Template:Infobox mercury/testcases

Mercury, ₈₀Hg
Mercury
Appearance	shiny, silvery liquid
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Hg)
	200.592±0.003; 200.59±0.01 (abridged);
Mercury in the periodic table
	gold ← mercury → thallium
Atomic number (Z)	80
Group	group 12
Period	period 6
Block	d-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	liquid
Melting point	234.3210 K (−38.8290 °C, −37.8922 °F)
Boiling point	629.88 K (356.73 °C, 674.11 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	13.546 g/cm3
Triple point	234.3156 K, 1.65×10−7 kPa
Critical point	1750 K, 172.00 MPa
Heat of fusion	2.29 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	59.11 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	27.983 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	common: +1, +2; −2
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.00
Ionization energies	1st: 1007.1 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1810 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 3300 kJ/mol ; ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 151 pm
Covalent radius	132±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	155 pm
	Spectral lines of mercury
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	rhombohedral
Thermal expansion	60.4 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	8.30 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	961 nΩ⋅m (at 25 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	−33.44×10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)
Speed of sound	liquid: 1451.4 m/s (at 20 °C)
CAS Number	7439-97-6
History
Discovery	Ancient Egyptians (before 1500 BCE)
Symbol	"Hg": from its Latin name hydrargyrum, itself from Greek hydrárgyros, 'water-silver'
Isotopes of mercury v; e;
	Category: Mercury (element); view; talk; edit; \| references

Mercury, ₈₀Hg
Mercury
Appearance	shiny, silvery liquid
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Hg)
	200.592±0.003; 200.59±0.01 (abridged);
Mercury in the periodic table
	gold ← mercury → thallium
Atomic number (Z)	80
Group	group 12
Period	period 6
Block	d-block
Electron configuration	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	liquid
Melting point	234.3210 K (−38.8290 °C, −37.8922 °F)
Boiling point	629.88 K (356.73 °C, 674.11 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	13.546 g/cm3
Triple point	234.3156 K, 1.65 × 10−7 kPa
Critical point	1750 K, 172.00 MPa
Heat of fusion	2.29 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	59.11 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	27.983 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	common: +1, +2; −2
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 2.00
Ionization energies	1st: 1007.1 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1810 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 3300 kJ/mol ; ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 151 pm
Covalent radius	132±5 pm
Van der Waals radius	155 pm
	Spectral lines of mercury
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	rhombohedral (hR1)
Lattice constants	ar = 301.06 pm; α = 70.529°; ah = 347.64 pm; ch = 673.20 pm (at triple point)
Thermal expansion	60.4 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	8.30 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	961 nΩ⋅m (at 25 °C)
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibility	−33.44×10−6 cm3/mol (293 K)
Speed of sound	liquid: 1451.4 m/s (at 20 °C)
CAS Number	7439-97-6
History
Discovery	Ancient Egyptians (before 1500 BCE)
Symbol	"Hg": from its Latin name hydrargyrum, itself from Greek hydrárgyros, 'water-silver'
Isotopes of mercury v; e;
	Category: Mercury (element); view; talk; edit; \| references

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Mercury (element) 18-col

Infobox Hg (live)

Infobox Hg /sandbox

^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Mercury". CIAAW. 2011.
^ ^a ^b Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^ Fehlauer, H.; Bettin, H. (2004). "Density of mercury—measurements and reference values". Metrologia. 41 (2): S16–S22. doi:10.1088/0026-1394/41/2/S02. Retrieved 2023-07-08.
^ ^a ^b Brauer, G.; Haucke, W. (1936-06-01). "Kristallstruktur der intermetallischen Phasen MgAu und MgHg". Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie. 33B (1): 304–310. doi:10.1515/zpch-1936-3327. ISSN 2196-7156. MgHg then lends itself to an oxidation state of +2 for Mg and -2 for Hg because it consists entirely of these polar bonds with no evidence of electron unpairing. (translated)
^ Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.
^ "Magnetic Susceptibility of the Elements And Inorganic Compounds" (PDF). www-d0.fnal.gov. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory: DØ Experiment (lagacy document). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2004-03-24. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
^ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.
^ ^a ^b Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Mercury". CIAAW. 2011.
^ Fehlauer, H.; Bettin, H. (2004). "Density of mercury—measurements and reference values". Metrologia. 41 (2): S16–S22. doi:10.1088/0026-1394/41/2/S02. Retrieved 2023-07-08.
^ "Magnetic Susceptibility of the Elements And Inorganic Compounds" (PDF). www-d0.fnal.gov. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory: DØ Experiment (lagacy document). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2004-03-24. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
^ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Mercury". CIAAW. 2011.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[3] Fehlauer, H.; Bettin, H. (2004). "Density of mercury—measurements and reference values". Metrologia. 41 (2): S16–S22. doi:10.1088/0026-1394/41/2/S02. Retrieved 2023-07-08.

[Brauer-1936-4] Brauer, G.; Haucke, W. (1936-06-01). "Kristallstruktur der intermetallischen Phasen MgAu und MgHg". Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie. 33B (1): 304–310. doi:10.1515/zpch-1936-3327. ISSN 2196-7156. MgHg then lends itself to an oxidation state of +2 for Mg and -2 for Hg because it consists entirely of these polar bonds with no evidence of electron unpairing. (translated)

[Arblaster_2018-5] Arblaster, John W. (2018). Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. ISBN 978-1-62708-155-9.

[6] "Magnetic Susceptibility of the Elements And Inorganic Compounds" (PDF). www-d0.fnal.gov. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory: DØ Experiment (lagacy document). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2004-03-24. Retrieved 18 February 2015.

[7] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

[NUBASE2020-8] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

[9] "Standard Atomic Weights: Mercury". CIAAW. 2011.

[10] Fehlauer, H.; Bettin, H. (2004). "Density of mercury—measurements and reference values". Metrologia. 41 (2): S16–S22. doi:10.1088/0026-1394/41/2/S02. Retrieved 2023-07-08.

[11] "Magnetic Susceptibility of the Elements And Inorganic Compounds" (PDF). www-d0.fnal.gov. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory: DØ Experiment (lagacy document). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2004-03-24. Retrieved 18 February 2015.

[12] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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