User:Brenda le11/sandbox

== Article Evaluation ==

As I read the article about the U.S Census Bureau, I noticed that everything was factual. There were no opinions whatsoever. All of the content that I read was relevant to the census except I did get distracted while reading the list of the different types of surveys that were conducted in between each census. Although the surveys are important for demographic data in between each decade, I did not think it was necessary to list more than five surveys as examples. Overall, the article did not include any claims or frames that were heavily biased towards one particular side which showed that this article used many reliable sources to make sure that no bias was included. There was information that included both sides but they countered each other out so there was no bias. I am sure there are many opinions about the U.S. Census Bureau, but this article did a great job at focusing on the information, not the opinions about it. When the article talked about the uses of the census data, I believe that there could have been more information about it since the census is a crucial factor in determining many things for the United States demography, and how to improve the country based on the data that was given. When I clicked on a few links, only one did not have any information on it so I assume that the source took the article off after the editor added their source onto this census article. That link was number 22 on the "references" list. Other than that link, the rest of them worked. The sources did support the claim that was included in the article so the editors did a great job with that. Since this article was factual-based, there was a source for every paragraph and almost every sentence included a link to a different website that included that information. Some of the facts did not come from a reliable source since the tutorial stated that using the official website is not considered to be a reliable source, and a good portion of the references comes from the official U.S Census Bureau website. Overall, all of the sources seem neutral to me, there was no bias included. Only small details are out of date such as the amount of employees since the last time they calculated the amount of employees was in 2006. Also, the annual budget has not been updated since 2011 so that would be important to add a current annual budget from 2017. On the Talk page, I noticed that a lot of questions were asked about what to add or delete for a certain section, recommendations on what to improve on for a particular sentence, and reliable sources that editors have included so others can check it out. Everyone was respectful and polite towards one another, and did not criticize anyone's work. They only helped one another to assure that this article was the best it could be for the public to read. This article was rated a C-class and is a part of four WikiProjects. The way Wikipedia addresses this topic is different than how we address it in class because Wikipedia focuses on the general information and the history of the U.S Census while the class focuses on the future of the Census rather than the history of it. We talk about the improvements that have been discussed for the next Census in 2020, the issues and errors that occur within the U.S Census, and importance of the Census for the country. Nice job! - Prof. Hammad

Contribution to My Selected Article

I plan to add more comparisons between dependency ratios in the different stages of the Demographic Transition and how it will overall affect the demography of that country. I want to add more recent data on countries that are struggling with their dependency ratios and the solutions that can be made to fix it. I will do more research on migrant labor dependency ratio and how that affects the demography of a country. I noticed that the aging in Japan and some countries in Europe in 2010 was tremendously higher compared to other parts of the world and I want to include more information on how that occurred, and what those they will do to fix their aging problem. Good start, but what about the sources you plan to use? - Prof. H

Sentences Added to My Selected Article - Dependency Ratio

[Adding my new paragraph in the "Issues" Section in the Article]

High dependency ratios can also lead to long-term economic changes within the population such as saving rates, investment rates, the housing markets, and the consumption patterns. Typically, workers will start to increase their savings as they grow closer to retirement age, but this will eventually affect their long-term interest rates due to the retirement population increasing and the fertility rates decreasing. If the demographic population continues to follow this trend, their savings will decrease while their long-term interest rates increase. Due to the saving rates decreasing, the investment rate will prevent economic growth because there will be less funding for investment projects. There is a correlation between labor force and housing markets, so when there is a high age-dependency ratio in a country, the investments in housing markets will decrease since the labor force is decreasing due to a high dependency population.

This is a population pyramid of Japan's age structure in 2017. Japan has been struggling with an aging population for a few years now, and is looking for solutions to fix their uneven age distribution. 1 out of 4 are over the age of 65 in Japan.

[Potential New Section "Solutions"]

Rwanda is a developing country struggling with the "youth bulge" - a younger population. They are currently in Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model. This stage shows that Rwanda has declining mortality rates while still having high fertility rates creating a large population growth in the younger population (ages 15 and under).

Low dependency ratios promote economic growth while high dependency ratios decrease economic growth due to the large amounts of dependents that pay little to no taxes. A solution to decreasing the dependency ratio within a country is to promote immigration for younger people. This will stimulate a higher economic growth because the working-age population will grow in numbers if more young adults migrate into their country. This method has shown great results in Asia's economic growth.

The increase in the involvement of women in the work force has contributed to the working-age population which compliments the dependency ratio for a country. Encouraging women to work will help decrease the dependency ratio. Because more women are getting a higher education, it is less likely for them to have children causing the fertility rates to decrease as well.

[Potential New Section "Dependency ratios based on the Demographic Transition Model"]

The age-dependency ratio can determine which stage in the Demographic Transition Model a certain country is in. The dependency ratio acts like a rollercoaster when going through the stages of the Demographic Transition Model. During stages 1 and 2, the dependency ratio is high due to significantly high crude birth rates putting pressure onto the smaller working-age population to take care of all of them. In stage 3, the dependency ratio starts to decrease because fertility and mortality rates start to decrease which shows that the proportion of adults to the young and elderly are much larger in this stage. In stages 4 and 5, the dependency ratio starts to increase once again as the working-age population retires. Because fertility rates caused the younger population to decrease, once they grow up and start working, there will be more pressure for them to take care of the previous working-age population that just retired since there will be more young and elderly people than working-age adults during that time period. The population structure of a country is an important factor for determining the economic status of their country. Japan is a great example of an aging population. They have a 1:4 ratio of people 65 years and older. This causes trouble for them because there is not enough people in the working-age population to support all of the elders. Rwanda is another example of a population that struggles with a younger population (also known as the "youth bulge"). Both of these countries are struggling with high dependency ratios even though both countries are on opposite stages of the Demographic Transition Model.

I think you're on the right track with these additions! - Prof H