Rank Name Date of birth Date of death Country Occupation 10000 Core 1000
1 Muhammad 570 June 8, 632  Saudi Arabia Theologian Yes Yes Yes
2 Isaac Newton January 4, 1643 March 31, 1727  United Kingdom Scientist Yes Yes Yes
3 Jesus 7 BC 26  Israel Theologian Yes Yes Yes
4 Gautama Buddha 563 BC 483 BC  India Theologian Yes Yes Yes
5 Confucius September 28, 551 BC 479 BC  China Philosopher Yes Yes Yes
6 Paul the Apostle 1 64  Turkey Theologian Yes Yes Yes
7 Cai Lun 50 121  China Inventor Yes Yes No
8 Johannes Gutenberg 1400 February 3, 1468  Germany Inventor Yes Yes Maybe
9 Christopher Columbus August 1451 May 20, 1506  Italy Explorer Yes Yes Yes
10 Albert Einstein March 14, 1879 April 18, 1955  Germany Scientist Yes Yes Yes
11 Louis Pasteur December 27, 1822 September 28, 1895  France Scientist Yes Yes No
12 Galileo Galilei February 15, 1564 January 8, 1642  Italy Scientist Yes Yes Yes
13 Aristotle 384 BC 322 BC  Greece Philosopher Yes Yes Yes
14 Euclid 300 BC 250 BC  Egypt Mathematician Yes Yes Yes
15 Moses 1391 BC 1300 BC  Israel Theologian Yes No Yes
16 Charles Darwin February 12, 1809 April 19, 1882  United Kingdom Scientist Yes Yes Yes
17 Qin Shi Huang 259 BC September 10, 210 BC  China Politician Yes Yes Yes
18 Augustus January 16, 63 BC August 19, 14  Rome Politician Yes Yes Yes
19 Nicolaus Copernicus February 19, 1473 May 24, 1543  Poland Scientist Yes Yes Yes
20 Antoine Lavoisier August 26, 1743 May 8, 1794  France Scientist Yes Yes Yes
21 Constantine the Great February 27, 272 May 22, 337  Rome Politician Yes Yes No
22 James Watt January 19, 1736 August 19, 1819  United Kingdom Inventor Yes Yes No
23 Michael Faraday September 22, 1791 August 25, 1867  United Kingdom Scientist Yes Yes Yes
24 James Clerk Maxwell June 13, 1831 November 5, 1879  United Kingdom Scientist Yes Yes No
25 Martin Luther November 10, 1483 February 18, 1546  Germany Theologian Yes Yes Yes
26 George Washington February 22, 1732 December 14, 1799  United States Politician Yes Yes Yes
27 Karl Marx May 5, 1818 March 14, 1883  Germany Philosopher Yes Yes Yes
28 Wright brothers August 19, 1871 May 30, 1912  United States Inventor Yes Yes No
29 Genghis Khan 1162 1227  Mongolia Politician Yes Yes Yes
30 Adam Smith June 5, 1723 July 17, 1790  United Kingdom Philosopher Yes Yes Yes
31 William Shakespeare April 26, 1564 April 23, 1616  United Kingdom Writer Yes Yes Yes
32 John Dalton September 6, 1766 July 27, 1844  United Kingdom Scientist Yes No Yes
33 Alexander the Great July 20, 356 BC June 10, 323 BC  Greece Politician Yes Yes Yes
34 Napoleon August 15, 1769 May 5, 1821  France Politician Yes Yes Yes
35 Thomas Edison February 11, 1847 October 18, 1931  United States Inventor Yes Yes Yes
36 Antonie van Leeuwenhoek October 24, 1632 August 26, 1723  Netherlands Scientist Maybe No Yes
37 William T. G. Morton August 9, 1819 July 15, 1868  United States Scientist No No No
38 Guglielmo Marconi April 25, 1874 July 20, 1937  Italy Scientist Yes Yes No
39 Adolf Hitler April 20, 1889 April 30, 1945  Germany Politician Yes Yes Yes
40 Plato 424 BC 348 BC  Greece Philosopher Yes Yes Yes
41 Oliver Cromwell April 25, 1599 September 3, 1658  United Kingdom Politician Yes No No
42 Alexander Graham Bell March 3, 1847 August 2, 1922  United Kingdom Inventor Yes Yes No
43 Alexander Fleming August 6, 1881 March 11, 1955  United Kingdom Scientist Yes No No
44 John Locke August 29, 1632 October 28, 1704  United Kingdom Philosopher Yes Yes Yes
45 Ludwig van Beethoven December 16, 1770 March 26, 1827  Austria Musician Yes Yes Yes
46 Werner Heisenberg December 5, 1901 February 1, 1976  Germany Scientist Yes No Yes
47 Louis Daguerre November 18, 1787 July 10, 1851  France Inventor Yes Yes No
48 Simón Bolívar July 24, 1783 December 17, 1830  Venezuela Politician Yes Yes Yes
49 René Descartes March 31, 1596 February 11, 1650  France Philosopher Yes Yes Yes
50 Michelangelo March 6, 1475 February 18, 1564  Italy Artist Yes Yes Yes
51 Pope Urban II 1042 July 29, 1099  France Politician No No No
52 Umar 579 November 6, 644  Saudi Arabia Politician Yes No No
53 Ashoka 304 BC 232 BC  India Politician Yes No No
54 Augustine of Hippo November 13, 354 August 28, 430  Algeria Theologian Yes Yes No
55 William Harvey April 1, 1578 June 3, 1655  United Kingdom Scientist No No No
56 Ernest Rutherford August 30, 1871 October 19, 1937  United Kingdom Scientist Yes Yes No
57 John Calvin July 10, 1509 May 27, 1564  Switzerland Theologian Yes Yes No
58 Gregor Mendel July 20, 1822 January 6, 1884  Austria Scientist Yes Yes No
59 Max Planck April 23, 1858 October 4, 1947  Germany Scientist Yes Yes No
60 Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister April 5, 1827 February 10, 1912  United Kingdom Scientist Yes Yes No
61 Nikolaus Otto June 10, 1832 January 26, 1891  Germany Inventor No No No
62 Francisco Pizarro 1471 June 26, 1541  Spain General Yes No No
63 Hernán Cortés 1485 December 2, 1547  Spain General Yes Yes No
64 Thomas Jefferson April 13, 1743 July 4, 1826  United States Politician Yes Yes No
65 Isabella I of Castile April 22, 1451 November 26, 1504  Spain Politician Yes No No
66 Joseph Stalin December 18, 1878 March 5, 1953  Soviet Union Politician Yes Yes Yes
67 Julius Caesar July 12, 100 BC March 15, 44 BC  Rome Politician Yes Yes Yes
68 William the Conqueror 1027 September 9, 1087  United Kingdom Politician Yes Yes No
69 Sigmund Freud May 6, 1856 September 23, 1939  Austria Scientist Yes Yes Yes
70 Edward Jenner May 17, 1749 January 26, 1823  United Kingdom Scientist Yes No No
71 Wilhelm Röntgen March 27, 1845 February 10, 1923  Germany Scientist Yes No No
72 Johann Sebastian Bach March 21, 1685 July 28, 1750  Germany Musician Yes Yes Yes
73 Laozi 400 BC 350 BC  China Philosopher Yes Yes Yes
74 Voltaire November 21, 1694 May 30, 1778  France Writer Yes Yes No
75 Johannes Kepler December 27, 1571 November 15, 1630  Germany Scientist Yes Yes No
76 Enrico Fermi September 29, 1901 November 28, 1954  Italy Scientist Yes No No
77 Leonhard Euler April 15, 1707 September 18, 1783  Switzerland Mathematician Yes Yes Yes
78 Jean-Jacques Rousseau June 28, 1712 July 2, 1778  Switzerland Philosopher Yes Yes No
79 Niccolò Machiavelli May 3, 1469 June 21, 1527  Italy Philosopher Yes Yes No
80 Thomas Robert Malthus February 13, 1766 December 23, 1834  United Kingdom Social scientist Yes Yes No
81 John F. Kennedy May 29, 1917 November 22, 1963  United States Politician Yes No No
82 Gregory Pincus April 9, 1903 August 22, 1967  United States Scientist No No No
83 Mani 216 274  Iran Theologian No No No
84 Vladimir Lenin April 10, 1870 January 21, 1924  Soviet Union Politician Yes Yes Yes
85 Emperor Wen of Sui July 21, 259 August 13, 604  China Politician Yes No No
86 Vasco da Gama 1460 December 23, 1524  Portugal Explorer Yes No Yes
87 Cyrus the Great 590 BC 529 BC  Iran Politician Yes Yes Yes
88 Peter the Great May 30, 1672 February 8, 1725  Russia Politician Yes Yes No
89 Mao Zedong December 26, 1893 September 9, 1976  China Politician Yes Yes Yes
90 Francis Bacon January 22, 1561 April 9, 1626  United Kingdom Philosopher Yes Yes No
91 Henry Ford July 30, 1863 April 7, 1947  United States Businessman Yes Yes No
92 Mencius 372 BC 289 BC  China Philosopher Yes No No
93 Zoroaster 1000 BC 950 BC  Uzbekistan Theologian Yes Yes Yes
94 Elizabeth I of England September 7, 1533 March 24, 1603  United Kingdom Politician Yes Yes Yes
95 Mikhail Gorbachev March 2, 1931  Russia Politician Yes Yes No
96 Narmer (Menes) 3100 BC 3050 BC  Egypt Politician Yes No No
97 Charlemagne April 2, 742 January 28, 814  Holy Roman Empire Politician Yes Yes Yes
98 Homer 800 BC 750 BC  Greece Writer Yes Yes No
99 Justinian I 482 November 14, 565  Byzantine Empire Politician Yes No No
100 Mahavira 599 BC 527 BC  India Theologian Maybe No No
101 Thomas Aquinas January 28, 1225 March 7, 1274  Italy Philosopher Yes Yes Yes
101 Archimedes 287 BC 212 BC  Greece Mathematician Yes Yes Yes
101 Charles Babbage December 26, 1791 October 18, 1871  United Kingdom Mathematician Yes Yes No
101 Marie Curie November 7, 1867 July 4, 1934  Poland Scientist Yes Yes Yes
101 Benjamin Franklin January 17, 1706 April 17, 1790  United States Politician Yes Yes Yes
101 Mohandas Gandhi October 2, 1869 January 30, 1948  India Politician Yes Yes Yes
101 Khufu 3000 BC 2566 BC  Egypt Politician Yes No No
101 Leonardo da Vinci April 15, 1452 May 2, 1519  Italy Artist Yes Yes Yes
101 Abraham Lincoln February 12, 1809 April 15, 1865  United States Politician Yes Yes Yes
101 Ferdinand Magellan 1480 April 27, 1521  Portugal Explorer Yes Yes Yes

Core bios

edit
Name Date of birth Date of death Age Country of birth Country of death Occupation I
Aeschylus 525 BC 456 BC 68–69   Greece   Italy Writer  Y
Akbar October 24, 1542 October 12, 1605 62   Pakistan   India Politician  Y
Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī 780 850 69–70   Uzbekistan   Iraq Scientist  Y
Muhammad Ali January 17, 1942 82   United States Sportsperson  Y
Dante Alighieri May 14, 1265 September 13, 1321 56   Italy   Italy Writer


Attila 406 453 46–47   Hungary   Hungary Politician
W. H. Auden February 21, 1907 September 29, 1973 66   United Kingdom   Austria Writer
Jane Austen December 16, 1775 July 18, 1817 41   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Writer
Mikhail Baryshnikov January 28, 1948 76   Russia Artist  Y
The Beatles February 25, 1943 December 8, 1980 37   United Kingdom   United States Artist


Otto von Bismarck April 1, 1815 July 30, 1898 83   Germany   Germany Politician
Jorge Luis Borges August 24, 1899 June 14, 1986 86   Argentina   Switzerland Writer
Edmund Burke January 12, 1729 July 9, 1797 68   Ireland   United Kingdom Philosopher
Lord Byron January 22, 1788 April 19, 1824 36   United Kingdom   Greece Writer


Catherine the Great April 21, 1729 November 17, 1796 67   Poland   Russia Politician
Miguel de Cervantes September 29, 1547 April 23, 1616 68   Spain   Spain Writer
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor February 24, 1500 September 21, 1558 58   Belgium   Spain Politician
Charlie Chaplin April 16, 1889 December 25, 1977 88   United Kingdom   Switzerland Artist
Winston Churchill November 30, 1874 January 24, 1965 90   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Politician
Cleopatra VII January 69 BC August 12, 30 BC 38–39   Egypt   Egypt Politician
Columba December 7, 521 June 9, 597 75   Ireland   United Kingdom Theologian



Charles Dickens February 7, 1812 June 9, 1870 58   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Writer
Walt Disney December 5, 1901 December 15, 1966 65   United States   United States Artist
Fyodor Dostoyevsky November 11, 1821 February 9, 1881 59   Russia   Russia Writer
Frederick Douglass February 1818 February 20, 1895 76–77   United States   United States Politician


T. S. Eliot September 26, 1888 January 4, 1965 76   United States   United Kingdom Writer


Pierre de Fermat August 17, 1601 January 12, 1665 63   France   France Scientist
Francis of Assisi September 26, 1181 October 3, 1226 45   Italy   Italy Theologian
Frederick the Great January 24, 1712 August 17, 1786 74   Germany   Germany Politician
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor December 26, 1194 December 13, 1250 55   Italy   Italy Politician


Carl Friedrich Gauss April 30, 1777 February 23, 1855 77   Germany   Germany Scientist
Edward Gibbon April 27, 1737 January 16, 1794 56   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Politician
Giotto 1267 January 8, 1337 69–70   Italy   Italy Artist
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe August 28, 1749 March 22, 1832 82   Germany   Germany Writer
Vincent van Gogh March 30, 1853 July 29, 1890 37   Netherlands   France Artist
Brothers Grimm February 24, 1786 December 16, 1859 73   Germany   Germany Writer
Che Guevara May 14, 1928 October 9, 1967 39   Argentina   Bolivia Politician
Hammurabi 1810 BC 1750 BC 59–60   Iraq   Iraq Politician  Y
Hannibal 247 BC 183 BC 63–64   Tunisia   Turkey Politician
Stephen Hawking January 8, 1942 82   United Kingdom Scientist  Y
Ernest Hemingway July 21, 1899 July 2, 1961 61   United States   United States Writer
Henry II of England March 25, 1133 July 6, 1189 56   France   France Politician
Henry VIII of England June 28, 1491 January 28, 1547 55   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Politician
Heraclius 575 February 11, 641 65–66   Turkey   Turkey Politician
Herodotus 484 BC 425 BC 58–59   Turkey   Italy Writer
Hippocrates 460 BC 370 BC 89–90   Greece   Greece Scientist
Alfred Hitchcock August 13, 1899 April 29, 1980 80   United Kingdom   United States Artist
Ho Chi Minh May 19, 1890 September 2, 1969 79   Vietnam   Vietnam Politician
Thomas Hobbes April 5, 1588 December 4, 1679 91   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Philosopher
Victor Hugo February 26, 1802 May 22, 1885 83   France   France Writer
David Hume April 26, 1711 August 25, 1776 65   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Philosopher
Henrik Ibsen March 20, 1828 May 23, 1906 78   Norway   Norway Writer
Ivan the Terrible August 25, 1530 March 18, 1584 53   Russia   Russia Politician
James Joyce February 2, 1882 January 13, 1941 58   Ireland   Switzerland Writer


Joan of Arc 1412 May 30, 1431 18–19   France   France Theologian
Michael Jordan February 17, 1963 61   United States Sportsperson
Franz Kafka July 3, 1883 June 3, 1924 40   Austria   Austria Writer
Immanuel Kant April 22, 1724 February 12, 1804 79   Germany   Germany Philosopher
John Maynard Keynes June 5, 1883 April 21, 1946 62   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Scientist
Søren Kierkegaard May 5, 1813 November 11, 1855 42   Denmark   Denmark Philosopher
Martin Luther King, Jr. January 15, 1929 April 4, 1968 39   United States   United States Theologian
Akira Kurosawa March 23, 1910 September 6, 1998 88   Japan   Japan Artist
Bruce Lee November 27, 1940 July 20, 1973 32   United States   China Artist  Y
Gottfried Leibniz July 1, 1646 November 14, 1716 70   Germany   Germany Philosopher


Carl Linnaeus May 13, 1707 January 10, 1778 70   Sweden   Sweden Scientist


Louis XIV of France September 5, 1638 September 1, 1715 76   France   France Politician
Nelson Mandela June 18, 1918 106   South Africa Politician


John Milton December 9, 1608 November 8, 1674 65   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Artist
Claude Monet November 14, 1840 December 5, 1926 86   France   France Artist
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart January 27, 1756 December 5, 1791 35   Austria   Czech Republic Artist
Benito Mussolini July 29, 1883 April 28, 1945 61   Italy   Italy Politician
Friedrich Nietzsche October 15, 1844 August 25, 1900 55   Germany   Germany Philosopher
J. Robert Oppenheimer April 22, 1904 February 18, 1967 62   United States   United States Scientist
Jesse Owens September 12, 1913 March 31, 1980 66   United States   United States Sportsperson
Blaise Pascal June 19, 1623 August 19, 1662 39   France   France Scientist
Linus Pauling February 28, 1901 August 19, 1994 93   United States   United States Scientist
Pelé October 23, 1940 84   Brazil Sportsperson
Philip II of Spain May 21, 1527 September 13, 1598 71   Spain   Spain Politician
Pablo Picasso October 25, 1881 April 8, 1973 91   Spain   France Artist


Edgar Allan Poe January 19, 1809 October 7, 1849 40   United States   United States Writer
Marco Polo September 15, 1254 January 9, 1324 69   Italy   Italy Politician
Ezra Pound October 30, 1885 November 1, 1972 87   United States   Italy Writer
Elvis Presley January 8, 1935 August 16, 1977 42   United States   United States Artist
Marcel Proust July 10, 1871 November 18, 1922 51   France   France Writer
Ptolemy 83 161 77–78   Egypt   Egypt Scientist
Pythagoras 580 BC 500 BC 79–80   Greece   Italy Scientist
Raphael April 6, 1483 April 6, 1520 37   Italy   Italy Artist
Rembrandt July 15, 1606 October 4, 1669 63   Netherlands   Netherlands Artist
Jackie Robinson January 31, 1919 October 24, 1972 53   United States   United States Sportsperson
Auguste Rodin November 12, 1840 November 17, 1917 77   France   France Artist
Franklin D. Roosevelt January 30, 1882 April 12, 1945 63   United States   United States Politician
Babe Ruth February 6, 1895 August 16, 1948 53   United States   United States Sportsperson
Saladin 1137 March 4, 1193 55–56   Iraq   Syria Politician
Margaret Sanger September 14, 1879 September 6, 1966 86   United States   United States Politician
Walter Scott August 15, 1771 September 21, 1832 61   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Writer
Shaka 1787 September 22, 1828 40–41   South Africa   South Africa Politician
Socrates 469 BC 399 BC 69–70   Greece   Greece Philosopher
Suleiman the Magnificent November 6, 1494 September 5, 1566 71   Turkey   Hungary Politician
Sun Tzu 544 BC 496 BC 47–48   China   China Writer
Emperor Taizong of Tang January 23, 599 July 10, 649 50   China   China Politician
Mother Teresa August 26, 1910 September 5, 1997 87   North Macedonia   India Theologian
Nikola Tesla July 10, 1856 January 7, 1943 86   Croatia   United States Scientist
Henry David Thoreau July 12, 1817 May 6, 1862 44   United States   United States Writer
Thucydides 460 BC 395 BC 64–65   Greece   Greece Writer
Timur 1336 February 19, 1405 68–69   Uzbekistan   Kazakhstan Politician
Leo Tolstoy August 28, 1828 November 20, 1910 82   Russia   Russia Writer
Mark Twain November 30, 1835 April 21, 1910 74   United States   United States Writer
Giuseppe Verdi October 9, 1813 January 27, 1901 87   Italy   Italy Artist
Virgil October 15, 70 BC September 21, 19 BC 50   Italy   Italy Writer
Andy Warhol August 6, 1928 February 22, 1987 58   United States   United States Artist
Max Weber April 21, 1864 June 14, 1920 56   Germany   Germany Writer
Walt Whitman May 31, 1819 March 26, 1892 72   United States   United States Writer
William Wordsworth April 7, 1770 April 23, 1850 80   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Writer
Mary Wollstonecraft April 27, 1759 September 10, 1797 38   United Kingdom   United Kingdom Writer
Frank Lloyd Wright June 8, 1867 April 9, 1959 91   United States   United States Artist
W. B. Yeats June 13, 1865 January 28, 1939 73   Ireland   France Writer
Zheng He 1371 1433 61–62   China   China Politician