User:Edknol/Sandbox5

Mars landers

Table consisting of list of Mars landers
S.No	Landers	Launch Date	Landing Date	Mass (kg)^[1]	Landing Site	Region	Status	Country of Origin	MOLA	Entry Velocity	References
6.	Viking 1	20 Aug 1975	20 Jul 1976	572	22.27°N 47.95°W	Chryse Planitia	Success	USA	-3.5	4.61 km/sec	^[2]
7.	Viking 2	09 Sep 1975	03 Sep 1976	572	47.64°N 225.71°W	Utopia Planitia	Success	USA	-3.5	4.61 km/sec	^[3]
11.	Mars Pathfinder	04 Dec 1996	04 Jul 1997	361	19°7′48″ N 33°18′12″W	Ares Vallis	Success	USA	-2.5	7.26 km/sec	^[4]^[5]
12.	Mars Polar Lander	03 Jan 1999	03 Dec 1999	583	76°S 195°W	Ultimi Scopuli	Failed	USA	-3.0	6.91 km/sec	^[6]^[7]
13.	Beagle 2	02 Jun 2003	25 Dec 2003	33.2	11.5265°N 90.4295°E	Isidis Planitia	Failed	United Kingdom	-	5.63 km/sec	^[8]^[9]
14.	Spirit rover	10 Jun 2003	4 Jan 2004	174	14.5684°S 175.4726°E	Gusev Crater	Success	USA	-1.9	5.4 Km/sec	^[10]^[11]^[12]
15.	Opportunity rover	07 Jul 2003	25 Jan 2004	174	1.9462°S 354.4743°E	Meridiani Planum	Success	USA	-1.4	5.5 Km/sec	^[10]^[13]^[12]
16.	Phoenix lander	04 Aug 2007	5 May 2008	350	68.22°N 125.7°W	Vastitas Borealis	Success	USA	-3.5	5.59 km/sec	^[4]
17.	Curiosity rover	26 Nov 2011	5 Aug 2012	899	4.5895°S 137.4417°E	Gale Crater	Operational	USA	2.0	5.6 km/sec	^[14]^[15]^[12]
18.	Schiaparelli EDM	14 Mar 2016	19 Oct 2016	577	2.052°S 6.208°W	Meridiani Planum	Failed	ESA/ Russia	1.45	5.83 km/sec	^[16]
19.	InSight Mars Lander	5 May 2018	26 Nov 2018	727	4.5°N 135.9°E	Elysium Planitia	Success	USA	-2.5	6.3 km/sec	^[17]
20.	Perseverance rover	30 Jul 2020	18 Feb 2021	1,025	18.4447°N 77.4508°E	Jezero crater	Operational	USA	-	-	^[18]
21.	Tianwen-1	23 July 2020	14 May 2021	240	25.1°N 109.7°E	Utopia Planitia	Operational	China	-	-	^[19]

^ M, Malaya Kumar Biswal; A, Ramesh Naidu (2018-08-23). "A Novel Entry, Descent and Landing Architecture for Mars Landers". arXiv:1809.00062 [physics.pop-ph].
^ "Viking 1 Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
^ "Viking 2 Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
^ ^a ^b Shevalev, I. L.; Huntress, W. T.; Moroz, V. I. (2002-09-01). "Planetary Missions of the 20th Century*". Cosmic Research. 40 (5): 419–445. doi:10.1023/A:1020690700050. S2CID 117853853.
^ Nilsen, E. N. (2012). Exploring Mars: an overview
^ Willcockson, William H. (1999). "Mars Pathfinder Heatshield Design and Flight Experience". Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 36 (3): 374–379. Bibcode:1999JSpRo..36..374W. doi:10.2514/2.3456.
^ "NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Details". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
^ Lindstrand, Per (2003). "Parachute Subsystems for the Beagle 2 Mars Lander Entry Descent and Landing Systems". 44th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. doi:10.2514/6.2003-1902. ISBN 978-1-62410-100-7.
^ Linkin, V.; et al. (1998-06-01). "A sophisticated lander for scientific exploration of Mars: scientific objectives and implementation of the Mars-96 Small Station". Planetary and Space Science. 46 (6–7): 717–737. Bibcode:1998P&SS...46..717L. doi:10.1016/S0032-0633(98)00008-7. PMID 11541818.
^ ^a ^b mars.nasa.gov. "Newsroom". mars.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
^ "GeoHack - Spirit rover". geohack.toolforge.org. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
^ ^a ^b ^c Mars Exploration Entry, Descent and Landing Challenges (gatech.edu)
^ "GeoHack - Opportunity rover". geohack.toolforge.org. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
^ mars.nasa.gov. "Summary | Rover". NASA’s Mars Exploration Program. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
^ mars.nasa.gov. "News". NASA’s Mars Exploration Program. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
^ "NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Details". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
^ Greicius, Tony (2015-02-23). "InSight Mars Lander | Missions". NASA. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
^ "Mission Overview". NASA Mars. NASA. Archived from the original on 2022-04-10. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
^ @sklplanets (May 15, 2021). "Succesful [sic] landing of #Tianwen1, on #Mars! Landing point: 109.7 E, 25.1 N, less than 40 km from target location in Utopia Planitia. More details expected later!" (Tweet). Retrieved 2021-05-15 – via Twitter.

[:9-1] M, Malaya Kumar Biswal; A, Ramesh Naidu (2018-08-23). "A Novel Entry, Descent and Landing Architecture for Mars Landers". arXiv:1809.00062 [physics.pop-ph].

[2] "Viking 1 Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.

[3] "Viking 2 Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.

[:5-4] Shevalev, I. L.; Huntress, W. T.; Moroz, V. I. (2002-09-01). "Planetary Missions of the 20th Century*". Cosmic Research. 40 (5): 419–445. doi:10.1023/A:1020690700050. S2CID 117853853.

[:6-5] Nilsen, E. N. (2012). Exploring Mars: an overview

[:7-6] Willcockson, William H. (1999). "Mars Pathfinder Heatshield Design and Flight Experience". Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 36 (3): 374–379. Bibcode:1999JSpRo..36..374W. doi:10.2514/2.3456.

[:8-7] "NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Details". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.

[8] Lindstrand, Per (2003). "Parachute Subsystems for the Beagle 2 Mars Lander Entry Descent and Landing Systems". 44th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. doi:10.2514/6.2003-1902. ISBN 978-1-62410-100-7.

[9] Linkin, V.; et al. (1998-06-01). "A sophisticated lander for scientific exploration of Mars: scientific objectives and implementation of the Mars-96 Small Station". Planetary and Space Science. 46 (6–7): 717–737. Bibcode:1998P&SS...46..717L. doi:10.1016/S0032-0633(98)00008-7. PMID 11541818.

[:11-10] rs.nasa.gov. "Newsroom". mars.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-24.

[11] "GeoHack - Spirit rover". geohack.toolforge.org. Retrieved 2021-05-24.

[ReferenceA-12] Mars Exploration Entry, Descent and Landing Challenges (gatech.edu)

[13] "GeoHack - Opportunity rover". geohack.toolforge.org. Retrieved 2021-05-24.

[14] rs.nasa.gov. "Summary | Rover". NASA’s Mars Exploration Program. Retrieved 2021-05-24.

[15] rs.nasa.gov. "News". NASA’s Mars Exploration Program. Retrieved 2021-05-24.

[16] "NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Details". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.

[17] Greicius, Tony (2015-02-23). "InSight Mars Lander | Missions". NASA. Retrieved 2019-01-13.

[18] "Mission Overview". NASA Mars. NASA. Archived from the original on 2022-04-10. Retrieved 2020-05-05.

[19] @sklplanets (May 15, 2021). "Succesful [sic] landing of #Tianwen1, on #Mars! Landing point: 109.7 E, 25.1 N, less than 40 km from target location in Utopia Planitia. More details expected later!" (Tweet). Retrieved 2021-05-15 – via Twitter.

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