Talk:School integration in the United States

Proposed Class Topic

Hello, I'm a student at Rice University and am interested in revising and adding to this topic as a part of a class assignment. I've listed potential sources on my user page, and look forward to enhancing the history section, in particular. Please let me know if you have any comments, critiques, or advice! Cpm5 (talk) 22:28, 6 September 2016 (UTC)

Here is a link to my more detailed proposal--please add comments! I would greatly appreciate the feedback https://docs.google.com/document/d/1IBS7Jwy0y6F7FIYSPuWQ3EyksVzPOIiC10X0u2rhtF0/edit?usp=sharing Cpm5 (talk) 18:56, 29 September 2016 (UTC)

Rough Bibliography for proposed edits to this article:

Bean, Christopher B.. Too Great a Burden to Bear: The Struggle and Failure of the Freedmen's Bureau in Texas. First edition. New York: Fordham University Press, 2016. 

This book would add detail to the historical background section, particularly in regards to the perspectives found within African-American communities.

Bowman, Kristi L. The Pursuit of Racial and Ethnic Equality in American Public Schools: Mendez, Brown, and Beyond. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press, 2015. 

The book discusses modern resegregation and would add detail to the planned implementation section of the article

Butler, J. Michael. Beyond Integration: The Black Freedom Struggle in Escambia County, Florida, 1960-1980. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 2016.

The book is a case study that discusses how integration was carried out in one school district in Florida, but it speaks to broader themes about integration.

Clotfelter, Charles T. After Brown: The Rise and Retreat of School Desegregation. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 2004.

This book specifically details the immediate aftermath of the landmark Supreme Court decision, Brown v. Board. It provides information about the implementation of integration policies and reactions to desegregation from different communities, which makes it highly useful to this topic.

Cottrol, Robert J., et. al. Brown v. Board of Education: Caste, Culture, and the Constitution. Lawrence, Kan.: University Press of Kansas, 2003.

This book outlines the history of Brown v. Board and, in particular, discusses the lawyers, judges, and other relevant court cases that were relevant to Brown.

Delmont, Matthew F.. Why Busing Failed: Race, Media, and the National Resistance to School Desegregation. Oakland, California: University of California Press, 2016

This recent book deals with one of the many proposed methods to bring about integration: busing. It talks about court cases relevant to busing, reactions from different groups, and reasons why people resisted busing as a solution to segregation.

Fairclough, Adam. A Class of Their Own: Black Teachers in the Segregated South. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2007. 

This book details the history of African-American education and educators in the United States, starting with slavery and going until present day.

Kellar, William Henry. Make Haste Slowly: Moderates, Conservatives, and School Desegregation in Houston. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1999.

This book details school desegregation in Houston, and it includes information about relevant court cases.

Kluger, Richard. Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America's Struggle for Equality. Vintage, 2011. 

This book provides a lot of detail about the lead-up to Brown v. Board and the people who were relevant in making it happen.

Moody, James. "Race, School Integration, and Friendship Segregation in America." American journal of Sociology 107, no. 3 (2001): 679-716.

This article outlines some of the studied benefits of integrated schools

Orfield, Gary, and Susan E. Eaton. Dismantling Desegregation: The Quiet Reversal of Brown v. Board of Education. The New Press, 1997. 

This book describes the implementation of Brown v. Board, particularly focusing on the reactions to it within different communities.

Payne, Charles, So Much Reform, So Little Change: The Persistence of Failure in Urban Schools. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Education Press, 2008. 

This book outlines the institutional racism inherent in the modern public education system, and in doing so it speaks a lot about the process of integration.

San Miguel, Guadalupe. Brown, Not White: School Integration and the Chicano Movement in Houston. College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 2001. 

This book sheds light on the experience of Latinos in Texas who were highly discriminated against during the process of integration.

Straus, Emily E. Death of a Suburban Dream: Race and Schools in Compton, California. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014.

This book is a case study that discusses how integration was carried out in one part of Southern California, and it provides details about challenges that integrated schools faced. Cpm5 (talk) 02:09, 28 September 2016 (UTC)

Peer Review

This article is well-organized, neutral, and readable. It presents information in a logical order and the language is clear and direct throughout. To improve this article, the author can provide more information on modern day aspects of school integration in the U.S. Though the article provides ample information on the history of school integration and past interventions, there is insufficient discussion of present-day issues, responses, and solutions. Adding this information would improve the article by giving all important aspects of the topic an appropriate amount of weight, making it more well-rounded. This is the most important thing the author can do to improve the article—however, the article can also be improved by including information about modern-day school integration in the lead section and using a greater variety of scholarly sources. Sraman195 (talk) 06:13, 16 October 2016 (UTC)

Second Peer Review

The author has significantly improved this article by making the lead section more well-rounded, adding substantial information about modern-day aspects of school integration, and adding numerous new scholarly sources (and putting them into context). The author has resolved all aspects of the article that previously needed improvement—excellent job! Sraman195 (talk) 19:57, 30 October 2016 (UTC)

Peer Review

The article has significantly improved and lots of new information has been added! I think that the article has good organization and structure; everything follows in a logical manner. I also really liked the pictures included the article as well as the listing of Supreme Court cases. There are some wording issues in the text that need to be fixed, but the article is very readable besides that. My main point of improvement for future contributions is to add more sources to diversify the list and to write more about the current state of school integration in the United States. I think that will keep the article well-rounded. Excited to see the final product. Trs6 (talk) 19:01, 16 October 2016 (UTC)

Peer Review II

This article keeps getting better. The addition of eight new sources significantly adds to the credibility of the information and strengthens the article as a while. Also, the expansion of the “impact on modern schools” section balances out the article nicely and makes the information proportionately distributed between all sections. I think that the authors could add a picture relating to modern day integration as well as continue to add more scholarly sources. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Trs6 (talk • contribs) 21:56, 30 October 2016 (UTC)

Quality and Importance Grading

Hi, I noticed that the quality of this article seemed better than start class, and that this topic should be of at least mid importance to WP:Education. So, I went ahead and changed the ratings. If anyone else disagrees, or thinks that the quality ratings should be higher, please feel free to leave me a note on my talk page, or just go ahead and do what you feel is best. All the best Kmwebber (talk) 21:11, 1 December 2016 (UTC)Kmwebber

Re-introduction of segregated schooling in the 21st century

The gist of the existing article is that, in the second half of the 20th century, segregated school systems in the U.S. were integrated. However, there has been a re-introduction of segregation, along with some efforts to reverse this trend. Here is a sampling of a few news stories that might be pertinent to an updated article:

• In N.C., a new battle on school integration (January 12, 2011)
• Memphis school segregation worse than 50 years ago (March 29, 2018)
• A Losing Fight to Keep Schools Desegregated (August 12, 2019)
• School secession movement drives re-segregation (October 25, 2019)
• As Wake School Segregation Worsens, A Push To Counter It (January 3, 2020)
• It's not policy anymore, but 1 in 7 South Carolina schools remain segregated (February 17, 2020)
• School choice's legacy: Segregation or integration? (November 4, 2021)

Please feel free to add other pertinent articles into the above list. Fabrickator (talk) 04:18, 15 November 2021 (UTC)

The article states that segregation was already increasing in the 1990s. :

• "Segregation appears to have increased since 1990. The disparity in the average poverty rate in the schools whites attend and blacks attend is the single most important factor in the educational achievement gap between white and black students" Dimadick (talk) 08:36, 15 November 2021 (UTC)

I see there's a corresponding article School segregation in the United States which cites the same article (which actually offers an ambiguous perspective, stating that "segregation has either increased substantially or changed little". Given that there seems to be an "ebb and flow" of integration/segregation, I don't know whether it might be more sensible for these to be combined into a single article. Fabrickator (talk) 10:27, 15 November 2021 (UTC)