Stenaelurillus zambiensis is a species of jumping spider in the genus Stenaelurillus that lives in Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe. It was first described in 2014 by Wanda Wesołowska. The spider is small, the male being smaller than the female, with a brown carapace between 2.6 and 3.2 mm (0.10 and 0.13 in) in length and black-brown abdomen between 2.6 and 3.0 mm (0.10 and 0.12 in) in length. The male has a distinctive metallic sheen on its abdomen and eye field. The male carapace is marked with two white streaks while the female has white stripes. It is distinguished from other members of the genus by the male's hook-shaped end to the embolus and the two depressions in the female epigyne.
| Stenaelurillus zambiensis | |
|---|---|
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| The related Stenaelurillus albus | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Salticidae |
| Subfamily: | Salticinae |
| Genus: | Stenaelurillus |
| Species: | S. zambiensis
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| Binomial name | |
| Stenaelurillus zambiensis Wesołowska, 2014
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Taxonomy
editStenaelurillus zambiensis was first described by Wanda Wesołowska in 2014.[1] It is one of over 500 species identified by the Polish arachnologist.[2] The genus Stenaelurillus was first raised by Eugène Simon in 1886.[3] The name relates to the genus name Aelurillus, which itself derives from the Greek word for cat, with the addition of a Greek stem meaning narrow.[4] In 2015, Wayne Maddison placed it in the subtribe Aelurillina, which he positioned in the tribe Aelurillini within the clade Saltafresia.[5] In 2017, it was grouped with nine other genera of jumping spiders under the name Aelurillines.[6] The species name derives from the place where it was first found, Zambia.[7]
Description
editThe spider is typical of its genus. The male is small, with a cephalothorax that measures between 2.6 and 2.7 mm (0.10 and 0.11 in) in length and 1.9 and 2.0 mm (0.075 and 0.079 in) in width. It has a brown pear-shaped carapace covered in dense brown hairs with a pair of white streaks. The abdomen is oval, black-brown, 2.6 and 2.8 mm (0.10 and 0.11 in) long and 1.9 and 2.1 mm (0.075 and 0.083 in) wide. The eye field is black, while the legs are brown. The abdomen and eye field both have a distinctive metallic feel. The spider has yellowish grey pedipalps and a round palpal bulb.[8] The shape of the abdomen differs from other species of Stenaelurillus, which are typically oblong, but it is most distinctive feature is the hook-shaped end to its and straight embolus.[9][10]
The female is larger than the male, with a cephalothorax 3.0 and 3.2 mm (0.12 and 0.13 in) long and 2.2 and 2.4 mm (0.087 and 0.094 in) wide and an abdomen 3.1 and 4.0 mm (0.12 and 0.16 in) long and 2.7 and 3.0 mm (0.11 and 0.12 in) wide.[7] The carapace has a pair of white stripes and both the abdomen and eye field lack a metallic look.[11] The epigyne has two large rounded depressions, which distinguishes it from other spiders.[12]
Distribution
editThe distribution covers Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[13] The holotype for the species was found near Mfuwe, Zambia in 1995. The spider has also identified from samples taken from the Mana Pools National Park, Zimbabwe, and the Nature Reserve at Lilongwe, Malawi.[7][10]
References
editCitations
edit- ^ World Spider Catalog (2017). "Stenaelurillus zambiensis Wesolowska, 2014". World Spider Catalog. 18.0. Bern: Natural History Museum. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
- ^ Wiśniewski 2020, p. 6.
- ^ Logunov 2020, p. 202.
- ^ Fernández-Rubio 2013, p. 125.
- ^ Maddison 2015, p. 279.
- ^ Prószyński 2017, p. 95.
- ^ a b c Wesołowska 2014, p. 618.
- ^ Wesołowska 2014, pp. 618–619.
- ^ Dippenaar-Schoeman 2014, p. 219.
- ^ a b Logunov & Azarkina 2018, p. 108.
- ^ Wesołowska 2014, p. 619.
- ^ Wesołowska 2014, p. 620.
- ^ Logunov & Azarkina 2018, p. 110.
Bibliography
edit- Dippenaar-Schoeman, Ansie (2014). Field Guide to South African Spiders. Pretoria: LAPA Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7993-6018-9.
- Fernández-Rubio, Fidel (2013). "La etimología de los nombres de las arañas (Araneae)" [The etymology of the names of spiders (Araneae)]. Revista ibérica de Aracnología (in Spanish) (22): 125–130. ISSN 1576-9518.
- Logunov, Dmitri V. (2020). "Further notes on the genus Stenaelurillus Simon, 1885 from India (Araneae: Salticidae)". Zootaxa. 4899 (1): 201–214. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4899.1.11. PMID 33756833. S2CID 232339218.
- Logunov, Dmitri V.; Azarkina, Galina N. (2018). "Redefinition and partial revision of the genus Stenaelurillus Simon, 1886 (Arachnida, Araneae, Salticidae)". European Journal of Taxonomy (430): 1–126. doi:10.5852/ejt.2018.430.
- Maddison, Wayne P. (2015). "A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)". The Journal of Arachnology. 43 (3): 231–292. doi:10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292. S2CID 85680279.
- Prószyński, Jerzy (2017). "Pragmatic classification of the World's Salticidae (Araneae)". Ecologica Montenegrina. 12: 1–133. doi:10.37828/em.2017.12.1.
- Wesołowska, Wanda (2014). "Further notes on the genus Stenaelurillus Simon, 1885 (Araneae, Salticidae) in Africa with descriptions of eight new species". Zoosystema. 36 (3): 595–622. doi:10.5252/z2014n3a3. S2CID 86684221. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
- Wiśniewski, Konrad (2020). "Over 40 years with jumping spiders: on the 70th birthday of Wanda Wesołowska". Zootaxa. 4899 (1): 5–14. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4899.1.3. PMID 33756825. S2CID 232337200.