05-08.
- ^ a b Rüdiger Soldt (2019-02-17). "Der letzte Gang des Richard Schuh". faz.net. Retrieved 2019-05-08.
- ^ Iken, Katja (2019-02-18). "Todesstrafe für Richard Schuh: Letzte Hinrichtung durch westdeutsche Justiz". Der Spiegel (in German). ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 2023-09-08.
Bibliography
editSources
edit- Raimund Weible (2009-02-18). "Zum letzten Mal fällt das Fallbeil". Schwäbisches Tagblatt. Retrieved 2019-05-08.
- Berthold Seewald (2018-02-16). "Todesstrafe in Deutschland: Um sechs Uhr starb der Raubmörder unter dem Fallbeil". welt.de. Retrieved 2019-05-08.
- Katja Iken (2018-02-18). "Todesstrafe in Deutschland: "Gehen Sie mutig und gefasst Ihren letzten schweren Gang"". einestages auf Spiegel Online. Retrieved 2019-05-08.