Schwarz is a common surname, derived from the German schwarz, pronounced [ˈʃvaʁts] , meaning the color black. Czech female form is Schwarzová. Notable people with the surname include:
- Adolf Schwarz (1836–1910), Austrian-Hungarian chess master
- Alan Schwarz (born 1968), American writer
- Albert Schwarz (born 1934), Russian-born American mathematician and theoretical physicist
- Andreas Schwarz (born 1965), German politician
- Benjamin Schwarz (writer) (born 1963), American writer
- Berthold Schwarz, Franciscan friar
- Bill Schwarz (born 1951), British academic and writer
- Brinsley Schwarz (musician), English guitarist
- Christian Friedrich Schwarz (1726–1798), German Protestant missionary
- Christine Schwarz-Fuchs (born 1974), Austrian entrepreneur and politician
- Christopher Schwarz (born 1968), American woodworker
- Daniel Schwarz (bandleader) (1851–1885), German trumpeter, and band leader
- Daniel R. Schwarz (born 1941), American professor of English literature
- Danny Schwarz (model) (born 1987), English model
- David Schwarz (aviation inventor) (1852–1897), Hungarian–Croatian aviation pioneer
- David Schwarz (footballer) (born 1972), Australian Rules footballer
- Ernst Schwarz (politician) (1886–1958), German-American Communist politician
- Ernst Schwarz (sinologist) (1916–2003), Austrian sinologist and translator
- Ernst Schwarz (zoologist) (1889–1962), German zoologist, mammalogist, and herpetologist
- Eugene Amandus Schwarz (1844–1928), German-American entomologist
- François Xavier de Schwarz (1762–1826), Badener who became a French general
- Franz Xaver Schwarz (1875–1947), Nazi treasurer
- Frederick August Otto Schwarz (1836–1911), German immigrant founder of F.A.O. Schwarz
- Friederike Schwarz (1910–1945), Czech composer, educator and journalist
- Gerard Schwarz (born 1947), American conductor
- Gotthold Schwarz (born 1952), German bass-baritone and conductor
- Hans Schwarz (disambiguation), several people
- Harry Schwarz (1924–2010), South African lawyer, politician, diplomat and anti-apartheid leader
- Heinrich Schwarz (1906–1947), German SS Nazi concentration camp commandant executed for war crimes
- Heinz Schwarz (1928–2023), German politic (CDU), member of the state parliament of Rhineland-Palatinate, also the state's minister of the interior
- Henning Schwarz (1928–1993), German politician
- Herbert Ferlando Schwarz (1883–1960), American entomologist and son of F.A.O. Schwarz
- Hermann Schwarz (philosopher) (1864–1951), German philosopher
- Hermann Amandus Schwarz (1843–1921), German mathematician
- Jacques Schwarz (1856–1921), Austrian chess player
- Jaecki Schwarz (born 1946), German actor
- Jessica Schwarz (born 1977), German film and TV actress
- Joe Schwarz (born 1937), U.S. congressman from Michigan
- John H. Schwarz (born 1941), American theoretical physicist and one of the founders of string theory
- Johann Georg Schwarz (1751–1784), Russian academic and Freemason
- Josef Schwarz (born 1941), Czech-born German long jumper
- Karen Schwarz (born 1984), Peruvian beauty pageant titleholder and Miss Perú, represented Peru in Miss Universe 2009
- Karl Schwarz (1812–1885), German Protestant theologian
- Laurent Schwarz (born 2021-2022?), German child artist
- Lavoslav Schwarz (1837–1906), Croatian merchant and a historically significant figure of the Jewish community in Zagreb
- Leo Schwarz (1931–2018), German Roman Catholic titular bishop
- Ludwig Schwarz (born 1940), Catholic bishop of the Diocese of Linz, Austria
- Marie Beatrice Schol-Schwarz (1898–1969), Dutch phytopathologist who discovered the causal agent of Dutch elm disease
- Michael Schwarz (disambiguation), several people
- Mommie Schwarz (1876–1942), Dutch painter
- Otto Schwarz (1876–1981), German flautist, clarinettist, piccolo player, travelling musician and band leader
- Paul Schwarz (1867–1939), German orientalist
- Peter Schwarz (born 1953), German footballer
- Peter Carl Ludwig Schwarz (1822–1894), German astronomer and explorer
- Petr Schwarz, Czech football player
- Reggie Schwarz (1875–1918), Anglo-South African cricketer and rugby union player
- Robert Schwarz Strauss (1918–2014), American government officer
- Rodolfo Barragán Schwarz (1931–2017), Mexican architect
- Rudolf Schwarz (conductor) (1905–1994), Austrian conductor
- Silke Schwarz, German wheelchair fencer
- Stefan Schwarz (born 1969), Swedish midfielder
- Stefan Schwarz (politician) (born 1959), German lobbyist and politician
- Udo Schwarz (born 1986), German rugby union international
- Christian Schwarz-Schilling (born 1930), German politician
- Stefan Schwarz (born 1959), German politician