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Latest comment: 2 years ago1 comment1 person in discussion
Hello, I have added referenes (from Humboldt and Peña) for the numerals, as requested. I removed the cleanup banner/template then. These two sources were already in the Bibliography section with access dates in 2016. I accessed them again today 2/26/2022 but I don't know how to format two access dates on the same Biblio entry. I also added a note of caution, as in Peña and Muisca_calendar, because their authenticity has been questioned and they may not be numerals. From what I can see, the amazing Choachi calendar stone (Peña, 2009, p. 99) doesn't include these glyphs at all, instead it apparently represents numbers with lines, triangles, and feathers on bird heads. I've read that the Spanish plundered the Chibcha graves and melted down most gold/tumbaga grave goods, so it isn't implausible that these symbols were somewhere on their metals and/or textiles. But of course we can't assume that without evidence. Further details can be found in the Biblio section of Muisca_calendar, especially if you understand Spanish you might find more info.
Two other sources I found are:
Bollaert, Wm. “On the Ancient Indian Tombs of Chiriqui in Veraguas (South-West of Panama), on the Isthmus of Darien”, Transactions of the Ethnological Society of London, 1863, Vol. 2 (1863), pp. 147- 166. At p. 10 (of the JSTOR pdf copy), bottom (Plate XVI) reads in part: ‘we come upon a country called Zenu [northeast of Tunja]: old Spanish writers say the people here had an idea of writing; I have seen no example. ... “I have said in my work on South American Antiquities... Cuhupqua of the Chibcha or Muizca Calendar, which represents, among other objects, the numeral 7. ... These and other figures representing numerals 1 to 10 and 20 are the only examples of writing that has come to my knowledge from New Grenada, “the United States of Colombia”’ but the JSTOR copy of this pdf doesn’t include the described image plates.
