![]() | This is a user sandbox of Salehi.s. You can use it for testing or practicing edits. This is not the sandbox where you should draft your assigned article for a dashboard.wikiedu.org course. To find the right sandbox for your assignment, visit your Dashboard course page and follow the Sandbox Draft link for your assigned article in the My Articles section. |
A neutral stimulus is a stimulus which initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention. In classical conditioning, when used together with an unconditioned stimulus, the neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus. With repeated presentations of both the neutral stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus, the neutral stimulus will elicit a response as well, known as a conditioned response. Once the neutral stimulus elicits a conditioned response, the neutral stimulus becomes known as a conditioned stimulus. The conditioned response is the same as the unconditioned response, but occurs in the presence of the conditioned stimulus rather than the unconditioned stimulus[1].
Ivan Pavlov's Research in Digestion
editIvan Pavlov conducted multiple experiments investigating digestion in dogs in which neutral, unconditioned, and conditioned stimuli were used. In these experiments, the neutral stimulus was the sound of a bell ringing. This sound was presented to the dogs along with food, which acted as an unconditioned stimulus. The presentation of a neutral stimulus does not result in any particular response, but the presentation of an unconditioned stimulus results in an unconditioned response, which was the dogs salivating in Pavlov's experiments. After conditioning, the bell ringing became a conditioned stimulus[2]. Pavlov later used the sound of a metronome as a neutral stimulus in studies on cerebral cortex activity[3].
See Also
edit
Category:Experimental psychology
Category:Behavioral concepts
Category:History of psychology
Category:Behaviorism
Category:Learning
References
edit- ^ "Pavlovian (Classical) Conditioning". Indiana University.
- ^ Pavlov, Ivan (1902). The Work of the Digestive Glands. London: Charles Griffin & Company, Limited.
- ^ Pavlov, Ivan (1927). "Conditioned Reflexes: An Investigation of the Physiological Activity of the Cerebral Cortex". Classics in the History of Psychology.