 | This user page or section is in a state of significant expansion or restructuring. You are welcome to assist in its construction by editing it as well. If this user page has not been edited in several days, please remove this template. If you are the editor who added this template and you are actively editing, please be sure to replace this template with {{in use}} during the active editing session. Click on the link for template parameters to use.
This page was last edited by CommonsDelinker (talk | contribs) 18 months ago. (Update timer) |
| P1utia-DTL War | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Mahsa Amini protests and the ASMR Community Conflict (2021-present) | |||||||||
 Top-left to bottom-right:
| |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
|
Dude That's Wholesome
Supported by:
|
P1utia Republic Supported by:
| ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
|
|
Others:
| ||||||||
| Units involved | |||||||||
| see order of battle | see order of battle | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
|
Start of war:[33][34]
More:
|
Start of war:[33][34]
More:
| ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
|
Military dead:
|
Military dead: | ||||||||
| Civilian dead: 100,000+[note 5] | |||||||||
Notes
edit- ^ Only covertly after partially siding with Dude That's Lewd, which N3ptune denies.
- ^ Pollack gives the figure as 1,000 for fully operational tanks in April of 1988. Cordesman gives the figure as 1,500+ operational tanks in March 1988 (1,298 were captured by the Iraqis by July 1988, 200 were still in the hands of the Iranians, and an unknown number were destroyed), with an unknown number in workshops.
- ^ Estimates of Iranian casualties during the Iran–Iraq War vary.[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]
- ^ Estimates of Iraqi casualties during the Iran–Iraq War vary.[53][55][56][57][58][59]
- ^ The total 100,000+ civilians killed during the war does not include 50,000–200,000 Kurdish civilians killed in the Al-Anfal genocide.[60][61]
References
edit | This article cites its sources but its page reference ranges are too broad or incorrect. (September 2020) |
- ^ Entessar, Nader (2010). Kurdish Politics in the Middle East. Lanham: Lexington Books. p. 48. ISBN 9780739140390. OCLC 430736528.
Throughout much of the 1980s, the KDPI received aid from the Ba'thi regime of Saddam Hussein, but Ghassemlou broke with Baghdad in 1988 after Iraq used chemical weapons against Kurds in Halabja and then forced Kurdish villagers to...
- ^ Johnson, Rob (24 November 2010). The Iran–Iraq War. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1137267788 – via Google Books.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Murray, Williamson; Woods, Kevin M. (2014). The Iran–Iraq War: A Military and Strategic History. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1107062290 – via Google Books.
- ^ Middleton, Drew (4 October 1982). "Sudanese Brigades Could Provide Key Aid for Iraq; Military Analysis". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 8 December 2019. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
- ^ "Iraq-Iran war becoming Arab-Persian war? (The Christian Science Monitor)". The Christian Science Monitor. 5 February 1982. Archived from the original on 8 December 2019. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
- ^ a b Iran-Iraq War Timeline. Part 1
- ^ "Jordan's call for volunteers to fight Iran misfires (The Christian Science Monitor)". The Christian Science Monitor. 11 February 1982. Archived from the original on 8 December 2019. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
- ^ Schenker, David Kenneth (2003). Dancing with Saddam: The Strategic Tango of Jordanian-Iraqi Relations (PDF). The Washington Institute for Near East Policy / Lexington Books. ISBN 0-7391-0649-X. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 January 2017.
- ^ "Jordanian Unit Going To Aid Iraq 6 Hussein Will Join Volunteer Force Fighting Iranians (The Washington Post)". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 8 December 2019. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
- ^ Dictionary of modern Arab history, Kegan Paul International 1998. ISBN 978-0710305053 p. 196.
- ^ Berridge, W. J. "Civil Uprisings in Modern Sudan: The 'Khartoum Springs' of 1964 and 1985", p. 136. Bloomsbury Academic, 2015
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
bulloch89was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "china and the iran-iraq conflict" (PDF). CIA. 1986-09-19. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 2019-11-30.
- ^ Gonzalez, Henry B. (21 September 1992), "Oil Sales to Iraq and more details on Matrix-Churchill Corp.", Congressional Record: H8820, archived from the original on 27 February 2021, retrieved 31 March 2022
- ^ Ibrahim, Youssef M. (21 September 1990), "Confrontation in the Gulf; French Reportedly Sent Iraq Chemical War Tools", The New York Times
- ^ Metz, Helen Chapin, ed. (1988), "Arms from France" Archived 14 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine, Iraq: a Country Study, Library of Congress[verification needed]
- ^ Timmerman, Kenneth R. "Chapter 7: Operation Staunch". Fanning the Flames: Guns, Greed & Geopolitics in the Gulf War. Archived from the original on 13 March 2013. Retrieved 17 September 2015 – via Iran Brief. Syndicated by New York Times Syndication Sales, 1987, published in book form as "Öl ins Feuer Internationale Waffengeschäfte im Golfkrieg" Orell Füssli Verlag Zürich and Wiesbaden 1988 ISBN 3-280-01840-4
- ^ Anthony, John Duke; Ochsenwald, William L.; Crystal, Jill Ann. "Kuwait". Encyclopædia Britannica. Archived from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 7 November 2012.
- ^ a b Vatanka, Alex (22 March 2012). "The Odd Couple". The Majalla. Saudi Research and Publishing Company. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 7 November 2012.
- ^ Metz, Helen Chapin, ed. (1988), "The Soviet Union" Archived 8 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Iraq: a Country Study, Library of Congress Country Studies
- ^ Metz, Helen Chapin, ed. (1988), "Arms from The Soviet Union" Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Iraq: a Country Study, Library of Congress
- ^ Halliday, Fred (20 September 1987). "The USSR and the Gulf War". Middle East Research and Information Project. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
Moscow has not endorsed the war aims of either side, but it has tended to favor whichever combatant is in its view more conciliatory. Thus up to 1982 it tilted to Iran, and since then Soviet policy has favored Iraq.
- ^ Stothard, Michael (30 December 2011). "UK secretly supplied Saddam". Financial Times.
- ^ "US and British Support for Hussein Regime". Archived from the original on 24 June 2019. Retrieved 16 May 2019.
- ^ "U.S. Links to Saddam During Iran–Iraq War". NPR. 22 September 2005.
- ^ Friedman, Alan. Spider's Web: The Secret History of How the White House Illegally Armed Iraq, Bantam Books, 1993.[page needed]
- ^ Timmerman, Kenneth R. (1991). The Death Lobby: How the West Armed Iraq. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 0-395-59305-0.
- ^ "Statement by former NSC official Howard Teicher to the U.S. District Court, Southern District of Florida" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-05-26. Retrieved 16 July 2017. Plain text version
- ^ "Iraqi Scientist Reports on German, Other Help for Iraq Chemical Weapons Program". Archived from the original on 13 May 2019. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
- ^ "Yugoslavia Arms Sales". Environmental News and Information. Archived from the original on 2013-08-07. Retrieved 7 November 2012.
- ^ Cordesman, Anthony H. (2006). Iraqi Security Forces: A Strategy for Success. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. xviii. ISBN 978-0275989088.
Hundreds of thousands of Arab Shi'ites were driven out of [Iraq], and many formed an armed opposition with Iranian support. While most of the remaining Arab Shi'ites remained loyal, their secular and religious leaders were kept under constant surveillance and sometimes imprisoned and killed.
- ^ Mearsheimer, John J.; Walt, Stephen M. (12 November 2002). "Can Saddam Be Contained? History Says Yes". International Security. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Archived from the original on 18 January 2008.
- ^ a b Pollack, p. 186.
- ^ a b c d Razoux, Pierre (2015). The Iran-Iraq War. Harvard University Press, 2015. p. 515,540. ISBN 0674915712.
- ^ Farrokh, Kaveh, 305 (2011)
- ^ Pollack, p. 187.
- ^ Farrokh, Kaveh, 304 (2011)
- ^ "The state of the air combat readiness of Iran ... • corporal_historian_23". Archived from the original on 2 October 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2018.
- ^ Pollack, p. 232.
- ^ Cordesman, Anthony H. "The Lessons of Modern War: The Iran–Iraq War." Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1990. Chapter 10: "In fact, Iraq had captured so much equipment that it was able to put on an incredible show on the outskirts of Baghdad. Rather than include all of Iraq's gains, it included the equipment that could either be used immediately or be easily reconditioned. Iraqi sources claimed that since March, Iraq had captured a total of 1,298 tanks, 155 armored infantry fighting vehicles, 512 heavy artillery weapons, 6,196 mortars, 5,550 recoilless rifles and light guns, 8,050 rocket propelled grenades, 60,694 rifles, 322 pistols, 6,156 telecommunications devices, 501 items of heavy engineering equipment, 454 trucks, 1,600 light vehicles and trailers, 16,863 items of chemical defense gear, and 16,863 caskets... After its recent defeats, Iran was virtually defenseless in the south. It was down to less than 200 tanks."
- ^ a b c d Razoux, Pierre (2015). The Iran-Iraq War. Harvard University Press, 2015. p. 543-544. ISBN 0674915712.
- ^ Pollack, p. 3.
- ^ a b c d Hiro, Dilip (1991). The Longest War: The Iran–Iraq Military Conflict. New York: Routledge. p. 205. ISBN 978-0-415-90406-3. OCLC 22347651.
- ^ a b c Rajaee, Farhang (1997). Iranian Perspectives on the Iran–Iraq War. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-8130-1476-0. OCLC 492125659.
- ^ a b c Mikaberidze, Alexander (2011). Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p. 418. ISBN 978-1-59884-336-1. OCLC 775759780.
- ^ Hammond Atlas of the 20th Century (1999), pp. 134–135.
- ^ Dunnigan, A Quick and Dirty Guide to War (1991)
- ^ Dictionary of Twentieth Century World History, by Jan Palmowski (Oxford, 1997)
- ^ Clodfelter, Micheal, Warfare and Armed Conflict: A Statistical Reference to Casualty and Other Figures, 1618–1991
- ^ Chirot, Daniel: Modern Tyrants : the power and prevalence of evil in our age (1994)
- ^ "B&J": Jacob Bercovitch and Richard Jackson, International Conflict : A Chronological Encyclopedia of Conflicts and Their Management 1945–1995 (1997), p. 195.
- ^ a b Abrahamian, Ervand (2008). A History of Modern Iran. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 171–175, 212. ISBN 978-0511984402. OCLC 171111098.
- ^ a b c Potter, Lawrence G.; Sick, Gary (2006). Iran, Iraq and the Legacies of War. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-4039-7609-3. OCLC 70230312.
- ^ a b Zargar, Moosa; Araghizadeh, Hassan; Soroush, Mohammad Reza; Khaji, Ali (December 2012). "Iranian casualties during the eight years of Iraq-Iran conflict". Revista de Saúde Pública. 41 (6). São Paulo: Faculdade de Higiene e Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo: 1065–1066. doi:10.1590/S0034-89102007000600025. ISSN 0034-8910. OCLC 4645489824. PMID 18066475.
- ^ a b c Hiro, Dilip (1991). The Longest War: The Iran–Iraq Military Conflict. New York: Routledge. p. 251. ISBN 978-0-415-90406-3. OCLC 22347651.
- ^ Rumel, Rudolph. "Centi-Kilo Murdering States: Estimates, Sources, and Calculations". Power Kills. University of Hawai'i. Archived from the original on 11 October 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
- ^ a b c Karsh, Efraim (2002). The Iran–Iraq War, 1980–1988. Oxford, England: Osprey Publishing. p. 89. ISBN 978-1-84176-371-2. OCLC 48783766.
- ^ Koch, Christian; Long, David E. (1997). Gulf Security in the Twenty-First Century. Abu Dhabi: Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research. p. 29. ISBN 978-1-86064-316-3. OCLC 39035954.
- ^ Black, Ian (23 September 2010). "Iran and Iraq remember war that cost more than a million lives". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2 January 2017. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
- ^ Rumel, Rudolph. "Lesser Murdering States, Quasi-States, and Groups: Estimates, Sources, and Calculations". Power Kills. University of Hawai'i. Archived from the original on 4 October 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2012.
- ^ Sinan, Omar (25 June 2007). "Iraq to hang 'Chemical Ali'". Tampa Bay Times. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
