Wikipedia

List of cinematic firsts

(Redirected from Sesto Continente)

This page lists chronologically the first achievements in cinema. The development of cinema is characterised by technological breakthroughs, from early experiments in the recording of day-to-day activity, experiments in colour, different formats and sound. From the 1970s, the development of computer-generated imagery became integral to the way that films are produced.

In parallel with the developments in technology, its content and the way it reflects society and its concerns and the way society responds to it have changed too. The list attempts to address some of these events.

Contents

19th century: Pre-1870 • 1870s • 1880s • 1890s
20th century: 1900s • 1910s • 1920s • 1930s • 1940s • 1950s • 1960s • 1970s • 1980s • 1990s
21st century: 2000s • 2010s • 2020s
See also
References

19th century

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Pre-1870

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1824

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  • Peter Mark Roget's wrote the article Explanation of an optical deception in the appearance of the spokes of a wheel when seen through vertical apertures which described a stroboscopic illusion.

1832

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  • Almost simultaneously, around December 1832, the Belgian physicist Joseph Plateau and the Austrian professor of practical geometry Simon Stampfer invented the Phenakistiscope, the first practical device to create a fluid illusion of motion. Plateau introduced the device in January 1833 in a scientific magazine.

1870s

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1874

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  • French astronomer P.J.C. Janssen came up with the idea for a "revolver to shoot the individual". This huge camera system used a Maltese cross-type mechanism, very similar to the system that would later be of great importance in the development of movie cameras. Janssen successfully captured two transits of Venus, the one of 1874 in Japan, and that of 1882 at Oran, in Algeria. Discs with test footage of a simulation from 1874 have been preserved and a modern animated version is sometimes regarded as the first movie.[1]

1878

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1880s

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1880

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  • During his lectures on locomotion, Eadweard Muybridge projected looping animations of The Horse in Motion with his Zoopraxiscope. The stroboscopic apparatus used glass discs on which silhouette versions of the photographs had been traced by an artist (with anamorphic corrections for the distortion caused by fast rotation).

1882

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  • Étienne-Jules Marey developed the Chronophotographe, which could take 12 pictures per second from a single viewpoint.

1888

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1890s

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1889 or 1890

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1891

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  • Dickson Greeting, by William Kennedy Dickson was the first semi-public demonstration of cinematographic pictures in the United States. The National Federation of Women's Clubs were shown a 3 second clip of Dickson passing a hat in front of himself, and reaching for it with his other hand on May 20, 1891 at Edison's laboratory.

1892

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1893

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  • Blacksmith Scene, by William Kennedy Dickson. The first Kinetoscope film shown in public exhibition on May 9, 1893 and is the earliest known example of actors performing a role in a film.[4]
  • The world's first film production studio, the Black Maria, or the Kinetographic Theater, was completed on the grounds of Edison's laboratories at West Orange, New Jersey, for the purpose of making film strips for the Kinetoscope. Construction began in December 1892.[5]

1894

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  • On April 14, 1894, a public Kinetoscope parlor was opened by the Holland Bros. in New York City at 1155 Broadway, on the corner of 27th Street—the first commercial motion picture house. The venue had ten machines, set up in parallel rows of five, each showing a different movie. For 25 cents a viewer could see all the films in either row; half a dollar gave access to the entire bill.[6]
  • The Dolorita Passion Dance was banned in New Jersey after its use in peepshows. Russell Kick quotes the work Censorship as saying it "was probably the first [film] to be banned in the United States."[7]
  • La Sortie des Usines, the first film to be made in France.
  • The Dickson Experimental Sound Film by William Kennedy Dickson. It is the first known film with live-recorded sound and appears to be the first motion picture made for the Kinetophone, the proto-sound-film system developed by Dickson and Thomas Edison.[8]

1895

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1896

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1899

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20th century

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1900s

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1901

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1902

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1903

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1904

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1906

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1907

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1908

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1909

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1910s

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1910

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1912

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1914

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1915

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1916

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1917

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1918

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1920s

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1920

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1921

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1922

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1923

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1925

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1926

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1927

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1928

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1929

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1930s

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1930

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1931

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1932

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1933

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1935

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1937

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1940s

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1940

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1943

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1944

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  • First film to feature a live-action and animated character on screen at the same time: The Three Caballeros.[59]
  • First feature film made for television broadcast: Talk Fast, Mister.

1945

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1946

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1947

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1948

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1950s

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1951

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1953

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1954

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  • Sesto Continente, directed by Folco Quilici, was the first full-length, full-color underwater documentary.[64][65] The much more famous The Silent World, released in 1956, is frequently erroneously claimed as such.
  • Dragnet is the first theatrical film based on a television series.

1955

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1956

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1958

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1960s

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1960

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  • Psycho is the first film to show a flushing toilet.[71]

1961

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  • NBC Saturday Night at the Movies, the first regularly scheduled feature movie anthology network television series to broadcast recently released feature films in color, debuts.
  • Magic Boy becomes the first anime film to be released in the United States on June 22, 1961.

1962

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1963

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1964

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1965

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  • Harlow : first feature film shot on video at the lower range of modern high definition. It used Electronovision, an American film production process based on the French 819 lines TV system, which could display 737 active lines on screen, so slightly above 720p (albeit as a B&W, interlaced, 4/3 format). Videotape was transferred to 35 mm film for distribution.

1966

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  • The Silencers becomes the first film to feature a post-credits scene. The film, which is a spoof of James Bond, sought to parody the post-credits motif of James Bond films, which include some variation of "James Bond will return" after the credits.[79]

1969

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1970s

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1970

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1971

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1972

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1973

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1974

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  • The Man with the Golden Gun becomes the first film to feature an "astro-spiral" jump, in which a car drives up a corkscrewed ramp and turns 360 degrees along its long axis. The stunt was performed with a AMC Hornet X hatchback by Loren "Bumps" Willert, and was done across a river near Bangkok, Thailand.[87]

1975

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  • Jaws becomes the first film to gross more than $400 million at the box office.[88]
  • Lisztomania becomes the first movie to use the new Dolby Stereo sound system.
  • Barry Lyndon was the first film with scenes shot entirely by natural candlelight.[89]

1976

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1978

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1980s

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1980

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1981

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  • Looker is the first film to feature a CGI human character, Cindy. Also, first use of 3D shaded CGI.[92][93]

1982

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  • For Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan, ILM computer graphics division develops "Genesis Effect", the first use of fractal-generated landscape in a film.[94] Bill Reeves leads the Genesis Effect programming team, and creates a new graphics technique called Particle Systems.

1983

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1984

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1985

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1986

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1987

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  • Julia and Julia (Giulia e Giulia) : first feature film shot in analog HDTV with a resolution in the 1000+ lines range (Japanese 1125 lines Hi-Vision system, with 1035 active lines). Transferred to 35 mm for distribution.

1988

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1990s

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1990

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1991

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1992

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1993

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1994

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  • True Lies by James Cameron is the first film to cost $100 million.[103] Later, such budgets would become much more commonplace. As of January 2024, at least 500 films have been made with a budget of $100 million or more.[104]

1995

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1996

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1997

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21st century

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2000s

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2000

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2001

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2002

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2003

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2004

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2006

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2007

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2008

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2009

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2010s

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2010

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  • Toy Story 3 is the first animated film to cost at least $200 million.[133] It's also the first animated film to gross over a $1 billion.

2011

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2012

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  • The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey is the first wide-release film to be shot using a high frame rate. Cinematographer Andrew Lesnie shot the film using 48 frames per second, twice the usual 24 frames per second.[137] However, few cinemas were capable of showing the high frame rate version of the film - at most 1,000 screens out of the 39,056 showing it in the United States - and most showed it in the ordinary frame rate. The reason for this increased frame rate was to make the 3D easier to watch, as well as remove camera blur, and increase clarity.[138]
  • Brave is the first film to make use of the Dolby Atmos sound format.[139]
  • Frankenweenie becomes the first black-and-white film and the first stop-motion animated film to be released in IMAX.[140]

2013

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2014

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2016

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2017

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2018

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2019

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2020s

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2020

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2021

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  • The Suicide Squad is the first non-Marvel Studios film ever released to be shot entirely with IMAX-certified digital cameras. Although Top Gun: Maverick and Dune had both accomplished the same feat and had finished filming earlier, The Suicide Squad was released first, on August 5, after the releases of the other two were delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The film was shot with the Red Ranger Monstro 8K & Komodo 6K cameras. The film was also the first feature film to use the Red Komodo camera.[153]
  • The Tomorrow War is the first streaming original film to cost at least $200 million to produce. The film was originally set for theatrical release by Paramount Pictures, but the film's distribution rights were ultimately acquired by Amazon due to the COVID-19 pandemic,[154] Four months later, Red Notice was also released under similar circumstances and cost, on Netflix. As of early 2022, The Gray Man is set become the first streaming original to cost at least $200 million that was originally intended as a streaming original, and released in July 2022.[155]

2023

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ The Passage of Venus, 9 December 1874, retrieved 2018-08-19
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  5. ^ Robinson (1997). p. 23.
  6. ^ The machines were modified so that they did not operate by nickel slot. According to Hendricks (1966), in each row "attendants switched the instruments on and off for customers who had paid their twenty-five cents" (p. 13). For more on the Hollands, see Peter Morris, Embattled Shadows: A History of Canadian Cinema, 1895–1939 (Montreal and Kingston, Canada; London; and Buffalo, New York: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1978), pp. 6–7. Morris states that Edison wholesaled the Kinetoscope at $200 per machine; in fact, as described below, $250 seems to have been the most common figure at first.
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Bibliography

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  • Netzley, Patricia D. Encyclopedia of Movie Special Effects. Checkmark Books, 2001.
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