MarcinZmudzki
The Protest Action (Akcja „Protest”)
edit[This is a draft of a new page, which I am preparing for publication on Wikipedia.]
The Protest Action was formed in the United States in 1983 (?) to carry out a petition campaign calling for the release of eleven Polish pro-democracy opposition leaders who were in jail in Soviet-occupied Poland at the time. The group's Polish language name was Grupa „Protest” and its campaign was named Akcja „Protest” in Polish. [Check: Did the campaign leaders call themselves Grupa „Protest”?]
The Solidarity Eleven
editThe petition campaign demanded the release of eleven imprisoned Polish pro-democracy opposition leaders. They were:
- Jacek Kuroń
- Adam Michnik
- Zbigniew Romaszewski
- Henryk Wujec
- Andrzej Gwiazda
- Seweryn Jaworski
- Marian Jurczyk
- Karol Modzelewski
- Grzegorz Palka
- Andrzej Rozpłochowski
- Jan Rulewski
The first four were members of the Committee for the Defense of Workers (KOR). The remaining seven were leaders of the Solidarity trade union. [Alternative wording: All eleven were involved in the Solidarity movement. The first four were also members of the Committee for the Defense of Workers (KOR), which was started in 1976.]
Broader Demands
editIn addition to demanding the release of the Solidarity Eleven, the Protest Group called for [...]
The Launch of the Campaign
editProtest Group appeals and communiques were signed by Ewa Sułkowska-Bierezin, Jarosław Świątek and Marcin Żmudzki, but the group also received support from many other individuals in Washington, D.C., and other American cities, including Witold Sułkowski and his wife Anna Sułkowska, Ambassador [whatwashisfirstname] Davies and Janusz Beer.
Protest Logo
editWojciech Wołyński, a Polish emigré, designed the distinctive Protest logo which was used on the petition signature form and communiques. Mr. Wołyński now teaches at the Massachusetts College of Art and Design.
The Spread of the Campaign through the Social Networks
editThe Protest Group's petition campaign spread to many states. The most active centers of support outside of the Washington metropolitan area included ____, ____ and ____. Petition sheets with multiple signatures were coming from individuals who ___. [Who were the people who sent in the largest batches of signed petitions? Did they write letters to us? If yes, what did they write?]
Petition Signatories
editBy the end of the campaign, about eleven thousand people had signed the petition. The great majority of the signatories were members of the Polish community, but signatories also included many prominent Americans...
- Lane Kirkland
- VIP signatory # 2
- VIP signatory # 3
- VIP signatory # 4
Letter to U.S. Congress
editThe leaders of the petition campaign, aided by Ambassador ___, appealed to U.S. Congress to put pressure on the Polish government to release the Solidarity Eleven.
Jan Nowak's Letter to President Reagan and the President's Reply
editMr. Jan Nowak (Jezioranski), a long-time advocate of the Polish cause in Washington, wrote a letter to President Ronald Reagan on behalf of the campaign. The President responded with a supportive letter (see a copy of that letter) [attach a scanned copy].
Media Impact
editThe petition campain was covered by Radio Free Europe and Voice of America. These two radio stations delivered the news about the petition to Poland. [One local radio or television station also covered the campaign.]
Solidarity Support Groups Abroad
editThe Protest Group was part of a network of organizations which provided support to the Polish Solidarity movement from abroad
External Links
edit- Ewa Sułkowska-Bierezin -- a biographical note about her on poles.org, based on an entry in "Who's Who in Polish America" 1st Edition 1996-1997, Boleslaw Wierzbianski editor; Bicentennial Publishing Corporation, New York, NY, 1996
- Wojciech Wołyński -- his profile on the website of the Massachusetts College of Art and Design
- Marcin Żmudzki -- his personal website with links to his pages on LinkedIn and Facedbook.
[End of draft page about the petition campaign.]
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-- Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus | talk 05:34, 5 May 2007 (UTC)
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