Wang Saphung (Thai: วังสะพุง; IPA: [wāŋ sā.pʰūŋ]) is a district (amphoe) in the central part of Loei province, northeastern Thailand. The district has been the site of a long-standing dispute between the villagers of Ban Na Nong Bong and its environs and Tungkum Limited, a subsidiary of Tongkah Harbour PCL. Tungkum extracts gold from an open pit mine in district and has been charged with environmental destruction by many of those living nearby.[1][2]
Wang Saphung
วังสะพุง | |
|---|---|
 District location in Loei province | |
| Coordinates: 17°18′6″N 101°46′6″E / 17.30167°N 101.76833°E | |
| Country | Thailand |
| Province | Loei |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,145.0 km2 (442.1 sq mi) |
| Population (2008) | |
• Total | 109,424 |
| • Density | 94.6/km2 (245/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (ICT) |
| Postal code | 42130 |
| Geocode | 4209 |
History
editKhwaeng Wang Saphung was a satellite city of Mueang Lom Sak. It was assigned to be under Mueang Loei on 4 January 1907.[3]
Geography
editNeighboring districts are (from the north clockwise): Mueang Loei district, Erawan, Pha Khao, Nong Hin, Phu Luang, and Phu Ruea of Loei Province.
The important water resource is the Loei River. The Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary is in the west of the district.
Administration
editThe district is divided into 10 sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 141 villages (mubans). Wang Saphung is a sub-district municipality (thesaban tambon) which covers parts of tambons Wang Saphung and Si Songkhram. There are a further 10 tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| No. | Name | Thai | Villages | Pop.[4] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Wang Saphung | วังสะพุง | 13 | 15,821 |
| 2. | Sai Khao | ทรายขาว | 20 | 13,877 |
| 3. | Nong Ya Plong | หนองหญ้าปล้อง | 20 | 16,006 |
| 4. | Nong Ngio | หนองงิ้ว | 9 | 5,067 |
| 5. | Pak Puan | ปากปวน | 11 | 7,784 |
| 6. | Pha Noi | ผาน้อย | 19 | 13,010 |
| 10. | Pha Bing | ผาบิ้ง | 6 | 4,564 |
| 11. | Khao Luang | เขาหลวง | 13 | 9,672 |
| 12. | Khok Khamin | โคกขมิ้น | 20 | 14,505 |
| 13. | Si Songkhram | ศรีสงคราม | 10 | 9,118 |
Missing numbers are tambons which now form Erawan district.
Economy
editWang Saphung is known to have the largest number of small scale lottery vendors in Thailand. Many of residents have their part-time jobs as lottery sellers, especially during times of economic trouble.[5]
Conflict with mining interests
editThe Khon Rak Ban Kerd Group (KRBKG) is a community-based group committed to defend the local environment from the negative impacts of the open-pit copper-gold mine operated by the Tungkum Company in the district. On 30 March 2016, the Loei Provincial Court dismissed a civil defamation lawsuit brought by six KRBKG members who live in communities near the open-pit copper-gold mine, for erecting signs in 2015 at the Na Nong Bong village entrance gate and along the main road in the village, calling for the closure of the controversial mine and rehabilitation of the local environment. Tungkum sought 50 million baht in compensation from the six KRBKG members for alleged damage to the company's reputation. Tungkum has brought at least 19 criminal and civil lawsuits against 33 members of the KRBKG and other villagers in the past seven years, including the case dismissed yesterday. Using lawsuits, the company has sought a total of 320 million baht from villagers who oppose the mine.[6] Following a three-year investigation, the NGO Fortify Rights found that the company and the Thai government had "...targeted environmental defenders...journalists, and others with costly lawsuits that infringe on basic rights."[7] Their findings are documented in a 90-page report issued in October 2018.[8][9]
References
edit- ^ "Mine operator in Isan threatens to sue high school student". Prachatai English. 2015-09-10. Retrieved 14 September 2015.
- ^ "Gold Mine Protesters Hurt by Armed Mob and Shady Deals". The Isaan Record. 2014-05-20. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
- ^ แจ้งความกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง ให้ยกอำเภอวังสะพุงมาขึ้นเมืองเลย (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 24 (3): 51. 1907-04-21. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 4, 2012.
- ^ "Population statistics 2008". Department of Provincial Administration.
- ^ "THAILAND NEWSLottery vendors threaten to rally in Bangkok". Samui Times. 2015-03-22.
- ^ "Thailand: Judicial harassment against members of the Khon Rak Ban Kerd Group for opposing gold mine". World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT). Geneva. 2016-03-31. Retrieved 2018-10-02.
- ^ Wannasiri, Sutharee; Smith, Amy (2 October 2018). "Score gold by protecting rights, not mine operations" (Opinion). Bangkok Post. Fortify Rights. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
- ^ 'We Fight to Protect our Home'; Reprisals Against Environmental Defenders in Loei Province, Thailand (PDF). Fortify Rights. October 2018. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
- ^ "Thailand: Protect Environmental Defenders, Ensure Remedies" (Press release). Fortify Rights. 2018-10-02. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
External links
edit- amphoe.com (Thai)
- Meet the grannies leading an anti-mining movement [Video]
- ประเทศไทย:คุ้มครองนักปกป้องสิ6งแวดล้อม ประกันให้เกิดการเยียวยา (Fortify Rights press release)