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Queen of Hearts/Drafts/Louis R. Bruce Jr. | |
|---|---|
| Commissioner of Indian Affairs | |
| In office August 8, 1969 – January 20, 1973 | |
| President | Richard Nixon |
| Preceded by | Robert L. Bennett |
| Succeeded by | Morris Thompson |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Louis R. Bruce Jr.[a] 1905 or 1906[b] Onondaga Reservation, New York |
| Died | (aged 82 or 83)[b] Arlington, Virginia |
| Spouse |
Anna Jennings Wikoff
(m. 1930) |
| Children | 3 |
| Parent |
|
| Education | |
| Occupation |
|
Louis R. Bruce Jr.[a] (1905 or 1906[b] – May 21, 1989) was a politician and indigenous rights activist who served as commissioner of Indian Affairs from 1969 to 1973.
Early life
edit
Louis R. Bruce Jr.[a] was born in 1905 or 1906,[b] on the Onondaga Reservation, to Lou Bruce, a Mohawk former professional baseball player, and an Oglala mother. He graduated from Cazenovia Seminary in 1929, obtaining an athletic scholarship at Syracuse University. He graduated from Syracuse in 1930 with a business administration and psychology degree, marrying Anna Jennings Wikoff, whom he met at Cazenovia, the same year.[1][2]
Career
editPersonal life
editBruce had three children, Katherine Louise Huxtable, Donald Kenneth Bruce, and Charles Wikoff Bruce. He died of cancer and heart disease at the Crystal City Nursing Center in Arlington, Virginia, at the age of 82 or 83.[b][2]
Notes
edit- ^ a b c Some sources report Bruce's middle name as "Rook",[1] while others report it as "Rooks".[2]
- ^ a b c d e Although it is reported that Bruce was born December 30, 1906,[1] suggesting he died at the age of 82, The New York Times reports he was 83 when he died, suggesting he was born in either 1905 or 1906.[2]
References
edit- ^ a b c DeJong 2022, p. 328.
- ^ a b c d Cook, Joan (May 24, 1989). "Louis R. Bruce, Ex-Commissioner Of Indian Affairs, Is Dead at 83". The New York Times. p. D25. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
Works cited
edit- DeJong, David H. (2022). "Louis Rook Bruce: Commissioner of Indian Affairs (August 8, 1969–January 20, 1973)". Paternalism to Partnership: The Administration of Indian Affairs, 1786–2021. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 328–334. ISBN 9781496230768 – via JSTOR.