User:Donald Trung/Pháp thuộc (法屬)/Infobox

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French protectorates of Annam and Tonkin
Protectorats de l'Annam et du Tonkin
Đại Nam quốc (大南國)[a]
1884–1945
Motto: Dân vi quý
民為貴
"The people are the most precious"
Royal anthem: Đăng đàn cung
("The Emperor Mounts His Throne")
Heirloom Seal of the Southern Realm
Đại Nam thụ thiên vĩnh mệnh truyền quốc tỷ
大南受天永命傳國璽
 
 
Administrative divisions of Đại Nam (within French Indochina) in the year Bảo Đại 12 (1937).
StatusFrench protectorate[2][3]
CapitalHuế (imperial)
Hanoi (Tonkin and federal)
Official languagesVietnamese
Văn ngôn
French
Religion
State ideologies:
Ruism, Buddhism
Minority:
Christianity, Folk religion, Hinduism, Islam, and Taoism
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy under French protection
Emperor 
• 1884–1885
Hàm Nghi
• 1885–1889
Đồng Khánh
• 1889–1907
Thành Thái
• 1907–1916
Duy Tân
• 1916–1925
Khải Định
• 1925–1945
Bảo Đại
LegislatureNone (rule by decree)[b]
Historical eraModern era, World War II
6 June 1884
• The Đồng Khánh Emperor officially cedes the cities of Hanoi, Hải Phòng, and Tourane (Đà Nẵng) to direct French rule
1–3 October 1888
9 March 1945
• Declaration of independence
11 March 1945
Population
• 1890
14,752,000
• 1942
25,552,000
CurrencyZinc and copper-alloy cash coins (denominated in phần, văn, mạch, and quán)
Silver and gold cash coins and ingots (denominated in phân, nghi, tiền, and lạng / lượng)
French Indochinese piastre (from 1885)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
  Independent Nguyễn dynasty period
1888:
Hanoi
 
Haiphong  
Tourane  
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
 
Today part ofVietnam
  1. ^ Contemporary sources sometimes use the term Trung–Bắc Kỳ (中–北圻) to refer to the territory controlled by the government of the Southern dynasty.[1]
  2. ^ There existed a House of People's Representatives of Annam and a House of People's Representatives of Tonkin, but these were advisory bodies as legally only the Emperor remained the legislative branch of Annam and Tonkin.
  1. ^ Tràng An báo, Số 313, 19 Tháng Tư 1938. (in Vietnamese).
  2. ^ Eastman, Lloyd E. (1967). Throne and Mandarins: China's Search for a Policy during the Sino-French Controversy. Harvard University Press. pp. 123–124.
  3. ^ Brocheux, Pierre; Hémery, Daniel (2011). Indochina: An Ambiguous Colonization, 1858–1954. University of California Press. pp. 78–81.

See also

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Sources for the independent period.