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Khulna Division

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The Khulna Division (Bengali: খুলনা বিভাগ, Khulna Bibhag) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of 22,285 km2 (8,604 sq mi) and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District.

Khulna Division
খুলনা বিভাগ
Jahanabad
Division of Bangladesh
Clockwise from the top:
Sixty Dome Mosque, Khulna Shipyard, Shilaidaha Kuthibadi, Sundarbans, KUET and Hiron Point within Sundarbans
Nickname: 
Gateway to the Sundarbans
Coordinates: 22°55′N 89°15′E / 22.917°N 89.250°E / 22.917; 89.250
Country Bangladesh
Established1960
Capital
and largest city		Khulna
Government
 • Divisional CommissionerMd. Hilal Mahmud Sharif[1][2]
 • Parliamentary constituencyJatiya Sangsad (36 seats)
Area
22,284.22 km2 (8,603.99 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[3]
17,415,924 (Enumerated)
 • Urban
[3]
4,312,418
 • Rural
[3]
13,102,183
 • Metro
[3]
719,465
 • Adjusted Population[3]
17,813,218
Languages
 • Official languageBengali[4]
 • Indigenous minority languages
List[5]
Time zoneUTC+6 (Bangladesh Standard Time)
ISO 3166 codeBD-D
HDI (2018)0.641[6]
medium
Notable sport teamsKhulna Tigers, Khulna Division
Websitekhulna.gov.bd

History

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In the British Raj Khulna Division was a part of Presidency division. Before 1947 The Presidency division had six major districts, Murshidabad, Calcutta, 24 Parganas, Khulna, undivided Jessore, and undivided Nadia. In 1947 The Partition of India divided this division into two. The district of Khulna and the lion half of Jessore District and Nadia District become part of Newly established East Bengal. And rest of the district of the Presidency division become part of West Bengal. In 1948 The lion half Nadia district of East Bengal formed a new Kushtia District. And the govt of East Bengal added the Jessore, Khulna & Kushtia district into Rajshahi Division. After in 1960 the govt of East Pakistan, This three district from Rajshahi Division and one district from Dacca Division create new Division of Khulna. In 1993 the Barisal Division is formed from Khulna division.

Geography

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The Khulna division borders to India by the State of West Bengal to the west, the Rajshahi Division to the north, the Dhaka division and the Barisal division to the east, and has a coastline on the Bay of Bengal to the south. It is part of the Ganges River delta or Greater Bengal Delta. Other rivers include the Madhumati River, the Bhairab River and the Kapotaksha River. The region also includes several islands in the Bay of Bengal.

The Sundarbans, the world's largest mangrove forest, is in the southern part of the delta. Khulna is in the northern part of the district, and the Mayur River is the western boundary of the metropolitan area.

Administrative districts

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The division was formed in 1960.[7] Khulna Division consists of the following ten districts (zilas), subdivided into 59 sub-districts (upazilas):[8]

District Administrative
centre		 Area in
km2.		 Population
2001 Census		 Population
2011 Census 		Population 2022 Census
Bagerhat District Bagerhat 3,959.11 1,549,031 1,476,090 1,613,076
Chuadanga District Chuadanga 1,174.10 1,007,130 1,129,015 1,234,054
Jashore District Jessore 2,606.94 2,471,554 2,764,547 3,076,144
Jhenaidah District Jhenaidah 1,964.77 1,579,490 1,771,304 2,005,849
Khulna District Khulna 4,394.45 2,378,971 2,318,527 2,613,385
Kushtia District Kushtia 1,608.80 1,740,155 1,946,838 2,149,692
Magura District Magura 1,039.10 824,311 918,419 1,033,115
Meherpur District Meherpur 751.62 591,430 655,392 705,356
Narail District Narail 967.99 698,447 721,668 788,671
Satkhira District Satkhira 3,817.29 1,864,704 1,985,959 2,196,582
Total Districts 10 22,284.22 14,705,223 15,687,759 17,415,924

Demographics

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Religion in Khulna division (2022)[3]
Religion Percent
Muslims
 
 88.21%
Hindus
 
 11.53%
Christians
 
 0.24%
Others
 
 0.02%

Muslims are the predominant religion with 88.21%, while Hindus are main minority with 11.53% population. Christians and others are 0.24% and 0.02% respectively.[3]

Economy

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Most parts of the largest mangrove forest in the world — the Sundarban — is spread over the three most southerly districts of Satkhira, Khulna and Bagherhat. Khulna's GDP is the third-largest GDP behind Dhaka and Chittagong. It possesses a GDP of $53 billion.

Education

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The division contains educational institutions including

Universities

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Public Universities

Private Universities

Medical Colleges

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Public

Private

Colleges

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Polytechnic institutes

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Schools

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Other educational institutes

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Khulna has six integrated general and vocational (IGV) schools and one technical school of UCEP (Underprivileged Children's Educational Programs), which is a non-profitable organization.

  • UCEP Mohsin Khulna TVET Institute, Baikali, Khulna
  • UCEP Mohsin Khulna Technical School, Baikali,
  • UCEP Sonadanga Technical School, Sonadanga
  • UCEP M.A Majid Technical School, Fulbarigate
  • UCEP Khalishpur Technical School, Khalishpur
  • UCEP Johara Samad Technical School, Tootpara
  • UCEP Wazed Ali Technical School, Banorgati

Transportation

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Khulna Division has highest transportation link with other area in Bangladesh as well as with India by Road, Rail, Air and Waterways

Road

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The national highway (N7) cross through Khulna Division which connects Dhaka to Port of Mongla. The AH1 and AH41 also Cross through Khulna division. It also connects with India by Port of Benapole, Port of Darshana, Port of Mujibnogor, and Port of Bhomra through various Road links.

Rail

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There are several Railway route in Khulna Division which Connect various city of Bangladesh. It has also 2 international route which connect India by train.

Air

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There are two airport in Khulna Division. One of them is functional and one under construction. The Jashore Airport is the functional airport in Khulna Division which connect Dhaka, Chattogram and Cox Bazar By air. And the Khan Jahan Ali International Airport is now under construction.

Waterways

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Port of Khulna, Port of Kustia, Port of Noapara are the main three river port in Khulna division. Every day various ship are leaving from thus port to various part of Bangladesh.

Port of Mongla is the solo sea port in Khulna division.

Newspapers and magazines

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Daily and weekly newspapers are published from Khulna Division, including:

  • Anirbhan[11]
  • Janmobhumi[11]
  • Khulna News
  • Lok Samaj[12]
  • Probaho[11]
  • Purbanchal[11]
  • satkhiranews.com[13]
  • The Daily Gramer Kagoj[12]
  • The Daily Spandan[12]
  • Tribune[11]
  • Daily Mathabhanga

Points of interest

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Sixty Dome Mosque - Situated in the suburbs of Bagerhat, at the meeting-point of the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers, this ancient city, formerly known as Khalifatabad, was founded by the Turkish general Ulugh Khan Jahan in the 15th century. The city's infrastructure reveals considerable technical skill and an exceptional number of mosques and early Islamic monuments, many built of brick, can be seen there.[14]

The Sundarbans mangrove forest, one of the largest such forests in the world (140,000 ha), lies on the delta of the Ganges, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers on the Bay of Bengal. It is adjacent to the border of India's Sundarbans World Heritage site inscribed in 1987. The site is intersected by a complex network of tidal waterways, mudflats and small islands of salt-tolerant mangrove forests, and presents an excellent example of ongoing ecological processes. The area is known for its wide range of fauna, including 260 bird species, the Bengal tiger and other threatened species such as the estuarine crocodile and the Indian python.[14]

Mobarakganj Sugar Mills Limited is a prominent sugar manufacturing company located in Mobarakganj, Jhenaidah, Bangladesh. Established with the goal of supporting the agricultural sector and contributing to the national economy, the company produces high-quality sugar and related by-products.

Lalon is Bengali Baul saint. Lalon Shah was a songwriter, social reformer, and thinker. He is most popular as Lalon Shah or Lalon Fakir. He wrote many songs, and these songs are known as Lalon Geeti. Fakir Lalon was born in 1774 and died on 17 October 1890 in Kushtia district, Bangladesh. He is known as the Baul Samrat.

Shilaidaha Kuthibadi is a place in Kumarkhali Upazila of Kushtia District in Bangladesh. The place is famous for Kuthi Bari; a country house made by Dwarkanath Tagore. Rabindranath Tagore lived a part of life here and created some of his memorable poems while living here.

1971: Genocide-Torture Archive & Museum - Rare pictures and paintings depicting the genocide of Bangalees by the Pakistan army hang on the wall. There is also a rich collection of books and audio-visual materials on the ruthless massacre against the unarmed people. The aim of the museum is to educate people, especially youths, about the genocide committed by the Pakistan army in association with their local collaborators, said Prof Muntassir Mamoon, chairman of the trustee board that runs the institution.[15]

Language

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Bengali is the widely spoken language in Khulna division.

Notable persons

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ কনটেন্টটি শেয়ার করতে ক্লিক করুন. Khulna Division. Archived from the original on 2023-02-23. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
  2. ^ "List of Divisional Commissioners". Archived from the original on 2022-06-18. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g National Report (PDF). Population and Housing Census 2022. Vol. 1. Dhaka: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics. November 2023. p. 386. ISBN 978-9844752016.
  4. ^ "The Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh". Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs. Archived from the original on 10 November 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
  5. ^ "Bangladesh". Ethnologue. Retrieved 7 January 2024.
  6. ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Archived from the original on 2021-07-09. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  7. ^ Sajahan Miah (2012). "Khulna Division". In Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal (ed.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04.
  8. ^ Census figures for 1991, 2001 and 2011 are from Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Population Census Wing. The 2011 Census figures are based on preliminary results.
  9. ^ কুষ্টিয়ায় হচ্ছে লালন বিজ্ঞান ও কলা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়. Bangla Tribune (in Bengali). Retrieved 2021-02-27.
  10. ^ "Khulna City Medical College Hospital". Khulna City Medical College Hospital. Archived from the original on 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2020-12-19.
  11. ^ a b c d e Mallik, Sandipak (2012). "Khulna District". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 2019-04-11. Retrieved 2020-09-04.
  12. ^ a b c Siddiqui, Mahibullah (2012). "Jessore District". In Islam, Sirajul; Jamal, Ahmed A. (eds.). Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Second ed.). Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Archived from the original on 2023-05-18. Retrieved 2020-09-04.
  13. ^ "Satkhira News". Archived from the original on 2014-04-09. Retrieved 2014-04-08.
  14. ^ a b "Historic Mosque City of Bagerhat". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Archived from the original on 2019-12-06. Retrieved 2019-04-11.
  15. ^ "Welcome to the genocide museum". The Daily Star. 2017-03-24. Archived from the original on 2019-04-12. Retrieved 2019-04-11.
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