Eeb017

Hello, Eeb017, and welcome to Wikipedia! My name is Yunshui, and I am your Online Ambassador for Bucknell's History of Ecology course. My job here is to help you to work within Wikipedia's policies and guidelines, to answer any questions that you have about editing here, and to act as your advocate in the (unlikely) event that you find yourself in a dispute with another user.

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Please remember to sign your messages on talk pages by typing four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically insert your username and the date. Once again, if you need help with any aspect of Wikipedia, please just ask; it's what I'm here for. Enjoy your course! Yunshui 雲‍水 08:38, 30 January 2014 (UTC)

Reminders for class on Tuesday, 2/4

Hi Emily! A quick note to check in and share some reminders. How have the Wiki readings been going? Do you have any questions about them? We will be evaluating Alexander von Humbold'ts Wikipedia page on Tuesday in discussion, so be sure to review the Evaluating Wikipedia article quality brochure. Also, remember that you have two other things due Tuesday: creating a User Page (see mine for an example) and introducing yourself to an online ambassador or another student through their Talk Page. Let me know if you have any questions! --Enstandrew (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 18:58, 31 January 2014 (UTC)

Potential Sources for a Page on Arctic Ecology http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/016953479490152X This article would be a potential resource for a page on artic ecology. The article discusses the effects that climate change is having on artic tundra as a result of increased CO2 emissions due to human impact such as fossil fuels and greenhouse gases. The article also provides predictions of longterm effects on the ecosystems in the artic and eventually around the world. This would offer information for a section on 'long term effects of climate change' to accompany current information on artic ecology. http://www.jstor.org/sici?sici=00129658%281995%293%3C694%3AROATTE%3E2.0.CO%3B2-x This article is also a potential resource for a page on artic ecology, and is a report on an experiment done involving the effects of climate change. The researchers manipulated light, temperature and nutrients in the tussock tundra to mimic the effects of climate change and see the natural effects that such changes have on ecosystems. This resource would be reliable because as a report on an experiment the information is objective and unbiased. http://www.ecology.ethz.ch/education/Resilience_Stuff/Berkes_and_Jolly_2001.pdf This article discusses the impacts of human interaction with ecology and the resulting effects that it has on surrounding ecosystems. The article would be a reliable source for a page on arctic ecology as it provides information from a case study on the Inuvialuit people of Canada.

Emily Burlingham February 25, 2014 History of Ecology References 1. Berkes, Fikret and Dyanna Jolly. “Adapating to Climate Change: Social- Ecological Resilience in a Canadian Western Arctic Community.” Conservation Ecology 5 (2001). Accessed on February 23, 2014. 2.Bocking, Stephen. “Science and Spaces in the Northern Environment.” Environmental History 12 (2007): 867-94. Accessed on February 23, 2014. 3.Chapin, F Stuart III, Gaius Shaver, Anne Giblin, Knute Nadelhoffer and James Laundre. “Responses of Arctic Tundra to Experimental and Observed Changes in Climate.” Ecology 76 (1995): 694-711. Accessed on February 23, 2014. 4. Dalby, S. “Geopolitical Identities: Arctic Ecology and Global Consumption.” Geopolitics 8 (2003): 181-202. Accessed on February 24, 2014. Doi: 10.1080/714001009. 5. Giblin, A.E, K. J Nadelhoffer, G.R Shaver, J.A Laundre and A.J McKerrow. “Biogeochemical Diversity Along a Riverside Toposequence in Arctic Alaska.” Ecological Monographs 61 (1991): 415-435. Accessed on February 24, 2014. Doi: 10.2307/2937049. 6. Oechel, Walter and George Vourlitis. “The Effects of Climate Charge on Land—Atmosphere Feedbacks in Arctic Tundra Regions.” Trends in Ecology & Evolution 9 (1994): 324-329. Accessed on February 23, 2014. Doi: 10.1016/0169-5347(94)90152-X. 7. Shaver, Gaius and W.D Billings. “Global Change and the Carbon Balance of Arctic Ecosystems.” BioScience 42 (1992): 433-441. Accessed on February 23, 2014. Doi: 10.2307/1311862. 8. Walther, Gian-Reto, Eric Post, Peter Convey, Annette Menzel, and Camille Parmesan. “Ecological Reponses to Recent Climate Change.” Nature 416 (2002): 389-395. Accessed on February 24, 2014. Doi: 10.1038/416389a.

Outline for Arctic Ecology Lead Section

Arctic Ecology Wikipedia Outline

Arctic ecology is the scientific study of the relationships between biotic and abiotic factors in the arctic, the region north of the Arctic Circle (66 33’). This is a region characterized by stressful conditions as a result of extreme cold, low precipitation, a limited growing season (50–90 days) and virtually no sunlight throughout the winter. The Arctic consists of taiga (or boreal forest) and tundra biomes, which also dominate very high elevations, even in the tropics. Sensitive ecosystems exist throughout the Arctic region, which are being impacted dramatically by global warming. The Arctic region features a vast range of organisms, each of which have their own specific roles in the environment. Vegetation in the Arctic consists of many species such as various sedges and cottongrasses. Common animals found here include the moose, reindeer, various marmots, wolves, and others. Organisms are divided among various subregions within the Arctic based on differing biotic and abiotic factors. Throughout history, indigenous people have thrived in the Arctic despite its harsh conditions, and their lifestyles are based on a combination of economic and cultural values. Subsistence hunting is a prevalent aspect of the society http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0057128/faq#.2.1.2 of the indigenous Arctic people and it is done not only out of necessity but also for cultural reasons. Recently, Arctic Canada has been the target of animals rights campaigns to ban sealing, which would interfere with its indigenous peoples’ way of life. Along with subsistence hunting, industrial uses of the region’s resources, such as fishing and mining, are also pursued extensively by the region’s inhabitants. The region’s people depend substantially on the environment and resources of the Arctic, so climate change is especially concerning regarding their sustainability. Because of their dependence on the land and its resources, indigenous peoples have played a large role in helping to establish environmental policies to better preserve the Arctic. As the Northern ecosystems, including the arctic, boreal forest and northern bogs contain 25% of the world’s carbon pools, a positive feedback loop occurring in the Arctic is largely involved in climate change. As the permafrost melts due to warming global temperatures, the carbon stored within the permafrost is released and further induces climatic changes. Also, higher temperatures increase soil decomposition and if soil decomposition becomes higher than net primary production, global atmospheric carbon dioxide will in turn increase. Atmospheric sinks in the water table are also being reduced as the permafrost melts and decreases the height of the water table in the Arctic. Because of the Arctic’s distinct and fragile conditions, research has been frequently conducted there by teams of scientists. A noteworthy Arctic scientific expedition was the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-1916 led by Vilhjalmur Stefansson. Arctic research has been frequently aided by local knowledge from the Arctic indigenous peoples. In 1946, The Arctic Research Laboratory was established under the contract of the Office of Naval Research in Point Barrow, Alaska for the purpose of investigating the physical and biological phenomena unique to the Arctic. In 1948, Dr. Laurence Irving was appointed as the Scientific Director of the Arctic Research Laboratory and put in charge of coordinating various projects. Scientists performed fieldwork to collect data that linked new observations to prior widely accepted knowledge. Through the processes of soil sampling, surveying and photographing landscapes and distributing salmon tags, scientists demonstrated the significance of historical case studies in the study of environmental science. The ability to compare past and present data allowed scientists to understand the causes and effects of ecological changes. In the 1950’s, ecologists such as Frank Banfield and John Kelsall were drawn to the Arctic to study the existence, causes and effects of cycles in animal populations. The 1960’s and 1970’s brought a decrease in the desire to protect the Arctic as it was seen to lack a significant amount of biodiversity. As a result, study and management of the Arctic was taken over by consulting firms hired and controlled by the government.

Reference section on 'Arctic ecology'

Hi, Eeb017!

I hope you're enjoying your time editing Wikipedia in your ecology class so far. I see you've added some information about sources to the Arctic ecology article. That doesn't quite fit in the article namespace (the main page of the article), as the article should be neutral and have no commentary or original research (like your summary of the sources). You could move the information to the talk page and indicate that you wanted to share some relevant resources for other editors. Do you need any help moving it over to the talk page? Jami (Wiki Ed) (talk) 19:56, 4 March 2014 (UTC)