Speke is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- George Speke (politician, died 1584) (c.1530–1584), English politician
- George Speke (politician, died 1689) (1623–1689), English politician
- Sir George Speke, 2nd Baronet (1653–1683), English politician
- Hugh Speke (1656–c.1724), English writer and agitator
- Sir Hugh Speke, 1st Baronet (died 1661), English politician
- John Hanning Speke (1827–1864), English explorer and army officer
- John Speke (1442–1518), English sheriff