Stanisław Ostwind-Zuzga | |
|---|---|
| Nickname(s) | „Kropidło”, „Bolesław” |
| Born | April 26, 1899 Warsaw, Poland. |
| Died | February 4, 1945 (aged 45) Warsaw, Poland |
| Allegiance |  Poland |
| Service | National Armed Forces |
| Years of service | 1915-1920 1942-1945 |
| Rank |  Major |
| Commands | National Armed Forces |
Stanisław Ostwind-Zuzga codename, „Kropidło”, „Bolesław” (born 26 april 1899, died. 4 lutego 1945 in Warsaw) – Polish Jew, master seargant of Polish Army, major of National Forced Arms (NSZ), local commandant of NSZ in Węgrów, highest ranked Jewish officer in Polish conspiration during World War II.
Life
editBorn in Warsaw as Szmul Ostwind, son of two Jews, Wolf (Władysław) Ostwind and Rebeka (Regina) born Saudel. Between 1915 and 1917 he fought Polish Legions, in w Polish 1st Legions Infantry Regiment, lead by major Edward Śmigły-Rydz. He participated in uczestniczył m.in. w Battle of Kostiuchnówka. After Oath crisis he was interned by Germans in Szczypiorno. In 1919 he graduated from military acedemy as master seargant, wfter which he was assigned to 36th Infantry Regiment, and participated in Polish–Soviet War of 1920. [1]
After Germany invaded Poland in 1939, he was living under a false name of Zuzga. Since 1942 he was a member of National Military Organization w powiecie łukowskim, later ha transferred to National Force Arms. He finished training in NSZ training facility „Dym” (Smoke) in Jata, after which he operated in Siedlce area. In May 1944 he became a leader of regional commendanture of NSZ w Węgrów. He was top-ranked Polish Jewish officer in Polish (noncommunist) resistance. On 1 June 1944 he was propoted to a rank o major. One of his first actions as a leader was attempt to negotiate joining forces with Home Army, na attempt which most likely failed. On 3 January 1945, he was arrested by a newly-established (after Soviet occupation of Poland), Communist secret police ([[Ministry_of_Public_Security_(Poland) | Ministry of Public Securing). He was later transferred to a prison in Otwock and merciless tortured during the questioning. After his Jewish origin has been discovered, the Communists attempted to convince him to switch sides, an offer which he refused. He was executed on 4 February 1945[1][2][3][4]
- ^ a b Mariusz, Bechta. Między Bolszewią a Niemcami. Konspiracja polityczna i wojskowa Polskiego Obozu Narodowego na Podlasiu w latach 1939-1952. Instytut Pamięci Narodowej. p. 519. ISBN 978-83-73-99373-0.
- ^ Charczuk, Wiesław. "Przeobrażenia personalne w Podlaskiej Komendzie NSZ w latach 1945-1947" (PDF). Wschodni Rocznik Humanistyczny (1/2004): 257. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
- ^ Tomaszkiewicz, Tadeusz (1993). Narodowe Siły Zbrojne. Pow. Węgrow 1942-1950. Warsaw. p. 116.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Muszyński, Wojciech. "Antysemityzm dotyczył Niemców, a nie Polaków". Retrieved 23 February 2016.