User:Ewithu/sandbox

Western Mansi
маньсь льӓх, моаньсь лаатых
Pronunciation	[manʲsʲ lʲæx], [moɒ̯nʲsʲ laːtəx]
Native to	Russia
Region	Sverdlovsk
Native speakers	-
Language family	Uralic Finno-Ugric Ugric? (traditional grouping) Ob-Ugric? Proto-Mansi Core Mansi Central Mansi Western Mansi
Dialects	Pelym North Vagil South Vagil Lover Lozva Middle Lozva
Language codes
ISO 639-3	-
Glottolog	west2976
Western Mansi is classified as Extinct by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010)

Eastern Mansi
маньсь лынгх
Pronunciation	[mɒnʲsʲ lʲɘŋx]
Native to	Russia
Region	Khanty–Mansi
Native speakers	? (last native speaker died in 2018)
Language family	Uralic Finno-Ugric Ugric? (traditional grouping) Ob-Ugric? Proto-Mansi Core Mansi Central Mansi Eastern Mansi
Dialects	Lower Konda Middle Konda Upper Konda Jukonda
Language codes
ISO 639-3	-
Glottolog	east2879
Eastern Mansi is classified as Extinct by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger (2010)

Possible Western Mansi Alphabet

А а	Ӓ ӓ	Б б	В в	Г г	Д д	Е е	Ж ж	З з
И и	Й й	Ј ј	К к	Л л	М м	Н н	О о	Ӧ ӧ
П п	Р р	С с	Т т	У у	Ӱ ӱ	Ф ф	Х х	Ц ц
Ч ч	Щ щ	Ш ш	Ъ ъ	Ы ы	Ь ь	Э э	Ю ю	Я я

Western References

• Матпiинэл и Маркнэл Елпынг Евангелiи Маньсынгыш : От Матфея и от Марка святые Евангелия по-вогульски, изданные Британским и Иностранным Библейским Обществом. - Гельсингфорсъ : Типография Финского литературного общества, 1882. - 142 с. [2]

Eastern Mansi Alphabet

Eastern Mansi also known as the Konda language doesn't use special characters in it's alphabet, stated in the first-ever Konda-Russian dictionary

А а	Б б	В в	Г г	Д д	Е е	Ж ж	З з
И и	Й й	К к	Л л	М м	Н н	О о	П п
Р р	С с	Т т	У у	Ф ф	Х х	Ц ц	Ч ч
Щ щ	Ш ш	Ъ ъ	Ы ы	Ь ь	Э э	Ю ю	Я я

Phonology of Eastern Mansi

Considerable differences can be found between Eastern and Northern Mansi.

Consonants

Middle Konda Mansi consonants [3]

	Labial	Alveolar	(Alveolo-) Palatal	Velar
				Plain	Labialized
Nasals	/m/ м	/n/ н	/nʲ/ нь	/ŋ/ нг
Stops	/p/ п	/t/ т	/tʲ/ ть	/k/ к	/kʷ/ кв
Affricate			/sʲ/ сь
Fricatives		/s/ с		/x/ [2] /ɣ/ х г	/xʷ/ [3] *ɣʷ [4] хв (в)
Semivowels			/j/ й		/w/ в
Laterals		/l/ л	/lʲ/ ль
Trill		/r/ р

Eastern References

• E. A. Kuzakova (2001). Мансийско-русский словарь (кондинский диалект мансийского языка), По рассказу П. К. Чейметова «Ворыяп хумый» («Два охотника») [Mansi-Russian dictionary (Kondinsky dialect of the Mansi language), Based on the story by P. K. Cheymetov “Ворыяп хумый” (“Two Hunters”)] (PDF). Kondinsky district: local history museum. ISBN 5-7142-0369-0.

Phonology

Consonants

Eastern Mansi consonants

	Labial	Alveolar	(Alveolo-) Palatal	Velar
				Plain	Labialized
Nasals	/m/ м	/n/ н	/nʲ/ нь	/ŋ/ [1] нг [3]
Stops	/p/ п	/t/ т	/tʲ/ ть	/k/ к	/kʷ/ кв
Affricate			/sʲ/ сь
Fricatives		/s/ н		/x/ [2] х /ɣ/ [1] г	/xʷ/ [2] хв
Semivowels			/j/ й		/w/ в
Laterals		/l/ л	/lʲ/ ль
Trill		/r/ р

Some remarks:

1. Neither in Middle nor Lower Konda do these appear at the beginning of words.
2. In Middle Konda it does not appear in the beginning of words, but in Lower Konda it does.
3. /ŋ/ is also spelled with just н if it comes before к or х. This rule does not include suffixes; like in мынгым /mənɣəm/

Vowels

Eastern Mansi vowels

	Front		Central		Back
	Unrounded	Rounded	Unrounded	Rounded	Unrounded	Rounded
Close	i K[1]	y, yː K[3]				u, uː K[3]
Close-mid			ɘ, ɘː KM			o, oː K[3]
Mid	e~i eːK [2] [3]		(ə)
Near-open	æ, æː K
Open	a, aː K [4]					ɒ K

(KM=Present in Middle Konda | KU=Present in Upper Konda | K=Present in both)

Some remarks:

1. Only present in palatal environments.
2. It has the allophone /iː/.
3. Neither in Middle nor Lower Konda do these appear in non-initial syllable positions.
4. Neither in Middle nor Lower Konda do /aː/ appear in first syllable positions.

Diphthongs

In Middle Konda, the diphthongs are /øæ/ or /øæ̯/ and /oɒ/ found in both first and non-initial syllable positions.

In Lower Konda, the /æø/ diphthong is usually realized as /œ/ which is only found in first syllable positions, while /øæ/ is found in both first and non-initial syllable positions.

Consonants

Mansi consonants

	Labial	Alveolar	(Alveolo-) Palatal	Velar
				Plain	Labialized
Nasals	/m/ м	/n/ н	/nʲ/ нь	/ŋ/ ӈ	/ŋʷ/ ӈв
Voiceless Stops	/p/ п	/t/ т	/tʲ/ ть	/k/ к	/kʷ/ кв
Voiced Stops	/b/ Б	/d/ Д	/dʲ/ Дь	/g/ г[5]
Affricate			/ɕ/ [1] ~ /sʲ/ щ ~ сь
Fricatives		/s/ с		/x/ [2] /ɣ/ х г	/xʷ/ [3] *ɣʷ [4] хв (в)
Semivowels			/j/ й		/w/ в
Laterals		/l/ л	/lʲ/ ль
Trill		/r/ р

The inventory presented here is a maximal collection of segments found across the Mansi varieties. Some remarks:

1. /ɕ/ is an allophone of /sʲ/.
2. The voiceless velar fricatives /x/, /xʷ/ are only found in the Northern group and the Lower Konda dialect of the Eastern group, resulting from spirantization of *k, *kʷ adjacent to original back vowels.
3. According to Honti, a contrast between *w and *ɣʷ can be reconstructed, but this does not surface in any of the attested varieties.
4. The labialization contrast among the velars dates back to Proto-Mansi, but was in several varieties strengthened by labialization of velars adjacent to rounded vowels. In particular, Proto-Mansi *yK → Core Mansi *æKʷ (a form of transphonologization).
5. Only pronounced as /g/ in loan words.

UDHR in Uralics test

Comparison

Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (in English):

Comparison of the text in prominent Uralic languages:

• Livvi: Kai rahvas roittahes vällinny da taza-arvozinnu omas arvos da oigevuksis. Jogahizele heis on annettu mieli da omatundo da heil vältämättäh pidäy olla keskenäh, kui vellil.
• Veps: Kaik mehed sünduba joudajin i kohtaižin, ühtejiččin ičeze arvokahudes i oiktusiš. Heile om anttud mel’ i huiktusentund i heile tariž kožuda toine toiženke kut vel’l’kundad.
• Estonian: Kõik inimesed sünnivad vabadena ja võrdsetena oma väärikuselt ja õigustelt. Neile on antud mõistus ja südametunnistus ja nende suhtumist üksteisesse peab kandma vendluse vaim.
• Livonian: Amād rovzt attõ sindõnd brīd ja īdlizt eņtš vǟrtitõks ja õigiztõks. Näntõn um andtõd mūoštõks ja sidāmtundimi, ja näntõn um īdtuoisõ tuoimõmõst veļkub vaimsõ.
• Northern Sami: Buot olbmot leat riegádan friddjan ja olmmošárvvu ja olmmošvuoigatvuođaid dáfus. Sii leat jierbmalaš olbmot geain lea oamedovdu ja sii gálggaše leat dego vieljačagat.
• Erzya: Весе ломантне чачить олякс ды правасост весе вейкетекс. Сынст улить превест-чарьксчист ды визькстэ чарькодемаст, вейке-вейкень коряс прясь тенст ветяма братонь ёжо марто., romanized: Veśe lomańt́ńe čačit́ oĺaks di pravasost veśe vejket́eks. Sinst uĺit́ pŕevest-čaŕksčist di viźkste čaŕkod́emast, vejke-vejkeń koŕas pŕaś t́eńst vet́ama bratoń jožo marto.
• Komi-Permyak: Быдӧс отирыс чужӧны вольнӧйезӧн да ӧткоддезӧн достоинствоын да правоэзын. Нылӧ сетӧм мывкыд да совесть овны ӧтамӧдныскӧт кыдз воннэзлӧ., romanized: Bydös oťirys ćužöny voľnöjjezön da ötkoďďezön dostoinstvoyn da pravoezyn. Nylö śetöm myvkyd da sovesť ovny ötamödnysköt kydź vonnezlö.
• Nenets: Ет хибяри ненэць соямарианта хуркари правада тнява, ӈобой ненэця ниду нись токалба, ӈыбтамба илевату тара., romanized: Jet° x́ibaŕi ńeneć° sojamaŕianta xurkaŕi pravada tńawa, ŋoboj° ńeneća ńidu ńiś° tokalba, ŋibtamba iľewatu tara., lit. 'Each person is born with all the rights, one person to another one should relate similarly.'

Comparison of the text in other Uralic languages:

• Northern Mansi:
• Northern Khanty: Хуԯыева мирӑт вәԯьня па имуртӑн вәԯты щира сєма питԯӑт. Ԯыв нумсаңӑт па ԯывеԯа еԯєм атум ут вєрты па кўтэԯн ԯыв ԯәхсӑңа вәԯԯӑт., romanized: Xułyewa mirăt wəł’nâ pa imurtăn wəłty ŝira sêma pitłăt. Ływ numsan̦ăt pa ływeła ełêm atum ut wêrty pa kŭtèłn ływ łəxsăn̦a wəłłăt.